{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:19:03Z","timestamp":1782231543569,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,18]],"date-time":"2014-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416268800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Abdom Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-014-0297-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]],"date-time":"2014-11-21T09:15:46Z","timestamp":1416561346000},"page":"1858-1870","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Subperitoneal extension of disease processes between the chest, abdomen, and the pelvis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Sherif","family":"Osman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Moshiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy J.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Gunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Lehnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Sundarkumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas S.","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"297_CR1","unstructured":"Moore KL (2013) The developing human: clinically oriented embryology, Chap 8. In: Body cavities and diaphragm, 9th edn. Philadelphia: Saunders, pp 145\u2013157"},{"key":"297_CR2","unstructured":"Sadler TW (2012) Langman\u2019s medical embryology, Chap 7. In: The gut tube and the body cavities, 12th edn. Baltimore: Wolters Kluwer Health, pp 86\u201395"},{"key":"297_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s002619900482","volume":"24","author":"M Oliphant","year":"1999","unstructured":"Oliphant M, Berne AS, Meyers MA (1999) The subserous thoracoabdominal continuum: embryologic basis and diagnostic imaging of disease spread. Abdom Imaging 24:211\u2013219","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"key":"297_CR4","unstructured":"Meyers MA (2011) Dynamic radiology of the abdomen, normal and pathologic anatomy, Chap 3. In: Clinical anatomy of the abdomen, 6th edn. New York: Springer, pp 23\u201340"},{"key":"297_CR5","unstructured":"Brunicardi FC (2010) Schwartz\u2019s principles of surgery, Chap 25. In: Esophagus and diaphragmatic hernia, 9th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill"},{"key":"297_CR6","volume-title":"Skandalakis\u2019 surgical anatomy, Chap 15. In: Stomach","author":"JE Skandalakis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Skandalakis JE (2004) Skandalakis\u2019 surgical anatomy, Chap 15. In: Stomach. New York: McGraw-Hill"},{"key":"297_CR7","first-page":"18","volume":"51","author":"MAH Al-Motabagani","year":"2002","unstructured":"Al-Motabagani MAH (2002) An anatomical study of the phrenoesophageal ligament. J Anat Soc India 51:18\u201322","journal-title":"J Anat Soc India"},{"key":"297_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.131.2.271","volume":"131","author":"PK Kleinman","year":"1978","unstructured":"Kleinman PK, Brill PW, Whalen JP (1978) Anterior pathway for transdiaphragmatic extension of pneumomediastinum. AJR 131:271\u2013275","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"297_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.167.3.8751691","volume":"167","author":"EJ Balthazar","year":"1996","unstructured":"Balthazar EJ, Moore SL (1996) CT evaluation of infradiaphragmatic air in patients treated with mechanically assisted ventilation: a potential source of error. AJR 167:731\u2013734","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"297_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-012-1022-7","volume":"19","author":"MT Heller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Heller MT, Haarer KA, Thomas E, Thaete F (2012) Acute conditions affecting the perinephric space: imaging anatomy, pathways of disease spread, and differential diagnosis. Emerg Radiol 19:245\u2013254","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"key":"297_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2005.11.024","volume":"17","author":"E Shleyfer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shleyfer E, Nevzorov R, Jotkowitz AB, et al. (2006) Urinothorax: an unexpected cause of pleural effusion. Eur J Intern Med 17:300\u201330210","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"297_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1159\/000080642","volume":"71","author":"E Garcia-Pachon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Garcia-Pachon E, Padilla-Navas I (2004) Urinothorax: case report and review of the literature with emphasis on biochemical diagnosis. Respiration 71:533\u2013536","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"297_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.4065\/78.11.1433","volume":"78","author":"K Ray","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ray K, Rattan S, Yohannes T (2003) Urinothorax: unexpected cause of a pleural effusion. Mayo Clin Proc 78:1433\u20131434","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"297_CR14","first-page":"112","volume":"9","author":"RM Gore","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gore RM, Newmark GM, Thakrar KH, Mehta UK, Berlin JW (2009) Pathways of abdominal tumour spread: the role of the subperitoneal space. Cancer Imaging 9:112\u2013120","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"key":"297_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.167.6.8956573","volume":"167","author":"M Oliphant","year":"1996","unstructured":"Oliphant M, Berne AS, Meyers MA (1996) The subperitoneal space of the abdomen and pelvis: planes of continuity. AJR 167:1433\u20131439","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"297_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.253045145","volume":"25","author":"PJ Pickhardt","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pickhardt PJ, Bhalla S (2005) Unusual nonneoplastic peritoneal and subperitoneal conditions: CT findings. Radiographics 25:719\u2013730","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"1","key":"297_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.200.1.8657951","volume":"200","author":"EP Molmenti","year":"1996","unstructured":"Molmenti EP, et al. (1996) Anatomy of the retroperitoneum: observations of the distribution of pathologic fluid collections. Radiology 200(1):95\u2013103","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"297_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2013.02.001","volume":"42","author":"S Osman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Osman S, Lehnert BE, Elojeimy S, et al. (2013) A comprehensive review of the retroperitoneal anatomy, neoplasms, and pattern of disease spread. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 42:191\u2013208","journal-title":"Curr Probl Diagn Radiol"},{"key":"297_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.218.3.r01fe17659","volume":"218","author":"FJ Thornton","year":"2001","unstructured":"Thornton FJ, Kandiah SS, Monkhouse WS, Lee MJ (2001) Helical CT evaluation of the perirenal space and its boundaries: a cadaveric study. Radiology 218:659\u2013663","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"297_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.168.3.9057506","volume":"168","author":"RI Aizenstein","year":"1997","unstructured":"Aizenstein RI, Wilbur AC, O\u2019Neal HK, et al. (1997) Interfascial and perinephric pathways in the spread of retroperitoneal disease: refined concepts based on CT observations. AJR 168:639\u2013643","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"297_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-009-0809-7","volume":"17","author":"SL Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee SL, Ku YM, Rha SE (2010) Comprehensive reviews of the interfascial plane of the retroperitoneum: normal anatomy and pathologic entities. Emerg Radiol 17:3\u201311","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"key":"297_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.175.2.1750363","volume":"175","author":"RM Gore","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gore RM, Balfe DM, Aizenstein RI, Silverman PM (2000) The great escape: interfacial decompression planes of the retroperitoneum. AJR 175:363\u2013370","journal-title":"AJR"},{"issue":"3","key":"297_CR23","first-page":"595","volume":"59","author":"K Ishikawa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ishikawa K, et al. (2005) Traumatic retroperitoneal hematoma spreads through the interfascial planes. J Trauma 59(3):595\u2013607 (discussion 607\u20138)","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"297_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2003.11.020","volume":"50","author":"M Scialpi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Scialpi M, Scaglione M, Angelelli G, et al. (2004) Emergencies in the retroperitoneum: assessment of spread of disease by helical CT. Eur J Radiol 50:74\u201383","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"297_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.159.2.2938210","volume":"159","author":"YH Auh","year":"1986","unstructured":"Auh YH, et al. (1986) Extraperitoneal paravesical spaces: CT delineation with US correlation. Radiology 159(2):319\u2013328","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"297_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.202.2.9015084","volume":"202","author":"JF Mastromatteo","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mastromatteo JF, Mindell HJ, Mastromatteo MF, et al. (1997) Communications of the pelvic extraperitoneal spaces and their relation to the abdominal extraperitoneal spaces: helical CT cadaver study with pelvic extraperitoneal injections. Radiology 202:523\u2013530","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"297_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2013.01.010","volume":"68","author":"SW Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim SW, Kim HC, Yang DM, Min GE (2013) The prevesical space: anatomical review and pathological conditions. Clin Radiol 68:733\u2013740","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"297_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2006.11.012","volume":"62","author":"AM O\u2019Connell","year":"2007","unstructured":"O\u2019Connell AM, Duddy L, Lee C, Lee MJ (2007) CT of pelvic extraperitoneal spaces: an anatomical study in cadavers. Clin Radiol 62:432\u2013438","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"297_CR29","first-page":"234","volume-title":"Trauma radiology companion: methods, guidelines, and imaging fundamentals","author":"MM Bittle","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bittle MM, Gunn ML, Gross JA, Stern EJ (2012) Trauma radiology companion: methods, guidelines, and imaging fundamentals. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp 234\u2013239"},{"key":"297_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(98)80213-4","volume":"53","author":"M Hashimoto","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hashimoto M, Okane K, Hirano H, Watarai J (1998) Pictorial review: Subperitoneal spaces of the broad ligament and sigmoid mesocolon-imaging findings. Clin Radiol 53:875\u2013881","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"297_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.e34","volume":"29","author":"R Vikram","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vikram R, Balachandran A, Bhosale PR, et al. (2009) Pancreas: peritoneal reflections, ligamentous connections, and pathways of disease spread. Radiographics 29:e34","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"297_CR32","unstructured":"Meyers MA (2011) Dynamic radiology of the abdomen, normal and pathologic anatomy, Chap 4. Mechanism of spread of disease in the abdomen and pelvis, 6th edn. New York: Springer, pp 41\u201368"},{"key":"297_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2009.10.1.63","volume":"10","author":"SH Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim SH, Shin SS, Jeong YY, et al. (2009) Gastrointestinal tract perforation: MDCT findings according to the perforation sites. Korean J Radiol 10:63\u201370","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"297_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.4174\/jkss.2011.80.Suppl1.S17","volume":"80","author":"PW Choi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Choi PW (2011) Pneumomediastinum caused by colonic diverticulitis perforation. J Korean Surg Soc 80(Suppl 1):S17\u2013S20","journal-title":"J Korean Surg Soc"},{"key":"297_CR35","first-page":"74","volume":"71","author":"D Murariu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Murariu D, Tatsuno BK, Tom MK, You JS, Maldini G (2012) Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum and pneumoretroperitoneum secondary to sigmoid perforation: a case report. Hawaii J Med Public Health 71:74\u201377","journal-title":"Hawaii J Med Public Health"},{"key":"297_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1626-2-120","volume":"2","author":"K Alexiou","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alexiou K, Sakellaridis T, Sikalias N, et al. (2009) Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum and pneumoperitoneum after unsuccessful ERCP: a case report. Cases J 2:120","journal-title":"Cases J"},{"key":"297_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W20","DOI":"10.1308\/147870807X188506","volume":"89","author":"K Marwan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Marwan K, Farmer KC, Varley C, Chapple KS (2007) Pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, pneumoretroperitoneum and subcutaneous emphysema following diagnostic colonoscopy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 89:W20\u2013W21","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"297_CR38","first-page":"496890","volume":"2009","author":"N Scichilone","year":"2009","unstructured":"Scichilone N, Buttacavoli M, Camarda G, et al. (2009) A 15-year-old boy with anterior chest pain, progressive dyspnea, and subcutaneous emphysema of the neck. J Allergy (Cairo) 2009:496890","journal-title":"J Allergy (Cairo)"},{"key":"297_CR39","first-page":"233","volume":"54","author":"JL Canivet","year":"2003","unstructured":"Canivet JL, Yans T, Piret S, Frere P, Beguin Y (2003) Barotrauma-induced tension pneumoperitoneum. Acta Anaesthesiol Belg 54:233\u2013236","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Belg"},{"key":"297_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1673.2004.01244.x","volume":"48","author":"ES Koh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Koh ES, Chapeikin G (2004) Anterior infradiaphragmatic free gas following bronchial rupture: case report and literature review. Australas Radiol 48:58\u201360","journal-title":"Australas Radiol"},{"key":"297_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2012.62.5.488","volume":"62","author":"WH Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim WH, Kim BH (2012) Bilateral pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, pneumoretroperitoneum, and subcutaneous emphysema after percutaneous tracheostomy: a case report. Korean J Anesthesiol 62:488\u2013492","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"297_CR42","first-page":"392869","volume":"2013","author":"E Lostoridis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lostoridis E, Gkagkalidis K, Varsamis N, et al. (2013) Pneumoscrotum as complication of blunt thoracic trauma: a case report. Case Rep Surg 2013:392869","journal-title":"Case Rep Surg"}],"container-title":["Abdominal Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-014-0297-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00261-014-0297-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-014-0297-4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T12:18:10Z","timestamp":1558700290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00261-014-0297-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,18]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["297"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-014-0297-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0942-8925","1432-0509"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0942-8925","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0509","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,18]]}}}