{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:45:24Z","timestamp":1791909924497,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020098","name":"Innovative Health Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101173001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101173001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020098","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Targeted Alpha Therapy (TAT) holds considerable promise for precision oncology, yet its clinical deployment in Europe remains limited. Beyond scientific considerations, progress is constrained by fragmentation across the radiopharmaceutical value chain, encompassing radionuclide production, radiochemistry, preclinical validation, clinical development, regulatory frameworks, infrastructure, and workforce training. This editorial focuses on astatine\u2011211 (\n                    <jats:sup>211<\/jats:sup>\n                    At) as a strategically important radionuclide for European targeted alpha therapy. Its favorable decay characteristics, chemical versatility, and theranostic potential make\n                    <jats:sup>211<\/jats:sup>\n                    At a strong candidate for clinical translation. However, despite advances in radiochemistry and encouraging early\u2011phase clinical experience, current evidence remains largely preclinical or restricted to first\u2011in\u2011human studies, and broader clinical adoption remains uncertain. We argue that the main barriers are not isolated technical obstacles but a self\u2011reinforcing dynamic linking limited supply, restricted clinical evidence generation, regulatory complexity, and insufficient workforce readiness. Addressing these challenges sequentially or in isolation is unlikely to succeed. Instead, coordinated, value\u2011chain\u2011driven approaches are required, in which production, preclinical research, clinical evaluation, regulation, and training progress together. From a European perspective, initiatives such as ACCELERATE.EU: an EU-HORIZON-JU-IHI funded project bringing together a consortium of 17 partners across Europe with expertise in\n                    <jats:sup>211<\/jats:sup>\n                    At and targeted alpha therapies, illustrate how distributed production networks, harmonized practices, co\u2011clinical development, and structured workforce training can contribute to greater autonomy, resilience, and equitable patient access. Establishing a decentralized and sustainable European supply model for\n                    <jats:sup>211<\/jats:sup>\n                    At should therefore be considered a strategic priority to enable multicenter clinical trials, supply independence and support the future integration of targeted alpha therapy into routine clinical practice.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-026-07950-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T02:13:44Z","timestamp":1780020824000},"page":"5999-6008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["211At targeted alpha therapy in Europe: overcoming clinical, regulatory, and infrastructure challenges"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3909-625X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Levillain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Royer","family":"Mo\u00ebs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiana","family":"Gameiro-Paris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4145-854X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antero","family":"Abrunhosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Deakin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8853-0783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geraldine","family":"Gebhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7788-513X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias M.","family":"Herth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2804-473X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Gestin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6971-5969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferid","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4302-2982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas Ingemann","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca Lo","family":"Bue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6882-751X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata","family":"Mikolajczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5954-0915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Otamendi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Staunton-Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8004-3718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Tabury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2193-6599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Flamen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Accelerate.EU consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto M.","family":"Battisti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Bourdeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Ch\u00e9rel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Damas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Delbart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovic","family":"Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Fouinneteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Gu\u00e9rard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Geets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Harray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swen","family":"Humpert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Lacombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Pruszy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Neumaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Primac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yann","family":"Seimbille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"7950_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.692436","volume":"8","author":"JP Pouget","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pouget JP, Constanzo J. Revisiting the radiobiology of targeted alpha therapy. Front Med. 2021;8:692436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2021.692436.","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"7950_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.2174\/157488708785700339","volume":"3","author":"BJ Allen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Allen BJ. Clinical trials of targeted alpha therapy for cancer. Rev Recent Clin Trials. 2008;3(3):185\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/157488708785700339.","journal-title":"Rev Recent Clin Trials"},{"issue":"5","key":"7950_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.125.269699","volume":"66","author":"R Zimmermann","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zimmermann R. Is 211At really happening? J Nucl Med. 2025;66(5):681\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.125.269699.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"7950_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3264","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.1c00327","volume":"54","author":"F Gu\u00e9rard","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gu\u00e9rard F, Maingueneau C, Liu L, Eychenne R, Gestin JF, Montavon G, et al. Advances in the chemistry of astatine and implications for the development of radiopharmaceuticals. Acc Chem Res. 2021;54(16):3264\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.accounts.1c00327.","journal-title":"Acc Chem Res"},{"key":"7950_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41181-024-00298-4","volume":"9","author":"M Vanermen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vanermen M, Ligeour M, Oliveira MC, Gestin JF, Elvas F, Navarro L, et al. Astatine\u2011211 radiolabelling chemistry: from basics to advanced biological applications. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem. 2024;9:69. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41181-024-00298-4.","journal-title":"EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem"},{"key":"7950_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2024.108990","volume":"142\u2011143","author":"M Tosato","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tosato M, Favaretto C, Kleynhans J, Burgoyne AR, Gestin JF, van der Meulen NP, et al. Alpha Atlas: mapping global production of \u03b1\u2011emitting radionuclides for targeted alpha therapy. Nucl Med Biol. 2025;142\u2011143:108990. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2024.108990.","journal-title":"Nucl Med Biol"},{"key":"7950_CR7","unstructured":"U.S. FDA. Oncology Therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals: dosage optimization during clinical development. Draft Guidance for Industry. 2025."},{"issue":"1","key":"7950_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0969-8051(94)00077-W","volume":"22","author":"EL Johnson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Johnson EL, Turkington TG, Jaszczak RJ, Gilland DR, Vaidyanathan G, Greer KL, et al. Quantitation of 211At in small volumes for evaluation of targeted radiotherapy in animal models. Nucl Med Biol. 1995;22(1):45\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0969-8051(94)00077-W.","journal-title":"Nucl Med Biol"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"7950_CR9","first-page":"24106","volume":"65","author":"T Kamiya","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kamiya T, Watabe T, Naka S, Sasaki H, Tsuzura K, Kotani K, et al. Optimization of astatine\u2011211 imaging for dosimetry in clinical trial using multidetector cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) SPECT\/CT. J Nucl Med. 2024;65(suppl 2):24106.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7950_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1002\/med.70008","volume":"46","author":"M M\u00fcller","year":"2026","unstructured":"M\u00fcller M, Pedersen NB, Shalgunov V, Jensen AI, Battisti UM, Herth MM. Astatine\u2011211\u2014towards in vivo stable astatine\u2011211 labeled radiopharmaceuticals and their (pre)clinical applications. Med Res Rev. 2026;46(1):203\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/med.70008.","journal-title":"Med Res Rev"},{"key":"7950_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.5c00102","volume":"16","author":"T Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao T, Liang SH. Enhancing the stability of 211At radiopharmaceuticals: insights from ortho\u2011substituent strategies. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2025;16:504\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.5c00102.","journal-title":"ACS Med Chem Lett"},{"issue":"6","key":"7950_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16060738","volume":"16","author":"J Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao J, Li M, Yin J, Liu M, Wang H, Du J, et al. The different strategies for the radiolabeling of [211At]\u2011astatinated radiopharmaceuticals. Pharmaceutics. 2024;16(6):738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics16060738.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"2","key":"7950_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.4c04081","volume":"64","author":"JS Perera","year":"2025","unstructured":"Perera JS, Pyles JM, Srivastava AK, Lawrence CC, Le M, Bills LA, et al. Probing the redox reactivity of alkyl bound astatine: formation and cleavage of a stable At\u2013C bond. Inorg Chem. 2025;64(2):911\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.4c04081.","journal-title":"Inorg Chem"},{"issue":"34","key":"7950_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13462","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.2c01918","volume":"61","author":"L Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu L, Maurice R, Galland N, Moisy P, Champion J, Montavon GF. Pourbaix diagram of astatine revisited: experimental investigations. Inorg Chem. 2022;61(34):13462\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.2c01918.","journal-title":"Inorg Chem"},{"key":"7950_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/jlcr.1543","volume":"51","author":"M Bourgeois","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bourgeois M, Gu\u00e9rard F, Alliot C, et al. Feasibility of the radioastatination of a monoclonal antibody with astatine\u2011211 purified by wet extraction. J Labelled Compd Radiopharm. 2008;51:379\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jlcr.1543.","journal-title":"J Labelled Compd Radiopharm"},{"issue":"10","key":"7950_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24108701","volume":"24","author":"A Aso","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aso A, Nabetani H, Matsuura Y, Kadonaga Y, Shirakami Y, Watabe T, et al. Evaluation of astatine-211-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI): comparison of different linkers with polyethylene glycol and piperazine. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(10):8701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24108701.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"7950_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1039\/d3md00579h","volume":"15","author":"T Yssartier","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yssartier T, Liu L, Pardoue S, Le Questel JY, Gu\u00e9rard F, Montavon G, et al. In vivo stability of 211At-radiopharmaceuticals: on the impact of halogen bond formation. RSC Med Chem. 2023;15(1):223\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d3md00579h.","journal-title":"RSC Med Chem"},{"key":"7950_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1390263","volume":"15","author":"K Arimoto","year":"2024","unstructured":"Arimoto K, Miyauchi S, Liu M, Zhang D\u2011E. Emerging role of immunogenic cell death in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1390263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1390263.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"7950_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2024.108971","volume":"140\u2013141","author":"STM Wenker","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wenker STM, van Lith SAM, Tamborino G, Konijnenberg MW, Bussink J, Heskamp S. The potential of targeted radionuclide therapy to treat hypoxic tumor cells. Nucl Med Biol. 2025;140\u2013141:108971. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2024.108971.","journal-title":"Nucl Med Biol"},{"key":"7950_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1076210","volume":"9","author":"P Albertsson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Albertsson P, B\u00e4ck T, Bergmark K, Hallqvist A, Johansson M, Aneheim E, et al. Astatine\u2011211 based radionuclide therapy: current clinical trial landscape. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023;9:1076210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.1076210.","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"7950_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2021.05.007","volume":"100\u2011101","author":"Y Feng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Feng Y, Zalutsky MR. Production, purification and availability of 211At: near term steps towards global access. Nucl Med Biol. 2021;100\u2011101:12\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2021.05.007.","journal-title":"Nucl Med Biol"},{"key":"7950_CR22","first-page":"1508","volume":"42","author":"MR Zalutsky","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zalutsky MR, Reardon DA, Larsen RH, Bigner DD. High\u2011level production of \u03b1\u2011particle\u2011emitting 211At and preparation of 211At\u2011labeled antibodies for clinical use. J Nucl Med. 2001;42:1508\u201315.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7950_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41181-026-00428-0","volume":"11","author":"S Lindegren","year":"2026","unstructured":"Lindegren S, Jensen H, Van de Maele H, et al. Solving the limited availability of Astatine-211 from a European perspective: from production to the end user. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem. 2026;11(1):15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41181-026-00428-0.","journal-title":"EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem"},{"key":"7950_CR24","first-page":"700","volume":"46","author":"OR Pozzi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pozzi OR, Zalutsky MR. Radiopharmaceutical chemistry of targeted radiotherapeutics, Part 1: solvent effects on degradation of radiohalogenation precursors by 211At \u03b1\u2011particles. J Nucl Med. 2005;46:700\u20136.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"7950_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.106.038505","volume":"48","author":"OR Pozzi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pozzi OR, Zalutsky MR. Radiopharmaceutical chemistry of targeted radiotherapeutics, Part 3: \u03b1\u2011particle\u2013induced radiolytic effects on the chemical behavior of 211At. J Nucl Med. 2007;48:1190\u20136.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"7950_CR26","first-page":"511","volume":"35","author":"G Vaidyanathan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vaidyanathan G, Zalutsky MR, et al. Labeling monoclonal antibody with \u03b1\u2011emitting 211At at high activity levels via a Tin precursor. Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2020;35:511\u20139.","journal-title":"Cancer Biother Radiopharm"},{"key":"7950_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56272-7","volume":"9","author":"MJ O\u2019Hara","year":"2019","unstructured":"O\u2019Hara MJ, Krzysko AJ, Hamlin DK, Li Y, Dorman EF, Wilbur DS. Development of an autonomous solvent extraction system to isolate Astatine\u2011211 from dissolved cyclotron\u2011bombarded Bismuth targets. Sci Rep. 2019;9:20318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-56272-7.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"7950_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radphyschem.2024.112146","volume":"225","author":"MB Sevenois","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sevenois MB, Jensen HJ, Haddad F, B\u00e4ck T, D\u2019Huyvetter M, Navarro L, et al. Optimised solid\u2011phase extraction of 211At: activity balance of 211At, 210At and 210Po after wet chemistry target dissolution. Radiat Phys Chem. 2024;225:112146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radphyschem.2024.112146.","journal-title":"Radiat Phys Chem"},{"key":"7950_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2025.109573","author":"R Fouinneteau","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fouinneteau R, Galland N, Perrio C, et al. Recent advances in understanding and improving the stability of 211At\u2011radiopharmaceuticals. Nucl Med Biol. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2025.109573.","journal-title":"Nucl Med Biol"},{"key":"7950_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41181-024-00257-z","volume":"9","author":"S Naka","year":"2024","unstructured":"Naka S, Ooe K, Shirakami Y, et al. Production of [211At]NaAt solution under GMP compliance for investigator\u2011initiated clinical trial. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem. 2024;9:29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41181-024-00257-z.","journal-title":"EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem"},{"key":"7950_CR31","unstructured":"IATA. Dangerous goods regulations. Latest edition."},{"key":"7950_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ICRP Publication 116. Conversion coefficients for radiological protection. 2010. rapport ICRP. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.icrp.2011.10.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icrp.2011.10.001"},{"key":"7950_CR33","unstructured":"IAEA. Regulations for the safe transport of radioactive material (SSR\u20116). 2018 edition."},{"key":"7950_CR34","unstructured":"UNECE. European agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by road (ADR). Latest version."},{"issue":"12","key":"7950_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.125.270810","volume":"66","author":"T Watabe","year":"2025","unstructured":"Watabe T, Mukai K, Naka S, et al. First\u2011in\u2011human study of [211At]NaAt as targeted \u03b1\u2011therapy in patients with radioiodine\u2011refractory thyroid cancer (Alpha\u2011T1 Trial). J Nucl Med. 2025;66(12):1941\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.125.270810.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00259-026-07950-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00259-026-07950-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00259-026-07950-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T18:07:30Z","timestamp":1785521250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00259-026-07950-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["7950"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-026-07950-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-7070","1619-7089"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-7070","type":"print"},{"value":"1619-7089","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"NA.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"NA.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"NA.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to publish","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors are members of the Accelerate.EU consortium, funded through the Innovative Health Initiative Joint Undertaking (IHI JU), a public\u2013private partnership supported by the European Union and industry associations (COCIR, EFPIA, EuropaBio, MedTech Europe, Vaccines Europe). Industrial partners IBA, Tetrakit and LabLogic provide in\u2011kind contributions to the project. The authors note that Accelerate.EU operates within a pre\u2011competitive, non\u2011commercial research framework, and they receive no personal financial benefit from industry participation. These affiliations did not influence the content of this editorial. No additional competing interests are declared.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}