{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:26:29Z","timestamp":1761920789930,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81720108021","81601466","31470047","81271534"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81720108021","81601466","31470047","81271534"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81641168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81641168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Abdom Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02801-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T07:03:06Z","timestamp":1603090986000},"page":"1864-1875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Noninvasive DW-MRI metrics for staging hepatic fibrosis and grading inflammatory activity in patients with chronic hepatitis B"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9510-2311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangfang","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8467-9679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1645-3365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiuyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8677-8531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cuiyun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2421-4129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2051-0115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dapeng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1616-8169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9300-7265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaiyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9920-9610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meiyun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2801_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(15)61412-x","volume":"386","author":"A Schweitzer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schweitzer A, Horn J, Mikolajczyk RT, Krause G, Ott JJ (2015) Estimations of worldwide prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: a systematic review of data published between 1965 and 2013. Lancet 386: 1546\u20131555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(15)61412-x","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2801_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30007-4","volume":"3","author":"K Maini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maini K, Pallet JD (2018) T-cell immunity in hepatitis B virus infection: why therapeutic vaccination needs a helping hand. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 3: 192\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30007-4","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2801_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/s2468-1253(18)30056-6","volume":"3","author":"The Polaris Observatory Collaborators","year":"2018","unstructured":"The Polaris Observatory Collaborators (2018) Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 3:383\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2468-1253(18)30056-6","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2801_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S38","DOI":"10.1016\/s0168-8278(02)00429-4","volume":"38","author":"SL Friedman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Friedman SL (2003) Liver fibrosis\u2014from bench to bedside. J Hepatol 38: S38\u2013S53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0168-8278(02)00429-4","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"2801_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.03.001","volume":"134","author":"DS Manning","year":"2008","unstructured":"Manning DS, Afdhal NH (2008) Diagnosis and quantitation of fibrosis. Gastroenterology 134: 1670\u20131681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.03.001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2801_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10100853","volume":"258","author":"K Fujimoto","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fujimoto K, Tonan T, Azuma S, et al. (2011) Evaluation of the Mean and Entropy of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values in Chronic Hepatitis C: Correlation with Pathologic Fibrosis Stage and Inflammatory Activity Grade. Radiology 258: 739\u2013748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.10100853","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2801_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Standish RA, Cholongitas E, Dhillon A, Burroughs AK, Dhillon AP (2006) An appraisal of the histopathological assessment of liver fibrosis. Gut 55: 569\u2013578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.2005.084475","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.084475"},{"key":"2801_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.09.2436","volume":"193","author":"K Sandrasegaran","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sandrasegaran K, Akisik FM, Lin C, et al. (2009) Value of diffusion-weighted MRI for assessing liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 193: 1556\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.09.2436","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2801_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.09090021","volume":"254","author":"B Taouli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Taouli B, Koh DM (2010) Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the liver. Radiology 254: 47\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.09090021","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2801_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1097\/rct.0b013e3182a589be","volume":"38","author":"JH Yoon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yoon JH, Lee JM, Baek JH, et al. (2014) Evaluation of hepatic fibrosis using intravoxel incoherent motion in diffusion-weighted liver MRI. J Comput Assist Tomogr 38: 110\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/rct.0b013e3182a589be","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"2801_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.161.2.3763909","volume":"161","author":"DL Bihan","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bihan DL, Breton E, Lallemand D, et al. (1986) MR imaging of intravoxel incoherent motions: application to diffusion and perfusion in neurologic disorders. Radiology 161: 401\u2013407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiology.161.2.3763909","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2801_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10581","volume":"50","author":"KM Bennett","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bennett KM, Schmainda KM, Bennett RT, et al. (2003) Characterization of continuously distributed cortical water diffusion rates with a stretched-exponential model. Magn Reson Med 50: 727\u2013734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.10581","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"2801_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.168.2.3393671","volume":"168","author":"Bihan De","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bihan De, Breton E, Lallemand D, et al. (1988) Separation of diffusion and perfusion in intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging. Radiology 168: 497\u2013505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiology.168.2.3393671","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2801_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20960","volume":"56","author":"KM Bennett","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bennett KM, Hyde JS, Schmainda KM (2006) Water diffusion heterogeneity index in the human brain is insensitive to the orientation of applied magnetic field gradients. Magn Reson Med 56: 235\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.20960","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"2801_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2011.04.006","volume":"29","author":"SD Santis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Santis SD, Gabrielli A, Palombo M, Maraviglia B, Capuani S (2011) Non-Gaussian diffusionimaging: a brief practical review. Magn Reson Imaging 29: 1410\u20131416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mri.2011.04.006","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"2801_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-017-1263-8","volume":"43","author":"K Sandrasegaran","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sandrasegaran K, Territo P, Elkady RM, et al. (2018) Does intravoxel incoherent motion reliably stage hepatic fibrosis, steatosis, and inflammation? Abdom Radiol 43:600\u2013606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-017-1263-8","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol"},{"key":"2801_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24872","volume":"42","author":"X Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu X, Zhou L, Peng W, Wang H, Zhang Y (2015) Comparison of stretched-exponential and monoexponential model diffusion-weighted imaging in prostate cancer and normal tissues. J Magn Reson Imaging 42: 1078\u20131085. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.24872","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"2801_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-5292-z","volume":"28","author":"N Seo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seo N, Chung YE, Park YN, et al. (2018) Liver fibrosis: stretched exponential model outperforms mono-exponential and bi-exponential models of diffusion-weighted MRI. Eur Radiol 28:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-017-5292-z","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2801_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185114559763","volume":"56","author":"S Chung","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chung S, Lee SS, Kim N, et al. (2015) Intravoxel incoherent motion MRI for liver fibrosis assessment: a pilot study. Acta Radiol 56: 1428\u20131436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0284185114559763","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"2801_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185114559763","volume":"42","author":"M Franca","year":"2017","unstructured":"Franca M, Marti-Bonmati L, Alberich-Bayarri A, et al. (2017) Evaluation of fibrosis and inflammation in diffuse liver diseases using intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MR imaging. Abdom Radiol (NY) 42:468\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0284185114559763","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"2801_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10100621","volume":"259","author":"H Watanabe","year":"2011","unstructured":"Watanabe H, Kanematsu M, Goshima S, et al. (2011) Staging hepatic fibrosis: comparison of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MR imaging-preliminary observations. Radiology 259:142\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.10100621","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2801_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510240201","volume":"24","author":"P Bedossa","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bedossa P, Poynard T (1996) An algorithm for the grading of activity in chronic hepatitis C. The METAVIR Cooperative Study Group. Hepatology 24:289\u2013293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.510240201","journal-title":"The METAVIR Cooperative Study Group. Hepatology"},{"key":"2801_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.4.2247","volume":"275","author":"SL Friedman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Friedman SL (2000) Molecular regulation of hepatic fibrosis, an integrated cellular response to tissue injury. J Biol Chem 275:2247\u20132250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.275.4.2247","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2801_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patel J, Sigmund EE, Rusinek H, et al. (2010) Diagnosis of cirrhosis with intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion MRI and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI alone and in combination: preliminary experience. J Magn Reson Imaging 31: 589\u2013600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.22081","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22081"},{"key":"2801_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2493080080","volume":"249","author":"A Luciani","year":"2008","unstructured":"Luciani A, Vignaud A, Cavet M, et al. (2008) Liver cirrhosis: intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging-pilot study. Radiology 249:891\u2013899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2493080080","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2801_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24234","volume":"39","author":"SW Anderson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Anderson SW, Barry B, Soto J, et al. (2014) Characterizing non-Gaussian, high b-value diffusion in liver fibrosis: stretched exponential and diffusional kurtosis modeling [J]. J Magn Reson Imaging 39: 827\u2013834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.24234","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"8","key":"2801_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02430-9","volume":"45","author":"M Gulbay","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gulbay M, Ciliz DS, Celikbas AK, et al. (2020) Intravoxel incoherent motion parameters in the evaluation of chronic hepatitis B virus\u2011induced hepatic injury: fibrosis and capillarity changes. Abdom Radiol (NY) 45(8):2345\u20132357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02430-9","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"2801_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23607","volume":"36","author":"AM Chow","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chow AM, Gao DS, Fan SJ, et al. (2012) Liver fibrosis: an intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) study. J Magn Reson Imaging 36:159\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.23607","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"2801_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-014-3573-3","volume":"25","author":"JM Winfield","year":"2015","unstructured":"Winfield JM, Desouza NM, Priest AN, et al. (2015) Modelling DW-MRI data from primary and metastatic ovarian tumours. Eur Radiol 25:2033\u20132040. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-014-3573-3","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2801_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25109","volume":"73","author":"AD Cohen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cohen AD, Schieke MC, Hohenwalter MD,Schmainda KM (2015) The effect of low b-values on the intravoxel incoherent motion derived pseudo diffusion parameter in liver. Magn Reson Med 73: 306\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.25109","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"2801_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12111327","volume":"263","author":"EE Sigmund","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sigmund EE, Vivier PH, Sui D, et al. (2012) Intravoxel incoherent motion and diffusion-tensor imaging in renal tissue under hydration and furosemide flow challenges. Radiology 263: 758\u2013769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.12111327","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2801_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bai Y, Lin Y, Tian J, et al. (2016) Grading of gliomas by using monoexponential, biexponential, and stretched exponential diffusion-weighted MR imaging and diffusion kurtosis MR imaging. Radiology 278: 496\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2015142173","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015142173"},{"key":"2801_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.5.697","volume":"50","author":"M Guido","year":"2002","unstructured":"Guido M, Fagiuoli S, Tessari G, et al. (2002) Histology predicts cirrhotic evolution of post-transplant hepatitis C. Gut 50: 697\u2013700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.50.5.697","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2801_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6262","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i20.6262","volume":"20","author":"CM Tang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tang CM, Yau TO, Yu J, (2014) Management of chronic hepatitis B infection: current treatment guidelines, challenges, and new developments. World J Gastroenterol 20: 6262\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v20.i20.6262","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Abdominal Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02801-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02801-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02801-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T05:37:29Z","timestamp":1634621849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02801-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["2801"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-020-02801-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2366-004X","2366-0058"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2366-004X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2366-0058"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 July 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 September 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 September 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 October 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}