{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T07:19:26Z","timestamp":1787987966672,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Rationale<\/jats:title>\n Effective prognostic biomarkers in Non-specific Interstitial Pneumonitis (NSIP) are limited.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n To investigate the potential of [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]FDG PET\/CT to predict mortality in NSIP and to assess its relationship with physiological indices and the Interstitial Lung Disease \u2013 Gender-Age-Physiology (ILD-GAP) score.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Ninety-six patients with a multidisciplinary team-confirmed diagnosis of NSIP (40 male, 56 female; mean age 59.8\u2009\u00b1\u20099.8 years) underwent baseline [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]FDG PET\/CT and 83 patients completed full pulmonary function testing. Pulmonary uptake of [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]FDG was quantified using region-of-interest analysis as the maximum uptake in diseased lung (SUV\n max<\/jats:sub>\n ) and the background uptake in visually normal lung (SUV\n min<\/jats:sub>\n ). A target-to-background (TBR) ratio was calculated as SUV\n max<\/jats:sub>\n \/SUV\n min<\/jats:sub>\n . Kaplan-Meier survival analysis examined associations between the [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]FDG PET\/CT metrics, the pulmonary function tests and ILD-GAP scores. Stepwise forward Wald multivariable Cox regression assessed independence of the significant [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]FDG PET\/CT parameters from the ILD-GAP index. The modified ILD-GAP (mGAP) models were generated by incorporating the [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]FDG PET\/CT data into the ILD-GAP index.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n 65 patients died during a mean follow up of 83.2\u2009\u00b1\u200948.2 months. Mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD SUV\n max,<\/jats:sub>\n SUV\n min<\/jats:sub>\n and TBR were 3.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2, 0.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3 and 6.0\u2009\u00b1\u20092.4, respectively. Mortality was associated with higher SUV\n max<\/jats:sub>\n (median cutoff\u2009\u2265\u20092.9,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.038) and higher SUV\n min<\/jats:sub>\n (optimised cutoff\u2009\u2265\u20090.675,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001), whereas TBR was not prognostic (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.48). Multivariable Cox regression confirmed median SUV\n max<\/jats:sub>\n as independent of ILD-GAP index (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.031), although optimised SUV\n min<\/jats:sub>\n was not independent. Incorporating either parameter into a modified ILD-GAP model improved survival stratification compared with ILD-GAP index alone (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01, log-rank test).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n High pulmonary [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]FDG PET\/CT uptake predicts increased mortality in NSIP. Median SUV\n max<\/jats:sub>\n is an independent predictor of mortality and adding [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]FDG PET\/CT parameters to the ILD-GAP index enhances prognostic discrimination. These findings support a disease-specific interpretation of [\n 18<\/jats:sup>\n F]FDG PET\/CT metrics in ILD, where SUV\n max<\/jats:sub>\n and SUV\n min<\/jats:sub>\n are dominant prognostic markers in diffuse NSIP.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-026-08052-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:56:58Z","timestamp":1784941018000},"page":"6641-6650","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pulmonary [18F]FDG uptake demonstrates phenotypic PET behaviour in non-specific interstitial pneumonitis and refines risk stratification"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Hannah","family":"Torlot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balaji","family":"Ganeshan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thida","family":"Win","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Garthwaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke R.","family":"Hoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darren","family":"Walls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Endozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert I.","family":"Shortman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Fraioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Screaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7307-169X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna C.","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley M.","family":"Groves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"8052_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s71","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.16-6-s71","volume":"16","author":"TA Mikolasch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mikolasch TA, Garthwaite HS, Porter JC. 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Ethical approval was granted by the London-Harrow Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 06\/Q0505\/22).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed, written consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors affirm that research participants provided informed consent for publication of the images in Fig.\u00a0\n \n .","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}