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PET quantification was performed by kinetic modelling with an image derived input function and calculation of simplified standardized uptake values (SUV). [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]F-DED SUVr (referenced to the straight gyrus) were analyzed for LGl1-AE target regions, compared between baseline and follow-up PET scans, used to investigate asymmetry of the mesial temporal lobe (MTL), and correlated to routine clinical data.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Simplified [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]F-DED PET quantification of the 30\u201360\u00a0min time-frame showed excellent agreement with kinetic modelling of the full dynamic imaging protocol. In LGI1-AE patients, [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]F-DED SUVr values were significantly increased by 16% in the MTL (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.002) and by 12% in the cerebellum (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.014). [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]F-DED signals in the MTL significantly declined during the course of the disease (mean follow-up time: 15 months,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.006). MTL asymmetry (&gt;\u20095%) of [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]F-DED SUVr was present in 8\/15 of LGI1-AE patients compared to 1\/15 controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and showed marked decline between baseline and follow-up in LGI1-AE patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This pilot study shows that [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]F-DED PET is a promising tool to monitor regional astrogliosis in LGI1-AE patients and may provide a direct read-out of this important aspect of inflammatory disease activity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-025-07531-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T03:44:06Z","timestamp":1758858246000},"page":"2054-2068","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["[18F]fluorodeprenyl-D2\u00a0PET can detect and monitor astrogliosis in anti-LGI1-IgG autoimmune encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6655-5557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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