{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T07:17:17Z","timestamp":1777965437602,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Doctoral Research Foundation of the Lanzhou University Second Hospital","award":["ynbskyjj2015-1-31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ynbskyjj2015-1-31"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Abdom Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02503-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T09:02:36Z","timestamp":1586422956000},"page":"3569-3580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Multiple metabolic parameters and visual assessment of 18F-FDG uptake heterogeneity of PET\/CT in advanced gastric cancer and primary gastric lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Yixuan","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaofang","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aiqi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiangyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2503_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21442","volume":"68","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. (2018) Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 68: 7-30.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2503_CR2","first-page":"127","volume":"11","author":"T Kajitani","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kajitani T. (1981) The general rules for the gastric cancer study in surgery and pathology. Part I. Clinical classification. Jpn J Surg 11: 127-139.","journal-title":"Clinical classification. Jpn J Surg"},{"key":"2503_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.1149","volume":"14","author":"G Maconi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maconi G, Manes G, Porro GB. (2008) Role of symptoms in diagnosis and outcome of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 14: 1149-1155.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2503_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v10.i1.5","volume":"10","author":"AM Al-Akwaa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Al-Akwaa AM, Siddiqui N, Al-Mofleh IA. (2004)Primary gastric lymphoma. World J Gastroenterol 10: 5-11.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2503_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i6.697","volume":"17","author":"P Ghimire","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ghimire P, Wu GY, Zhu L. (2011) Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma. World J Gastroenterol 17: 697-707.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2503_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/1073274818778256","volume":"25","author":"LM Ju\u00e1rez-Salcedo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ju\u00e1rez-Salcedo LM, Sokol L, Chavez JC, Dalia S. (2018)Primary Gastric Lymphoma, Epidemiology, Clinical Diagnosis, and Treatment. Cancer Control 25: 1-12.","journal-title":"Cancer Control"},{"key":"2503_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-006-9244-0","volume":"14","author":"H Medina-Franco","year":"2007","unstructured":"Medina-Franco H, Germes SS, Maldonado CL. (2007)Prognostic factors in primary gastric lymphoma. Ann Surg Oncol 14: 2239-2245.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2503_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4250","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004250","volume":"95","author":"YG Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang YG, Zhao LY, Liu CQ, et al. (2016)Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of primary gastric lymphoma: A retrospective study with 165 cases. Medicine (Baltimore) 95: e4250.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2503_CR9","first-page":"539","volume":"27","author":"WJ Fan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fan WJ, Lu YC, Liu LZ, et al. (2008)Comparison of CT findings between gastric cancer and gastric lymphoma. Chin J Cancer 27: 539-543.","journal-title":"Chin J Cancer"},{"key":"2503_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00198248","volume":"19","author":"CK Chou","year":"1994","unstructured":"Chou CK, Chen LT, Sheu RS, et al. (1994)MRI manifestations of gastrointestinal lymphoma. Abdom Imaging 19: 495-500.","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"key":"2503_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.17235\/reed.2017.4882\/2017","volume":"109","author":"X Cui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cui X, Zhou T, Jiang D, et al. (2017)Clinical manifestations and endoscopic presentations of gastric lymphoma: a multicenter seven year retrospective survey. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 109: 566-571.","journal-title":"Rev Esp Enferm Dig"},{"key":"2503_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.4103\/2303-9027.201086","volume":"6","author":"HH Okasha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Okasha HH, Naguib M, El NM, et al. (2017)Role of endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic-ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in endoscopic biopsy negative gastrointestinal lesions. Endosc Ultrasound 6: 156-161.","journal-title":"Endosc Ultrasound"},{"key":"2503_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12980","volume":"30","author":"A Maekawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maekawa A, Kato M, Nakamura T, et al. (2018)Incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma among lesions diagnosed as low-grade adenoma\/dysplasia on endoscopic biopsy: A multicenter, prospective, observational study. Dig Endosc 30: 228-235.","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"2503_CR14","first-page":"4915","volume":"16","author":"Y Ye","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ye Y, Tan S. (2018)Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy for diagnosis of gastric linitis plastica with negative malignant endoscopy biopsies. Oncol Lett 16: 4915-4920.","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"2503_CR15","first-page":"527","volume":"79","author":"K Kitajima","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kitajima K, Nakajo M, Kaida H, et al. (2017)Present and future roles of FDG-PET\/CT imaging in the management of gastrointestinal cancer: an update. Nagoya J Med Sci 79: 527-543.","journal-title":"Nagoya J Med Sci"},{"key":"2503_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2490","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-018-5904-2","volume":"29","author":"JM Findlay","year":"2019","unstructured":"Findlay JM, Antonowicz S, Segaran A, et al. (2019)Routinely staging gastric cancer with 18F-FDG PET-CT detects additional metastases and predicts early recurrence and death after surgery. Eur Radiol 29: 2490-2498.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2503_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-019-04917-z","volume":"43","author":"T Yoh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yoh T, Seo S, Morino K, et al. (2019)Reappraisal of Prognostic Impact of Tumor SUVmax by 18F-FDG-PET\/CT in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg 43: 1323-1331.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"2503_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0000000000002440","volume":"44","author":"C Qin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qin C, Yang S, Sun X, Xia X, Li C, Lan X. (2019)18F-FDG PET\/CT for Prognostic Stratification of Patients With Extranodal Natural Killer\/T-Cell Lymphoma. Clin Nucl Med 44: 201-208.","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"key":"2503_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li XF, Fu Q, Dong YW, et al. (2016)(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography\/computed tomography comparison of gastric lymphoma and gastric carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 22: 7787-96.","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i34.7787"},{"key":"2503_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e50914","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050914","volume":"7","author":"L Fu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fu L, Li H, Wang H, Xu B, Fan Y, Tian J. (2012)SUVmax\/THKmax as a biomarker for distinguishing advanced gastric carcinoma from primary gastric lymphoma. PLoS One 7: e50914.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2503_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-011-0562-3","volume":"26","author":"T Watabe","year":"2012","unstructured":"Watabe T, Tatsumi M, Watabe H, et al. (2012)Intratumoral heterogeneity of F-18 FDG uptake differentiates between gastrointestinal stromal tumors and abdominal malignant lymphomas on PET\/CT. Ann Nucl Med 26: 222-227.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"key":"2503_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.113.133389","volume":"55","author":"F Tixier","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tixier F, Hatt M, Valla C, et al. (2014)Visual versus quantitative assessment of intratumor 18F-FDG PET uptake heterogeneity: prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer. J Nucl Med 55: 1235-1241.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"2503_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.02.009","volume":"27","author":"J Ye","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ye J, Ren Y, Wei Z, et al. (2018)External validation of a modified 8th AJCC TNM system for advanced gastric cancer: Long-term results in southern China. Surg Oncol 27: 146-153.","journal-title":"Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2503_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2013.12.020","volume":"83","author":"K Miwa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miwa K, Inubushi M, Wagatsuma K, et al. (2014)FDG uptake heterogeneity evaluated by fractal analysis improves the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules. Eur J Radiol 83: 715-719.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"2503_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1604208","volume":"66","author":"M Tomita","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tomita M, Ayabe T, Tsuchiya K, Nakamura K. (2018)Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Can Provide Useful Information for Differentiating Thymic Epithelial Tumors. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 66: 345-349.","journal-title":"Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2503_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52307","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.10740","volume":"7","author":"Matias Riihim\u00e4ki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Matias Riihim\u00e4ki, Hemminki A, Sundquist K, et al. (2016)Metastatic spread in patients with gastric cancer[J]. Oncotarget 7:52307-52316.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2503_CR27","first-page":"103","volume":"78","author":"Y Ichiyoshi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ichiyoshi Y, Toda T, Nagasaki S, et al. (1993)Surgical approaches in primary gastric lymphoma and carcinoma[J]. International surgery 78:103-106.","journal-title":"International surgery"},{"key":"2503_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198911000-00005","volume":"210","author":"K Maruyama","year":"1989","unstructured":"Maruyama K, Gunv\u00e9n P, Okabayashi K, et al. (1989)Lymph node metastases of gastric cancer. General pattern in 1931 patients.[J]. Annals of Surgery 210:596-602.","journal-title":"Annals of Surgery"},{"key":"2503_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12599","volume":"61","author":"M Dong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dong M, Liu J, Sun X, Xing L. (2017)Prognositc significance of SUVmax on pretreatment 18 F-FDG PET\/CT in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy: A meta-analysis. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 61: 652-659.","journal-title":"J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"2503_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-002-1029-5","volume":"30","author":"A Stahl","year":"2003","unstructured":"Stahl A, Ott K, Weber W, et al. (2003)FDG PET imaging of locally advanced gastric carcinomas: correlation with endoscopic and histopathological findings[J]. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 30:288-295.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"2503_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-005-1887-8","volume":"33","author":"SK Kim","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kim S K, Kang K\u00a0W, Lee J S, et al. (2006)Assessment of lymph node metastases using18F-FDG PET in patients with advanced gastric cancer[J]. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging 33:148-155.","journal-title":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging"},{"key":"2503_CR32","first-page":"1","volume":"44","author":"D Albano","year":"2016","unstructured":"Albano D, Bertoli M, Ferro P, et al. (2016)18F-FDG PET\/CT in gastric MALT lymphoma: a bicentric experience[J]. European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging 44:1-9.","journal-title":"European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging"},{"key":"2503_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13550-019-0483-z","volume":"9","author":"C McF","year":"2019","unstructured":"MCF C, SVS G, Frings V, et al. (2019)Partial-volume correction in dynamic PET-CT: effect on tumor kinetic parameter estimation and validation of simplified metrics. EJNMMI Res 9: 12.","journal-title":"EJNMMI Res"},{"key":"2503_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2015.02.014","volume":"360","author":"S Shi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shi S, Ji S, Qin Y, et al. (2015)Metabolic tumor burden is associated with major oncogenomic alterations and serum tumor markers in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 360: 227-233.","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"2503_CR35","first-page":"22","volume":"5","author":"T Morita","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morita T, Tatsumi M, Ishibashi M, et al. (2017)Assessment of Mediastinal Tumors Using SUVmax and Volumetric Parameters on FDG-PET\/CT. Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol 5: 22-29.","journal-title":"Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol"},{"key":"2503_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.115.159913","volume":"56","author":"JA Husby","year":"2015","unstructured":"Husby JA, Reitan BC, Biermann M, et al. (2015)Metabolic Tumor Volume on 18F-FDG PET\/CT Improves Preoperative Identification of High-Risk Endometrial Carcinoma Patients. J Nucl Med 56: 1191-1198.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"2503_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-016-3506-2","volume":"44","author":"M Nakajo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nakajo M, Jinguji M, Nakabeppu Y, et al. (2017)Texture analysis of 18F-FDG PET\/CT to predict tumour response and prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer treated by chemoradiotherapy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 44: 206-214.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"2503_CR38","first-page":"226407","volume":"119","author":"SH Yoo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yoo SH, Kang SY, Cheon GJ, Oh DY, Bang YJ. (2019)Predictive Role of Temporal Changes in Intratumoral Metabolic Heterogeneity during Palliative Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Nucl Med 119:226407.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"2503_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0201546","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201546","volume":"13","author":"F Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu F, Wang Z, Zhou X, et al.(2018)Genetic heterogeneity and mutational signature in Chinese Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. PLoS One 13:e0201546.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2503_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-09-672352","volume":"127","author":"B Chapuy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chapuy B, Cheng H, Watahiki A, et al. (2016)Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient-derived xenograft models capture the molecular and biological heterogeneity of the disease. Blood 127:2203-2213.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2503_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6018","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06178-9","volume":"29","author":"XU Kahle","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kahle XU, Hovingh M, Noordzij W, et al. (2019)Tumour necrosis as assessed with 18F-FDG PET is a potential prognostic marker in diffuse large B cell lymphoma independent of MYC rearrangements. Eur Radiol 29:6018-6028.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2503_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2019.02.010","volume":"54","author":"J Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang J, Xie Y, Wu Q, Xia Y. (2019)Medical image classification using synergic deep learning. Med Image Anal 54:10-19.","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"}],"container-title":["Abdominal Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02503-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02503-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02503-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T23:14:19Z","timestamp":1617923659000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02503-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["2503"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02503-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2366-004X","2366-0058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2366-004X","type":"print"},{"value":"2366-0058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 April 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review board. Informed written consent was waived given the retrospective nature of the work.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}]}}