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Here, we employed a multimodal imaging approach to assess oxygenation changes in the spinal cord of the transgenic M83 murine model of PD overexpressing the mutated A53T alpha-synuclein form in comparison with non-transgenic littermates.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In vivo spiral volumetric optoacoustic tomography (SVOT) was performed to assess oxygen saturation (sO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) in the spinal cords of M83 mice and non-transgenic littermates. Ex vivo high-field T1-weighted (T1w) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 9.4T was used to assess volumetric alterations in the spinal cord. 3D SVOT analysis and deep learning-based automatic segmentation of T1w MRI data for the mouse spinal cord were developed for quantification. Immunostaining for phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (pS129 \u03b1-syn), as well as vascular organization (CD31 and GLUT1), was performed after MRI scan.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In vivo SVOT imaging revealed a lower sO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              <jats:sup>SVOT<\/jats:sup> in the spinal cord of M83 mice compared to non-transgenic littermates at sub-100\u00a0\u03bcm spatial resolution. Ex vivo MRI-assisted by in-house developed deep learning-based automatic segmentation (validated by manual analysis) revealed no volumetric atrophy in the spinal cord of M83 mice compared to non-transgenic littermates at 50\u00a0\u03bcm spatial resolution. The vascular network was not impaired in the spinal cord of M83 mice in the presence of pS129 \u03b1-syn accumulation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We developed tools for deep-learning-based analysis for the segmentation of mouse spinal cord structural MRI data, and volumetric analysis of sO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              <jats:sup>SVOT<\/jats:sup> data. We demonstrated non-invasive high-resolution imaging of reduced sO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n              <jats:sup>SVOT<\/jats:sup> in the absence of volumetric structural changes in the spinal cord of PD M83 mouse model.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-024-06938-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T04:01:42Z","timestamp":1728446502000},"page":"427-443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Spiral volumetric optoacoustic tomography of reduced oxygen saturation in the spinal cord of M83 mouse model of Parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Benjamin F.","family":"Combes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep Kumar","family":"Kalva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Louis","family":"Benveniste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agathe","family":"Tournant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man Hoi","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maik","family":"Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca Z.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Noain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xose Luis","family":"Dean-Ben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Konietzko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian R.","family":"Baumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per-G\u00f6ran","family":"Gillberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Hock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger M.","family":"Nitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Cohen-Adad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Razansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0793-2113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruiqing","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"6938_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(18)30295-3","author":"regional Global","year":"2018","unstructured":"Global regional. 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