{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T00:02:00Z","timestamp":1767139320923,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG3K0541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3K0541"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XMRPG3D0871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XMRPG3D0871"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Abdom Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Uterine fibroids are benign gynecologic tumors and commonly occur in women by the age of 50. Women with symptomatic uterine fibroids generally receive surgical intervention, while they do not favor the invasive therapies. To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MRgHIFU) modality, ArcBlate, in the treatment of uterine fibroids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine patients with uterine fibroids and one patient with adenomyosis were treated with ArcBlate MRgHIFU. Tumor size and quality of life were evaluated postoperatively at 1 and 3\u00a0months by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All patients completed the ArcBlate MRgHIFU procedure and there were no treatment-related adverse effects either during the procedure or during the 3\u00a0months of follow-up. Despite limiting the ablation volume to under 50% of the treated fibroid volume as a safety precaution, tumor volumes were markedly reduced in four patients by 15.78\u201358.87% at 3-month post-treatment. Moreover, SF-36 scale scores had improved at 3\u00a0months from baseline by 2\u20138 points in six patients, indicating relief of symptoms and improved quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evidence demonstrates the safety and feasibility of ArcBlate MRgHIFU and suggests its potential for treating uterine fibroids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-021-03203-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T03:03:31Z","timestamp":1625799811000},"page":"5307-5315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A feasibility analysis of the ArcBlate MR-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound system for the ablation of uterine fibroids"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Chin-Jung","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gigin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Ting","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cindy Hsuan","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai-Yun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ying","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Shan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kit-Sum","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"3203_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(21)00658-6","volume":"22","author":"RA Prayson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Prayson RA, Hart WR (1995) Pathologic considerations of uterine smooth muscle tumors. Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America 22:637-657.","journal-title":"Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America"},{"key":"3203_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)03622-9","volume":"357","author":"EA Stewart","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stewart EA (2001) Uterine fibroids. The Lancet 357:293-298.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"3203_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wise LA, Laughlin-Tommaso SK (2016) Epidemiology of Uterine Fibroids: From Menarche to Menopause. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology 59:2\u201324. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000164.","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000164"},{"key":"3203_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Okolo S (2008) Incidence, aetiology and epidemiology of uterine fibroids. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 22:571\u2013588. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2008.04.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2008.04.002"},{"key":"3203_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schwartz SM, Marshall LM, Baird DD (2000) Epidemiologic contributions to understanding the etiology of uterine leiomyomata. Environ Health Perspect 108 Suppl 5:821\u2013827. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.00108s5821.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108s5821"},{"key":"3203_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-3026.54887","volume":"19","author":"W Sue","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sue W, Sarah S-B (2009) Radiological appearances of uterine fibroids. The Indian journal of radiology & imaging 19:222.","journal-title":"The Indian journal of radiology & imaging"},{"key":"3203_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.01.093","volume":"87","author":"WH Parker","year":"2007","unstructured":"Parker WH (2007) Etiology, symptomatology, and diagnosis of uterine myomas. Fertility and sterility 87:725-736.","journal-title":"Fertility and sterility"},{"key":"3203_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Downes E, Sikirica V, Gilabert-Estelles J et al (2010) The burden of uterine fibroids in five European countries. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 152:96\u2013102. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2010.05.012.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2010.05.012"},{"key":"3203_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Borah BJ, Nicholson WK, Bradley L et al (2013) The impact of uterine leiomyomas: a national survey of affected women. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 209:319.e311\u2013319.e320. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.07.017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.07.017"},{"key":"3203_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Havryliuk Y, Setton R, Carlow JJ et al (2017) Symptomatic Fibroid Management: Systematic Review of the Literature. Jsls 21. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4293\/jsls.2017.00041.","DOI":"10.4293\/jsls.2017.00041"},{"key":"3203_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jones S, O'Donovan P, Toub D (2012) Radiofrequency ablation for treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids. Obstet Gynecol Int 2012:194839. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/194839.","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/194839"},{"key":"3203_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bongers M, Br\u00f6lmann H, Gupta J et al (2015) Transcervical, intrauterine ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation of uterine fibroids with the VizAblate\u00ae System: three- and six-month endpoint results from the FAST-EU study. Gynecol Surg 12:61\u201370. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10397-014-0873-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10397-014-0873-1"},{"key":"3203_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Br\u00f6lmann H, Bongers M, Garza-Leal JG et al (2016) The FAST-EU trial: 12-month clinical outcomes of women after intrauterine sonography-guided transcervical radiofrequency ablation of uterine fibroids. Gynecol Surg 13:27\u201335. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10397-015-0915-3.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10397-015-0915-3"},{"key":"3203_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Toub DB (2017) A New Paradigm for Uterine Fibroid Treatment: Transcervical, Intrauterine Sonography-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation of Uterine Fibroids with the Sonata System. Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep 6:67\u201373. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13669-017-0194-2.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13669-017-0194-2"},{"key":"3203_CR15","first-page":"37","volume":"76","author":"D Siero\u0144","year":"2011","unstructured":"Siero\u0144 D, Wiggermann P, Skupi\u0144ski J et al (2011) Uterine artery embolisation and magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound treatment of uterine fibroids. Polish journal of radiology 76:37-39.","journal-title":"Polish journal of radiology"},{"key":"3203_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jeong J-H, Hong GP, Kim Y-R et al (2016) Clinical Consideration of Treatment to Ablate Uterine Fibroids with Magnetic Resonance Imaging-guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS): Sonalleve. Journal of menopausal medicine 22:94\u2013107. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6118\/jmm.2016.22.2.94.","DOI":"10.6118\/jmm.2016.22.2.94"},{"key":"3203_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Leonhardt H, Aziz A, L\u00f6nn L (2005) Post-embolization syndrome and complete expulsion of a leiomyoma after uterine artery embolization. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 84:303\u2013305. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2005.0358d.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2005.0358d.x"},{"key":"3203_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.04.010","volume":"32","author":"BA Rabkin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rabkin BA, Zderic V, Crum LA et al (2006) Biological and physical mechanisms of HIFU-induced hyperecho in ultrasound images. Ultrasound in medicine & biology 32:1721-1729.","journal-title":"Ultrasound in medicine & biology"},{"key":"3203_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/02656730601186138","volume":"23","author":"G ter Haar","year":"2007","unstructured":"ter Haar G, Coussios C (2007) High intensity focused ultrasound: physical principles and devices. International Journal of Hyperthermia 23:89-104.","journal-title":"International Journal of Hyperthermia"},{"key":"3203_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cunningham RK, Horrow MM, Smith RJ et al (2018) Adenomyosis: A Sonographic Diagnosis. RadioGraphics 38:1576\u20131589. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.2018180080.","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2018180080"},{"key":"3203_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2433060267","volume":"243","author":"FM Fennessy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fennessy FM, Tempany CM, McDannold NJ et al (2007) Uterine leiomyomas: MR imaging\u2013guided focused ultrasound surgery\u2014results of different treatment protocols. Radiology 243:885-893.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3203_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2271020395","volume":"226","author":"CM Tempany","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tempany CM, Stewart EA, McDannold N et al (2003) MR imaging\u2013guided focused ultrasound surgery of uterine leiomyomas: a feasibility study. Radiology 226:897-905.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3203_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2007.00665.x","volume":"33","author":"K Funaki","year":"2007","unstructured":"Funaki K, Sawada K, Maeda F et al (2007) Subjective effect of magnetic resonance\u2010guided focused ultrasound surgery for uterine fibroids. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 33:834-839.","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research"},{"key":"3203_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4582","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1726676","volume":"44","author":"J Hindman","year":"1966","unstructured":"Hindman J (1966) Proton resonance shift of water in the gas and liquid states. The Journal of Chemical Physics 44:4582-4592.","journal-title":"The Journal of Chemical Physics"},{"key":"3203_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910400316","volume":"40","author":"RT Peters","year":"1998","unstructured":"Peters RT, Hinks RS, Henkelman RM (1998) Ex vivo tissue\u2010type independence in proton\u2010resonance frequency shift MR thermometry. Magnetic resonance in medicine 40:454-459.","journal-title":"Magnetic resonance in medicine"},{"key":"3203_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Funaki K, Fukunishi H, Funaki T et al (2007) Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery for uterine fibroids: relationship between the therapeutic effects and signal intensity of preexisting T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 196:184. e181\u2013184. e186.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.08.030"},{"key":"3203_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brazier JE, Harper R, Jones NM et al (1992) Validating the SF-36 health survey questionnaire: new outcome measure for primary care. Bmj 305:160\u2013164. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.305.6846.160.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6846.160"},{"key":"3203_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2015.05.033","volume":"27","author":"J-S Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee J-S, Hong G-Y, Park B-J et al (2015) Ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment for uterine fibroid & adenomyosis: a single center experience from the Republic of Korea. Ultrasonics sonochemistry 27:682-687.","journal-title":"Ultrasonics sonochemistry"},{"key":"3203_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.2842","volume":"194","author":"SD LeBlang","year":"2010","unstructured":"LeBlang SD, Hoctor K, Steinberg FL (2010) Leiomyoma shrinkage after MRI-guided focused ultrasound treatment: report of 80 patients. American Journal of Roentgenology 194:274-280.","journal-title":"American Journal of Roentgenology"},{"key":"3203_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cheung VYT (2018) High-intensity focused ultrasound therapy. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 46:74\u201383. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2017.09.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2017.09.002"},{"key":"3203_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Keserci B, Duc NM (2018) Magnetic Resonance Imaging Parameters in Predicting the Treatment Outcome of High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation of Uterine Fibroids With an Immediate Nonperfused Volume Ratio of at Least 90. Acad Radiol 25:1257\u20131269. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2018.01.022.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2018.01.022"},{"key":"3203_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"LeBlang SD, Hoctor K, Steinberg FL (2010) Leiomyoma shrinkage after MRI-guided focused ultrasound treatment: report of 80 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol 194:274\u2013280. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.09.2842.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.09.2842"},{"key":"3203_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Funaki K, Fukunishi H, Funaki T et al (2007) Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery for uterine fibroids: relationship between the therapeutic effects and signal intensity of preexisting T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. Am J Obstet Gynecol 196:184.e181\u2013186. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.08.030.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.08.030"},{"key":"3203_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Suomi V, Komar G, Sainio T et al (2019) Comprehensive feature selection for classifying the treatment outcome of high-intensity ultrasound therapy in uterine fibroids. Sci Rep 9:10907. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-47484-y.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47484-y"},{"key":"3203_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)90077-2","volume":"172","author":"MS Rein","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rein MS, Barbieri RL, Friedman AJ (1995) Progesterone: a critical role in the pathogenesis of uterine myomas. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 172:14-18.","journal-title":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"},{"key":"3203_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Quinn S, Chin W, Walbridge J (2015) MR-guided focused ultrasound for the treatment of adenomyosis: current insights. Research and Reports in Focused Ultrasound:1. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/RRFU.S95901.","DOI":"10.2147\/RRFU.S95901"},{"key":"3203_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang L, Rao F, Setzen R (2017) High intensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of adenomyosis: selection criteria, efficacy, safety and fertility. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 96:707\u2013714. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.13159.","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13159"},{"key":"3203_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jeng C-J, Ou K-Y, Long C-Y et al (2020) 500 Cases of High-intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Ablated Uterine Fibroids and Adenomyosis. Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 59:865\u2013871. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjog.2020.09.013.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2020.09.013"},{"key":"3203_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stewart EA, Rabinovici J, Tempany CM et al (2006) Clinical outcomes of focused ultrasound surgery for the treatment of uterine fibroids. Fertil Steril 85:22\u201329. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.04.072.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.04.072"},{"key":"3203_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mindjuk I, Trumm CG, Herzog P et al (2015) MRI predictors of clinical success in MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) treatments of uterine fibroids: results from a single centre. Eur Radiol 25:1317\u20131328. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-014-3538-6.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-014-3538-6"},{"key":"3203_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim YS, Bae DS, Park MJ et al (2014) Techniques to expand patient selection for MRI-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation of uterine fibroids. AJR Am J Roentgenol 202:443\u2013451. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.13.10753.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.13.10753"},{"key":"3203_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moroni RM, Martins WP, Messina MDL et al (2016) High\u2010intensity focused ultrasound for symptomatic uterine fibroids. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD012444.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012444"},{"key":"3203_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Duc NM, Keserci B (2018) Review of influential clinical factors in reducing the risk of unsuccessful MRI-guided HIFU treatment outcome of uterine fibroids. Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) 24:283\u2013291. http:\/\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/dir.2018.18111.","DOI":"10.5152\/dir.2018.18111"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-021-03275-6","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632268800000}}],"container-title":["Abdominal Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-021-03203-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00261-021-03203-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-021-03203-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T09:59:48Z","timestamp":1633859988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00261-021-03203-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["3203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-021-03203-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2366-004X","2366-0058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2366-004X","type":"print"},{"value":"2366-0058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 June 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 June 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 July 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 September 2021","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-021-03275-6","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-021-03275-6","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All the authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMHLK; Reference Number: 104-4660A) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki Ethical Principles and Good Clinical Practices.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"After the IRB approval, this study obtained the written informed consent forms from subjects.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"After the IRB approval, this study acquired the written informed consent forms from subjects who agreed that their data were published.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}