{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:45:52Z","timestamp":1792291552507,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Istanbul University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chronic bone and soft tissue infections pose a diagnostic challenge, as conventional imaging techniques often show limited sensitivity and specificity. Given that CXCR4 chemokine receptors are expressed on lymphocytes, key mediators of chronic inflammatory response, we hypothesized that CXCR4-targeted imaging may offer enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of [\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET\/CT in comparison with conventional 3-phase bone scintigraphy and [\n                      <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tc]Tc-HMPAO-labelled leucocyte scintigraphy in patients with suspected chronic bone and soft tissue infections.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this retrospective single-centre study, we included patients who underwent both conventional scintigraphic imaging and [\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET\/CT. Asymptomatic prostheses, orthopaedic implants, and diabetic foot regions within the same cohort served as controls. Two nuclear medicine specialists, blinded to patient data, evaluated imaging findings in consensus visually and quantitatively. Final diagnoses were confirmed by microbiological culture and\/or histopathology for infected sites, and by clinical and radiological follow-up for non-infected control sites.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 20 patients with 25 suspected infectious foci and 14 control sites were evaluated. Of the 25 sites, 21 were confirmed to be infected; no infections were observed in the control sites. Scintigraphy correctly identified 19 infection sites (sensitivity: 90%, specificity: 83%), while [\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET\/CT was positive in all 21 infection sites, but demonstrated two false-positives (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 89%). PET\/CT showed higher overall accuracy (95% vs. 87%), although this difference did not reach statistical significance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.07).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      [\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET\/CT was accurate in detecting BSTIs, suggesting potential utility as a single-scan imaging approach. These results align with findings from limited prior studies and underscore the need for validation in larger cohorts.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-025-07749-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T01:53:14Z","timestamp":1769478794000},"page":"3271-3282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluating chronic bone and soft tissue infections with [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET\/CT: a head-to-head comparison with scintigraphy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8270-9480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dilara","family":"Denizmen Zorba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6945-2003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duygu","family":"Has Simsek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1267-2379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasemin","family":"Sanli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4766-8481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammet Ibrahim","family":"Karacam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6848-6930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omer Naci","family":"Ergin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3051-8199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arif Atahan","family":"Cagatay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9766-1491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fikret","family":"Buyukkaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1158-5361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serkan","family":"Kuyumcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"7749_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-014-1475-3","volume":"25","author":"RK Jain","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jain RK, Shukla R, Singh P, Kumar R. Epidemiology and risk factors for surgical site infections in patients requiring orthopedic surgery. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2015;25:251\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-014-1475-3.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"key":"7749_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001","volume":"31","author":"DF Bandyk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bandyk DF. The diabetic foot: pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment. Semin Vasc Surg. 2018;31:43\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001.","journal-title":"Semin Vasc Surg"},{"key":"7749_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.4081\/or.2013.e14","volume":"5","author":"Z Song","year":"2013","unstructured":"Song Z, Borgwardt L, Hoiby N, Wu H, Sorensen TS, Borgwardt A. Prosthesis infections after orthopedic joint replacement: the possible role of bacterial biofilms. Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2013;5:65\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/or.2013.e14.","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (Pavia)"},{"key":"7749_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-020-04889-z","volume":"45","author":"IK Sigmund","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sigmund IK, Holinka J, Staats K, Sevelda F, Lass R, Kubista B, et al. Inferior performance of established and novel serum inflammatory markers in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections. Int Orthop. 2021;45:837\u201346.","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"7749_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.7364","volume":"197","author":"BA Hargreaves","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hargreaves BA, Worters PW, Pauly KB, Pauly JM, Koch KM, Gold GE. Metal-induced artifacts in MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011;197:547\u201355.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"7749_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/dfa.v4i0.21884","volume":"4","author":"FB Ergen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ergen FB, Eser SS, Oznur A. Charcot foot in diabetes and an update on imaging. Diabet Foot Ankle. 2013;4:21884. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/dfa.v4i0.21884.","journal-title":"Diabet Foot Ankle"},{"key":"7749_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2016.01.003","volume":"71","author":"C Love","year":"2016","unstructured":"Love C, Palestro C. Nuclear medicine imaging of bone infections. Clin Radiol. 2016;71:632\u201346.","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"7749_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.D.02691","volume":"87","author":"MF Termaat","year":"2005","unstructured":"Termaat MF, Raijmakers PG, Scholten HJ, Bakker FC, Patka P, Haarman HJ. The accuracy of diagnostic imaging for the assessment of chronic osteomyelitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005;87:2464\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.D.02691.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"7749_CR9","unstructured":"Pahwa R, Goyal A, Jialal I. Chronic inflammation. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL). 2024."},{"key":"7749_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s40336-021-00458-5","volume":"9","author":"S Kuyumcu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kuyumcu S, K\u0131ran MY, Apayd\u0131n Ar\u0131kan E, Ye\u011fen G, \u015eanl\u0131 Y. [68Ga]-Pentixafor PET\/CT imaging of lymphoproliferative malignancies. Clin Transl Imaging. 2021;9:641\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Imaging"},{"key":"7749_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-023-06547-z","volume":"51","author":"N Dreher","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dreher N, Hahner S, Fu\u00df CT, Schl\u00f6telburg W, Hartrampf PE, Serfling SE, et al. CXCR4-directed PET\/CT with [68 Ga] Ga-pentixafor in solid tumors\u2014a comprehensive analysis of imaging findings and comparison with histopathology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2024;51:1383\u201394.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"7749_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-021-01652-1","volume":"35","author":"S Kuyumcu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kuyumcu S, Isik EG, Tiryaki TO, Has-Simsek D, Sanli Y, Buyukkaya F, et al. Prognostic significance of (68)Ga-Pentixafor PET\/CT in multiple myeloma recurrence: a comparison to (18)F-FDG PET\/CT and laboratory results. Ann Nucl Med. 2021;35:1147\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12149-021-01652-1.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"key":"7749_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-018-4052-x","volume":"45","author":"A Signore","year":"2018","unstructured":"Signore A. EANM guidelines for labelled white blood cell scintigraphy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2018;45:245\u201374.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"7749_CR14","first-page":"14","volume":"12","author":"L Marais","year":"2013","unstructured":"Marais L, Ferreira N, Aldous C, Le Roux T. The pathophysiology of chronic osteomyelitis. S Afr Orthop J. 2013;12:14\u20138.","journal-title":"S Afr Orthop J"},{"key":"7749_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2012.0257","volume":"109","author":"G Walter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walter G, Kemmerer M, Kappler C, Hoffmann R. Treatment algorithms for chronic osteomyelitis. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2012;109:257\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.2012.0257.","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"7749_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.01429","volume":"100","author":"MM Kheir","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kheir MM, Tan TL, Shohat N, Foltz C, Parvizi J. Routine diagnostic tests for periprosthetic joint infection demonstrate a high false-negative rate and are influenced by the infecting organism. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2018;100:2057\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.17.01429.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"7749_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad527","author":"E Senneville","year":"2023","unstructured":"Senneville E, Albalawi Z, van Asten SA, Abbas ZG, Allison G, Aragon-Sanchez J, et al. IWGDF\/IDSA guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of Diabetes-related foot infections (IWGDF\/IDSA 2023). Clin Infect Dis. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciad527.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"7749_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-010-1393-5","volume":"37","author":"M Roca","year":"2010","unstructured":"Roca M, de Vries EF, Jamar F, Israel O, Signore A. Guidelines for the labelling of leucocytes with (111)In-oxine. Inflammation\/infection taskgroup of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2010;37:835\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-010-1393-5.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"7749_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-012-2062-7","volume":"39","author":"F Gemmel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gemmel F, den Van Wyngaert H, Love C, Welling MM, Gemmel P, Palestro CJ. Prosthetic joint infections: radionuclide state-of-the-art imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2012;39:892\u2013909. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-012-2062-7.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"7749_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-4263-9","volume":"46","author":"A Signore","year":"2019","unstructured":"Signore A, Sconfienza LM, Borens O, Glaudemans A, Cassar-Pullicino V, Trampuz A, et al. Consensus document for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infections: a joint paper by the EANM, EBJIS, and ESR (with ESCMID endorsement). Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2019;46:971\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-019-4263-9.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"7749_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.75B3.8496202","volume":"75","author":"PR Glithero","year":"1993","unstructured":"Glithero PR, Grigoris P, Harding LK, Hesslewood SR, McMinn DJ. White cell scans and infected joint replacements. Failure to detect chronic infection. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1993;75:371\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.75B3.8496202.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"7749_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.117.193854","volume":"59","author":"C Bouter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bouter C, Meller B, Sahlmann CO, Staab W, Wester HJ, Kropf S, et al. <sup\u2009>\u200968\u2009Ga-Pentixafor PET\/CT imaging of chemokine receptor CXCR4 in chronic infection of the bone: first Insights<\/sup\u2009>. J Nucl Med. 2018;59:320\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.117.193854.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"7749_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.3413\/Nukmed-0971-18-04","volume":"57","author":"Y Bouter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bouter Y, Meller B, Sahlmann CO, Wolf BJ, Langer L, Bankstahl JP, et al. Immunohistochemical detection of chemokine receptor 4 expression in chronic osteomyelitis confirms specific uptake in 68Ga-Pentixafor-PET\/CT. Nuklearmedizin. 2018;57:198\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3413\/Nukmed-0971-18-04.","journal-title":"Nuklearmedizin"},{"key":"7749_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.7150\/jbji.30088","volume":"4","author":"N Shohat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shohat N, Goswami K, Tan TL, Henstenburg B, Makar G, Rondon AJ, et al. Fever and erythema are specific findings in detecting infection following total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Jt Infect. 2019;4:92\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/jbji.30088.","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Infect"},{"key":"7749_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1412701","volume":"2018","author":"G Bori","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bori G, McNally MA, Athanasou N. Histopathology in periprosthetic joint infection: when will the morphomolecular diagnosis be a reality? BioMed Res Int. 2018;2018:1412701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/1412701.","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"7749_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.103B1.BJJ-2020-1381.R1","volume":"103-B","author":"M McNally","year":"2021","unstructured":"McNally M, Sousa R, Wouthuyzen-Bakker M, Chen AF, Soriano A, Vogely HC, et al. The EBJIS definition of periprosthetic joint infection. Bone Joint J. 2021;103-B:18\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.103B1.BJJ-2020-1381.R1.","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"7749_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/rct.0000000000000011","volume":"38","author":"HO Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim HO, Na SJ, Oh SJ, Jung BS, Lee SH, Chang JS, et al. Usefulness of adding SPECT\/CT to 99mTc-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO)-labeled leukocyte imaging for diagnosing prosthetic joint infections. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2014;38:313\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/rct.0000000000000011.","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"7749_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.4103\/jispcd.JISPCD_256_20","volume":"10","author":"A Leoney","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leoney A, Karthigeyan S, Asharaf AS, Felix AJW. Detection and categorization of biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus, viridans streptococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli isolated from complete denture patients and visualization using scanning electron microscopy. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2020;10:627\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jispcd.JISPCD_256_20.","journal-title":"J Int Soc Prev Community Dent"},{"key":"7749_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/s0001-2998(05)80226-0","volume":"24","author":"AM Peters","year":"1994","unstructured":"Peters AM. The utility of [99mTc]HMPAO-leukocytes for imaging infection. Semin Nucl Med. 1994;24:110\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0001-2998(05)80226-0.","journal-title":"Semin Nucl Med"},{"key":"7749_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249759","author":"A Arthur","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arthur A, Gronthos S. Clinical application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells to repair skeletal tissue. Int J Mol Sci. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21249759.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"7749_CR31","first-page":"1947","volume":"36","author":"S Basu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Basu S. SPECT\/CT and PET\/CT in the diagnosis of infections. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2009;36:1947\u201370.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"7749_CR32","first-page":"571","volume":"45","author":"IJE Kouijzer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kouijzer IJE. Imaging of chronic osteomyelitis using [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET\/CT: a pilot study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2018;45:571\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"7749_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semnuclmed.2019.10.002","volume":"50","author":"CJ Palestro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Palestro CJ. Nuclear medicine and diabetic foot infections. Semin Nucl Med. 2020;50:100\u201313.","journal-title":"Semin Nucl Med"},{"key":"7749_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V94.7.2523.419k18_2523_2529","volume":"94","author":"RF Wynn","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wynn RF. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 is a chemoattractant for human CD34\u2009+\u2009hematopoietic progenitor cells. Blood. 1999;94:2523\u201330.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7749_CR35","first-page":"747","volume":"45","author":"C Bouter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bouter C. Detection of CXCR4 expression in chronic osteomyelitis using [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET\/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2018;45:747\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"7749_CR36","first-page":"3247","volume":"7","author":"Y Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen Y. Cxcr4-positive cell recruitment in myocardial infarction healing. Theranostics. 2017;7:3247\u201359.","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"7749_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.151647","volume":"56","author":"K Herrmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Herrmann K. Biodistribution and radiation dosimetry for the CXCR4-targeted PET tracer [68Ga]Pentixafor. J Nucl Med. 2015;56:410\u20136.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"7749_CR38","first-page":"1498","volume":"27","author":"X Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun X. Cxcr4-targeted imaging of post-infarction inflammation with [68Ga]Pentixafor PET. J Nucl Cardiol. 2020;27:1498\u2013505.","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"key":"7749_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-0532","volume":"40","author":"C Lauri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lauri C, Tamminga M, Glaudemans A, Juarez Orozco LE, Erba PA, Jutte PC, et al. Detection of osteomyelitis in the diabetic foot by imaging techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing MRI, white blood cell scintigraphy, and FDG-PET. Diabetes Care. 2017;40:1111\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc17-0532.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"7749_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061645","volume":"9","author":"C Lauri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lauri C, Glaudemans AWJM, Campagna G, Keidar Z, Muchnik Kurash M, Georga S, et al. Comparison of white blood cell scintigraphy, FDG PET\/CT and MRI in suspected diabetic foot infection: results of a large retrospective multicenter study. J Clin Med. 2020;9:1645.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"7749_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-12-844605","volume":"133","author":"M-D Filippi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Filippi M-D. Neutrophil transendothelial migration: updates and new perspectives. Blood. 2019;133:2149\u201358.","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00259-025-07749-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00259-025-07749-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00259-025-07749-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T01:26:24Z","timestamp":1774401984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00259-025-07749-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["7749"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-025-07749-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-7070","1619-7089"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-7070","type":"print"},{"value":"1619-7089","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine (Date: 13.03.2024\/No: 2477682).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Participants provided informed consent for the publication of anonymised data and images included in this manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}