{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T04:58:40Z","timestamp":1793336320877,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]],"date-time":"2020-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599868800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]],"date-time":"2020-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Abdom Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the added value of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in monitoring liver function and disease progression in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We retrospectively identified 104 consecutive patients (75 males; mean age 41.98\u2009\u00b1\u200912.5\u00a0years) with confirmed diagnosis of PSC who underwent 227 gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI examinations between January 2008 and May 2019. Relative enhancement (RE) of the liver was correlated with the results of liver function tests (LFTs), scoring models (Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, Mayo Risk Score (MRS), Amsterdam-Oxford model (AOM)), and qualitative MRI findings. In addition, results were analyzed separately for excretory MRI examinations (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009164) and nonexcretory examinations (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200963) depending on excretion of gadoxetic acid into the common bile duct in the hepatobiliary phase (HBP).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was a significant correlation of RE with MRS (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.652), MELD score (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.474), AOM (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.468), and LFTs (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). RE and albumin were significantly higher in the excretory group whereas scoring models, bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and international normalized ratio were lower (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). RE was lower in segments with absent HBP gadoxetic acid excretion into dilated bile ducts, reduced HBP parenchymal enhancement, atrophy, T2 hyperintensity, and bile duct abnormalities (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Relative enhancement of the liver in gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI can be used to evaluate global and regional liver function and monitor disease progression in patients with PSC. Hepatobiliary phase gadoxetic acid biliary excretion appears to be a reproducible qualitative parameter for evaluating disease severity that can be easily integrated into routine clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02731-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]],"date-time":"2020-09-12T04:04:21Z","timestamp":1599883461000},"page":"979-991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in primary sclerosing cholangitis: added value in assessing liver function and monitoring disease progression"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4311-0520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aboelyazid","family":"Elkilany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Geisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timm","family":"Denecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2731_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"R. Chapman, J. Fevery, A. Kalloo, D.M. Nagorney, K.M. Boberg, B. Shneider, G.J. Gores, D. American Association for the Study of Liver, Diagnosis and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis, Hepatology 51(2) (2010) 660-78. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.23294.","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23294"},{"issue":"4","key":"2731_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livres.2017.12.002","volume":"1","author":"JH Tabibian","year":"2017","unstructured":"J.H. Tabibian, C.L. Bowlus, Primary sclerosing cholangitis: A review and update, Liver Res 1(4) (2017) 221-230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.livres.2017.12.002.","journal-title":"Liver Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2731_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.07.022","volume":"67","author":"TH Karlsen","year":"2017","unstructured":"T.H. Karlsen, T. Folseraas, D. Thorburn, M. Vesterhus, Primary sclerosing cholangitis - a comprehensive review, J Hepatol 67(6) (2017) 1298-1323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.07.022.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2731_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.06.012","volume":"71","author":"JC Goet","year":"2019","unstructured":"J.C. Goet, A. Floreani, X. Verhelst, N. Cazzagon, L. Perini, W.J. Lammers, A.C. de Vries, A.J. van der Meer, H.R. van Buuren, B.E. Hansen, Validation, clinical utility and limitations of the Amsterdam-Oxford model for primary sclerosing cholangitis, J Hepatol 71(5) (2019) 992-999. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.06.012.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2731_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24250","volume":"39","author":"H Nilsson","year":"2014","unstructured":"H. Nilsson, L. Blomqvist, L. Douglas, A. Nordell, H. Jacobsson, K. Hagen, A. Bergquist, E. Jonas, Dynamic gadoxetate-enhanced MRI for the assessment of total and segmental liver function and volume in primary sclerosing cholangitis, J Magn Reson Imaging 39(4) (2014) 879-886. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.24250.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"2731_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Lemoinne, N. Cazzagon, S. El Mouhadi, P.J. Trivedi, A. Dohan, A. Kemgang, K. Ben Belkacem, C. Housset, Y. Chretien, C. Corpechot, G. Hirschfield, A. Floreani, R. Motta, B. Gallix, A. Barkun, J. Barkun, O. Chazouilleres, L. Arrive, Simple Magnetic Resonance Scores Associate With Outcomes of Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.03.013.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.03.013"},{"issue":"3","key":"2731_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28963","volume":"65","author":"EM de Vries","year":"2017","unstructured":"E.M. de Vries, M. de Krijger, M. Farkkila, J. Arola, P. Schirmacher, D. Gotthardt, B. Goeppert, P.J. Trivedi, G.M. Hirschfield, H. Ytting, B. Vainer, H.R. Buuren, K. Biermann, M.H. Harms, O. Chazouilleres, D. Wendum, A.D. Kemgang, R.W. Chapman, L.M. Wang, K.D. Williamson, A.S. Gouw, V. Paradis, C. Sempoux, U. Beuers, S.G. Hubscher, J. Verheij, C.Y. Ponsioen, Validation of the prognostic value of histologic scoring systems in primary sclerosing cholangitis: An international cohort study, Hepatology 65(3) (2017) 907-919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.28963.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2731_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.4065\/75.7.688","volume":"75","author":"WR Kim","year":"2000","unstructured":"W.R. Kim, T.M. Therneau, R.H. Wiesner, J.J. Poterucha, J.T. Benson, M. Malinchoc, N.F. LaRusso, K.D. Lindor, E.R. Dickson, A revised natural history model for primary sclerosing cholangitis, Mayo Clin Proc 75(7) (2000) 688-94. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4065\/75.7.688.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"5","key":"2731_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.08.013","volume":"71","author":"PJ Trivedi","year":"2019","unstructured":"P.J. Trivedi, Risk stratification in primary sclerosing cholangitis: It\u2019s time to move on from replicating imperfection and break the glass ceiling, J Hepatol 71(5) (2019) 867-870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.08.013.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2731_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.06.005","volume":"41","author":"E Christensen","year":"2004","unstructured":"E. Christensen, Prognostic models including the Child\u2013Pugh, MELD and Mayo risk scores\u2014where are we and where should we go?, J Hepatol 41(2) (2004) 344-350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.06.005.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2731_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.51.4.562","volume":"51","author":"CY Ponsioen","year":"2002","unstructured":"C.Y. Ponsioen, S.M. Vrouenraets, W. Prawirodirdjo, R. Rajaram, E.A. Rauws, C.J. Mulder, J.B. Reitsma, S.H. Heisterkamp, G.N. Tytgat, Natural history of primary sclerosing cholangitis and prognostic value of cholangiography in a Dutch population, Gut 51(4) (2002) 562-6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.51.4.562.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"09","key":"2731_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1255527","volume":"42","author":"CY Ponsioen","year":"2010","unstructured":"C.Y. Ponsioen, J.B. Reitsma, K.M. Boberg, L. Aabakken, E.A.J. Rauws, E. Schrumpf, Validation of a cholangiographic prognostic model in primary sclerosing cholangitis, Endoscopy 42(09) (2010) 742-747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0030-1255527.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"2","key":"2731_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.22172","volume":"33","author":"PS Kamath","year":"2001","unstructured":"P.S. Kamath, R.H. Wiesner, M. Malinchoc, W. Kremers, T.M. Therneau, C.L. Kosberg, G. D\u2019Amico, E.R. Dickson, W.R. Kim, A model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease, Hepatology 33(2) (2001) 464-70. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jhep.2001.22172.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2731_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.02.010","volume":"40","author":"A Said","year":"2004","unstructured":". Said, J. Williams, J. Holden, P. Remington, R. Gangnon, A. Musat, M.R. Lucey, Model for end stage liver disease score predicts mortality across a broad spectrum of liver disease, J Hepatol 40(6) (2004) 897-903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.02.010.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2731_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.1.134","volume":"52","author":"F Botta","year":"2003","unstructured":"F. Botta, E. Giannini, P. Romagnoli, A. Fasoli, F. Malfatti, B. Chiarbonello, E. Testa, D. Risso, G. Colla, R. Testa, MELD scoring system is useful for predicting prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis and is correlated with residual liver function: a European study, Gut 52(1) (2003) 134-139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.52.1.134.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"10","key":"2731_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-313681","volume":"67","author":"EM de Vries","year":"2018","unstructured":"E.M. de Vries, J. Wang, K.D. Williamson, M.M. Leeflang, K. Boonstra, R.K. Weersma, U. Beuers, R.W. Chapman, R.B. Geskus, C.Y. Ponsioen, A novel prognostic model for transplant-free survival in primary sclerosing cholangitis, Gut 67(10) (2018) 1864-1869. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-313681.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"6","key":"2731_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.02.013","volume":"66","author":"L Aabakken","year":"2017","unstructured":"L. Aabakken, T.H. Karlsen, J. Albert, M. Arvanitakis, O. Chazouilleres, J.-M. Dumonceau, M. F\u00e4rkkil\u00e4, P. Fickert, G.M. Hirschfield, A. Laghi, M. Marzioni, M. Fernandez, S.P. Pereira, J. Pohl, J.-W. Poley, C.Y. Ponsioen, C. Schramm, F. Swahn, A. Tringali, C. Hassan, Role of endoscopy in primary sclerosing cholangitis: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Clinical Guideline, J Hepatol 66(6) (2017) 1265-1281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.02.013.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2731_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2019.01.003","volume":"43","author":"N Cazzagon","year":"2019","unstructured":"N. Cazzagon, O. Chazouill\u00e8res, C. Corpechot, S. El Mouhadi, E. Chambenois, B. Desaint, U. Chaput, S. Lemoinne, L. Arriv\u00e9, Predictive criteria of response to endoscopic treatment for severe strictures in primary sclerosing cholangitis, Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 43(4) (2019) 387-394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinre.2019.01.003.","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2731_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-3913-y","volume":"26","author":"H Hinrichs","year":"2016","unstructured":"H. Hinrichs, J.B. Hinrichs, M. Gutberlet, H. Lenzen, H.J. Raatschen, F. Wacker, K.I. Ringe, Functional gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), Eur Radiol 26(4) (2016) 1116-24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-015-3913-y.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2731_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"C. Schramm, J. Eaton, K.I. Ringe, S. Venkatesh, J. Yamamura, M.R.I.w.g.o.t. IPSCSG, Recommendations on the use of magnetic resonance imaging in PSC-A position statement from the International PSC Study Group, Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 66(5) (2017) 1675-1688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.29293.","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29293"},{"issue":"1","key":"2731_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24381","volume":"40","author":"KI Ringe","year":"2014","unstructured":"K.I. Ringe, J. Hinrichs, E.M. Merkle, T.J. Weism\u00fcller, F. Wacker, B.C. Meyer, Gadoxetate disodium in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: an analysis of hepatobiliary contrast excretion, J Magn Reson Imaging 40(1) (2014) 106-12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.24381.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"2731_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L. European Association for the Study of the, EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of cholestatic liver diseases, J Hepatol 51(2) (2009) 237-267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.04.009.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.04.009"},{"issue":"5","key":"2731_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2013.12.008","volume":"69","author":"R Nolz","year":"2014","unstructured":"R. Nolz, U. Asenbaum, M. Schoder, A. Wibmer, H. Einspieler, A.M. Prusa, M. Peck-Radosavljevic, A. Ba-Ssalamah, Diagnostic workup of primary sclerosing cholangitis: the benefit of adding gadoxetic acid-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance cholangiography to conventional T2-weighted magnetic resonance cholangiography, Clin Radiol 69(5) (2014) 499-508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crad.2013.12.008.","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2731_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i6.644","volume":"25","author":"EA Selvaraj","year":"2019","unstructured":"E.A. Selvaraj, E.L. Culver, H. Bungay, A. Bailey, R.W. Chapman, M. Pavlides, Evolving role of magnetic resonance techniques in primary sclerosing cholangitis, World J Gastroenterol 25(6) (2019) 644-658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v25.i6.644.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2731_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.238","volume":"22","author":"T Watanabe","year":"2015","unstructured":"T. Watanabe, K. Hirano, M. Tada, H. Isayama, S. Mizuno, T. Arizumi, N. Toda, Y. Sugawara, N. Kokudo, K. Koike, Short-term prognostic factors for primary sclerosing cholangitis, J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 22(6) (2015) 486-490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jhbp.238.","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2731_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.05.011","volume":"17","author":"J Schulze","year":"2019","unstructured":"J. Schulze, H. Lenzen, J.B. Hinrichs, B. Ringe, M.P. Manns, F. Wacker, K.I. Ringe, An Imaging Biomarker for Assessing Hepatic Function in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 17(1) (2019) 192-199.e3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.05.011.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2731_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019190734","volume":"294","author":"N Bastati","year":"2020","unstructured":"N. Bastati, L. Beer, M. Mandorfer, S. Poetter-Lang, D. Tamandl, Y. Bican, M.C. Elmer, H. Einspieler, G. Semmler, B. Simbrunner, M. Weber, J.C. Hodge, F. Vernuccio, C. Sirlin, T. Reiberger, A. Ba-Ssalamah, Does the Functional Liver Imaging Score Derived from Gadoxetic Acid-enhanced MRI Predict Outcomes in Chronic Liver Disease?, Radiology 294(1) (2020) 98-107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2019190734.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2731_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Keller, S.K. Venkatesh, M. Avanesov, J.M. Weinrich, R. Zenouzi, C. Schramm, G. Adam, J. Yamamura, Gadolinium-based relative contrast enhancement in primary sclerosing cholangitis: additional benefit for clinicians?, Clin Radiol 73(7) (2018) 677.e1-677.e6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crad.2018.02.010.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2018.02.010"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-021-03155-z","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]],"date-time":"2021-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625443200000}}],"container-title":["Abdominal Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02731-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02731-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02731-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]],"date-time":"2021-09-11T20:38:44Z","timestamp":1631392724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02731-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["2731"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02731-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["2366-004X","2366-0058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2366-004X","type":"print"},{"value":"2366-0058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 August 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 September 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2021","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The following OA funding note is addressed above reference section: Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 July 2021","order":8,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":9,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":10,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-021-03155-z","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-021-03155-z","order":11,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"PD\u00a0Dr.\u00a0med. Dominik Geisel and Prof. Dr. med. Timm Denecke have received travel\u00a0grant and honoraria from Bayer AG. Beyond that there is nothing to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the IRB. Informed consent was waived by the IRB.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Each author has participated sufficiently in this submission to take public responsibility for its content.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The publication was approved by all authors and the responsible authorities where the work was carried out.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}