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This study explores the role of [18F]FDG PET\/CT in predicting outcomes in PM treated with immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Patients from the NIPU trial, receiving ipilimumab and nivolumab +\/- telomerase vaccine in second-line, were included. [18F]FDG PET\/CT was obtained at baseline (n = 100) and at week-5 (n = 76). Metabolic tumour volume (MTV) and peak standardised uptake value (SUV<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub>) were evaluated in relation to survival outcomes. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to assess differences in MTV, total lesion glycolysis (TLG), maximum standardised uptake value (SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>) and SUV<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub> between patients exhibiting an objective response, defined as either partial response or complete response according to the modified Response Criteria in Solid Tumours (mRECIST) and immune RECIST (iRECIST), and non-responders, defined as either stable disease or progressive disease as their best overall response.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Univariate Cox regression revealed significant associations of MTV with OS (HR 1.36, CI: 1.14, 1.62, p &lt; 0.001) and PFS (HR 1.18, CI: 1.03, 1.34, p = 0.02), while multivariate analysis showed a significant association with OS only (HR 1.35, CI: 1.09, 1.68, p = 0.007). While SUV<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub> was not significantly associated with OS or PFS in univariate analyses, it was significantly associated with OS in multivariate analysis (HR 0.43, CI: 0.23, 0.80, p = 0.008). Objective responders had significant reductions in TLG, SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> and SUV<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub> at week-5.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>MTV provides prognostic value in PM treated with immunotherapy. High SUV<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub> was not associated with inferior outcomes, which could be attributed to the distinct mechanisms of immunotherapy. Early reductions in PET metrics correlated with treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Study registration<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The NIPU trial (NCT04300244) is registered at clinicaltrials.gov. <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/classic.clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04300244?cond=Pleural+Mesothelioma&amp;cntry=NO&amp;draw=2&amp;rank=4\" ext-link-type=\"uri\">https:\/\/classic.clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04300244?cond=Pleural+Mesothelioma&amp;cntry=NO&amp;draw=2&amp;rank=4<\/jats:ext-link>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-024-06853-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T06:02:11Z","timestamp":1723442531000},"page":"693-707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Outcome prediction based on [18F]FDG PET\/CT in patients with pleural mesothelioma treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab +\/- UV1 telomerase vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9277-7796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solfrid","family":"Thunold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eivor","family":"Hernes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saima","family":"Farooqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5sa Kristina","family":"\u00d6jlert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roslyn J.","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna K.","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weronika Maria","family":"Szejniuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren Steen","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Cedres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc Simo","family":"Perdigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens Benn","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carin","family":"Meltzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars Tore Gyland","family":"Mikalsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5slaug","family":"Helland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eirik","family":"Malinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vilde Drageset","family":"Haakensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"6853_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2017.09.036","volume":"105","author":"SA Saddoughi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Saddoughi SA, Abdelsattar ZM, Blackmon SH. 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