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This study aims to establish age- and sex-specific reference ranges for resting MBF (rMBF), stress MBF (sMBF), and MFR using\n                      <jats:sup>82<\/jats:sup>\n                      Rb PET in healthy adults.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data from four cohorts of 277 carefully screened healthy adults (143 women, 134 men) aged 19\u201379 years were examined with an identical\n                      <jats:sup>82<\/jats:sup>\n                      Rb PET protocol on the same scanner. Global rMBF, sMBF, and MFR were quantified with a 1-tissue compartment model. Age- and sex-specific percentiles were derived using natural spline regressions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Median [IQR] rMBF was 1.00 [0.82; 1.18] mL\/g\/min, sMBF was 3.25 [2.82; 3.58] mL\/g\/min, and MFR was 3.18 [2.77; 3.86]. The rMBF increased with age (~\u20091% per year), while sMBF and MFR decreased with age (sMBF ~-0.1%, MFR ~ -0.6% per year). Women had higher rMBF and sMBF, but lower MFR than men. Age- and sex-specific percentile curves (5\u201395%) demonstrated substantial physiologic variation in rMBF, sMBF, and MFR across the adult lifespan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study establishes reference percentiles for rMBF, sMBF, and MFR derived from a uniform multicohort dataset of healthy adults, aged 19\u201379 years. These values may aid clinical interpretation of quantitative perfusion PET. These reference percentiles are intended to complement \u2013 rather than replace \u2013 validated prognostic thresholds for sMBF and MFR. As the population was almost exclusively Euro-Caucasian with body mass index in the normal to moderately overweight range, validation in more diverse cohorts is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-026-07983-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T07:14:12Z","timestamp":1780730052000},"page":"6075-6084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Establishing normal myocardial blood flow and myocardial flow reserve values: a rubidium-82 positron emission tomography study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3262-0146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin Lyngby","family":"Lassen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels H\u00f8eg","family":"Brandt-Jacobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Slomka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tine W.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeliz","family":"Bulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Kistorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Kjaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Hasbak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"7983_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz389","volume":"41","author":"KK Patel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Patel KK, Spertus JA, Chan PS, Sperry BW, Badarin F, Al, Kennedy KF, et al. 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Front Neurosci [Internet]. 2017;11:396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2017.00396.","journal-title":"Front Neurosci [Internet]"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00259-026-07983-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00259-026-07983-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00259-026-07983-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T18:17:57Z","timestamp":1785521877000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00259-026-07983-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["7983"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-026-07983-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-7070","1619-7089"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-7070","type":"print"},{"value":"1619-7089","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant Danish regulations. For the retrospective kidney donor cohort included as part of institutional quality assurance, approval was granted by the Capital Region of Denmark Research Legal Office (p-2024-18048), which waived the requirement for informed consent. For the prospective cohorts, the relevant ethical approvals were obtained, and informed consent was obtained from all participants [\n                      \n                      \u2013\n                      \n                      ].","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the prospective research cohorts [\n                      \n                      \u2013\n                      \n                      ]. For the retrospective kidney donor cohort included as part of institutional quality assurance, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Capital Region of Denmark Research Legal Office (p-2024-18048).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person\u2019s identifiable data, images, or videos.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to publish","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}