{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T15:43:03Z","timestamp":1793374983850,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Abdom Radiol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-024-04216-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T06:02:01Z","timestamp":1719295321000},"page":"94-108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Imaging cholangiocarcinoma: CT and MRI techniques"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9672-1803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea S.","family":"Kierans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Costello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aliya","family":"Qayyum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bachir","family":"Taouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudhakar K.","family":"Venkatesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Hee","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Bali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Candice W.","family":"Bolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Min","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"El Homsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank H.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"4216_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-0310-z","volume":"17","author":"JM Banales","year":"2020","unstructured":"Banales JM, Marin JJG, Lamarca A, Rodrigues PM, Khan SA, Roberts LR, Cardinale V, Carpino G, Andersen JB, Braconi C, Calvisi DF, Perugorria MJ, Fabris L, Boulter L, Macias RIR, Gaudio E, Alvaro D, Gradilone SA, Strazzabosco M, Marzioni M, Coulouarn C, Fouassier L, Raggi C, Invernizzi P, Mertens JC, Moncsek A, Rizvi S, Heimbach J, Koerkamp BG, Bruix J, Forner A, Bridgewater J, Valle JW, Gores GJ. Cholangiocarcinoma 2020: the next horizon in mechanisms and management. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;17(9):557-588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-020-0310-z","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4216_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018171187","volume":"288","author":"I Joo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Joo I, Lee JM, Yoon JH. Imaging Diagnosis of Intrahepatic and Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma: Recent Advances and Challenges. Radiology 2018;288(1):7-13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2018171187","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"4216_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v2.i12.419","volume":"2","author":"Y Nakanuma","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nakanuma Y, Sato Y, Harada K, Sasaki M, Xu J, Ikeda H. Pathological classification of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on a new concept. World J Hepatol 2010;2(12):419-427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4254\/wjh.v2.i12.419","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4216_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.21037\/hbsn.2017.01.02","volume":"6","author":"A Gupta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gupta A, Dixon E. Epidemiology and risk factors: intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2017;6(2):101-104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/hbsn.2017.01.02","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr"},{"key":"4216_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chang KJ, Kamel IR, Macura KJ, Bluemke DA. 3.0-T MR imaging of the abdomen: comparison with 1.5 T. Radiographics 2008;28(7):1983\u20131998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.287075154","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.287075154"},{"key":"4216_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Merkle EM, Haugan PA, Thomas J, Jaffe TA, Gullotto C. 3.0- Versus 1.5-T MR cholangiography: a pilot study. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;186(2):516\u2013521. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.04.1484","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.04.1484"},{"key":"4216_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cornfeld D, Weinreb J. Simple changes to 1.5-T MRI abdomen and pelvis protocols to optimize results at 3 T. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2008;190(2):W140\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.07.2903","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.07.2903"},{"key":"4216_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Merkle EM, Dale BM. Abdominal MRI at 3.0 T: the basics revisited. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;186(6):1524\u20131532. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.05.0932","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.05.0932"},{"issue":"3","key":"4216_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26187","volume":"48","author":"B Gruber","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gruber B, Froeling M, Leiner T, Klomp DWJ. RF coils: A practical guide for nonphysicists. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018;48(3):590-604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.26187","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"4216_CR10","first-page":"239","volume":"22","author":"M Tsurusaki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tsurusaki M, Sugimoto K, Fujii M, Sugimura K. Multi-detector row helical CT of the liver: quantitative assessment of iodine concentration of intravenous contrast material on multiphasic CT--a prospective randomized study. Radiat Med 2004;22(4):239-245.","journal-title":"Radiat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4216_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rli.0000191369.76521.09","volume":"41","author":"F Cademartiri","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cademartiri F, de Monye C, Pugliese F, Mollet NR, Runza G, van der Lugt A, Midiri M, de Feyter PJ, Lagalla R, Krestin GP. High iodine concentration contrast material for noninvasive multislice computed tomography coronary angiography: iopromide 370 versus iomeprol 400. Invest Radiol 2006;41(3):349-353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.rli.0000191369.76521.09","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4216_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.183.1.1830157","volume":"183","author":"A Furuta","year":"2004","unstructured":"Furuta A, Ito K, Fujita T, Koike S, Shimizu A, Matsunaga N. Hepatic enhancement in multiphasic contrast-enhanced MDCT: comparison of high- and low-iodine-concentration contrast medium in same patients with chronic liver disease. AJR American journal of roentgenology 2004;183(1):157-162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.183.1.1830157","journal-title":"AJR American journal of roentgenology"},{"issue":"1","key":"4216_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10090908","volume":"256","author":"KT Bae","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bae KT. Intravenous contrast medium administration and scan timing at CT: considerations and approaches. Radiology 2010;256(1):32-61. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.10090908","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"4216_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.195.2.7724752","volume":"195","author":"JP Heiken","year":"1995","unstructured":"Heiken JP, Brink JA, McClennan BL, Sagel SS, Crowe TM, Gaines MV. Dynamic incremental CT: effect of volume and concentration of contrast material and patient weight on hepatic enhancement. Radiology 1995;195(2):353-357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiology.195.2.7724752","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4216_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.04.0310","volume":"186","author":"T Ichikawa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ichikawa T, Nakajima H, Nanbu A, Hori M, Araki T. Effect of injection rate of contrast material on CT of hepatocellular carcinoma. AJR American journal of roentgenology 2006;186(5):1413-1418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.04.0310","journal-title":"AJR American journal of roentgenology"},{"issue":"3","key":"4216_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22833","volume":"35","author":"A Frydrychowicz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Frydrychowicz A, Lubner MG, Brown JJ, Merkle EM, Nagle SK, Rofsky NM, Reeder SB. Hepatobiliary MR imaging with gadolinium-based contrast agents. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012;35(3):492-511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.22833","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"4216_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12112308","volume":"264","author":"Y Kang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kang Y, Lee JM, Kim SH, Han JK, Choi BI. Intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma: enhancement patterns on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR images. Radiology 2012;264(3):751-760. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.12112308","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"4216_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.179.1.1790087","volume":"179","author":"RC Carlos","year":"2002","unstructured":"Carlos RC, Hussain HK, Song JH, Francis IR. Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid as an intrabiliary contrast agent: preliminary assessment. AJR American journal of roentgenology 2002;179(1):87-92. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.179.1.1790087","journal-title":"AJR American journal of roentgenology"},{"issue":"4","key":"4216_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2021.0407","volume":"23","author":"JA Hwang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hwang JA, Min JH, Kim SH, Choi SY, Lee JE, Moon JY. Total Bilirubin Level as a Predictor of Suboptimal Image Quality of the Hepatobiliary Phase of Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced MRI in Patients with Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer. Korean J Radiol 2022;23(4):389-401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3348\/kjr.2021.0407","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4216_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2015140289","volume":"35","author":"SY Huang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huang SY, Seethamraju RT, Patel P, Hahn PF, Kirsch JE, Guimaraes AR. Body MR Imaging: Artifacts, k-Space, and Solutions. Radiographics 2015;35(5):1439-1460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.2015140289","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"2","key":"4216_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12120826","volume":"266","author":"MS Davenport","year":"2013","unstructured":"Davenport MS, Viglianti BL, Al-Hawary MM, Caoili EM, Kaza RK, Liu PS, Maturen KE, Chenevert TL, Hussain HK. Comparison of acute transient dyspnea after intravenous administration of gadoxetate disodium and gadobenate dimeglumine: effect on arterial phase image quality. Radiology 2013;266(2):452-461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.12120826","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"4216_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-08984-0","volume":"33","author":"S Poetter-Lang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Poetter-Lang S, Dovjak GO, Messner A, Ambros R, Polanec SH, Baltzer PAT, Kristic A, Herold A, Hodge JC, Weber M, Bastati N, Ba-Ssalamah A. Influence of dilution on arterial-phase artifacts and signal intensity on gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI. Eur Radiol 2023;33(1):523-534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-022-08984-0","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4216_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2015.16.6.1207","volume":"16","author":"J Huh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huh J, Kim SY, Yeh BM, Lee SS, Kim KW, Wu EH, Wang ZJ, Zhao LQ, Chang WC. Troubleshooting Arterial-Phase MR Images of Gadoxetate Disodium-Enhanced Liver. Korean J Radiol 2015;16(6):1207-1215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3348\/kjr.2015.16.6.1207","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4216_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25287","volume":"44","author":"I Joo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Joo I, Lee JM, Lee SM, Lee JS, Park JY, Han JK. Diagnostic accuracy of liver imaging reporting and data system (LI-RADS) v2014 for intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinomas in patients with chronic liver disease on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016;44(5):1330-1338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.25287","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"4216_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2018.11.005","volume":"74","author":"M Renzulli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Renzulli M, Biselli M, Fabbri E, Caretti D, Sergenti A, Modestino F, Giannone FA, Storchi M, Pierotti L, Golfieri R. What is the best fruit juice to use as a negative oral contrast agent in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography? Clin Radiol 2019;74(3):220-227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crad.2018.11.005","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4216_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-009-0395-3","volume":"28","author":"S Morita","year":"2010","unstructured":"Morita S, Ueno E, Masukawa A, Suzuki K, Fujimura M, Hirabayashi N, Kojima S, Hirata M, Kitajima K, Kaji Y. Prospective comparative study of negative oral contrast agents for magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Jpn J Radiol 2010;28(2):117-122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11604-009-0395-3","journal-title":"Jpn J Radiol"},{"issue":"924","key":"4216_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/36674326","volume":"77","author":"RD Riordan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Riordan RD, Khonsari M, Jeffries J, Maskell GF, Cook PG. Pineapple juice as a negative oral contrast agent in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: a preliminary evaluation. Br J Radiol 2004;77(924):991-999. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/bjr\/36674326","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4216_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s002610000018","volume":"25","author":"JH Chan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chan JH, Tsui EY, Yuen MK, Szeto ML, Luk SH, Wong KP, Wong NO. Gadopentetate dimeglumine as an oral negative gastrointestinal contrast agent for MRCP. Abdom Imaging 2000;25(4):405-408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002610000018","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"4216_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2009.05.006","volume":"33","author":"J Gong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gong J, Zhao H, Liu T, Ling R, Xu J. Value of MRCP using oral Gd-DTPA as negative contrast materials in diagnosis of atypical juxtapapillary duodenal diverticulum. Clin Imaging 2009;33(5):361-364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinimag.2009.05.006","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"4216_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24352","volume":"39","author":"SB Reeder","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reeder SB. Gadolinium-based contrast agents: what does \"single-dose\" mean anymore? J Magn Reson Imaging 2014;39(6):1343-1345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.24352","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"4216_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0b013e3181f9c487","volume":"46","author":"U Motosugi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Motosugi U, Ichikawa T, Sano K, Sou H, Onohara K, Muhi A, Kitamura T, Amemiya F, Enomoto N, Matsuda M, Asakawa M, Fujii H, Araki T. Double-dose gadoxetic Acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with chronic liver disease. Invest Radiol 2011;46(2):141-145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/RLI.0b013e3181f9c487","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4216_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22057","volume":"31","author":"SH Chung","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chung SH, Kim MJ, Choi JY, Hong HS. Comparison of two different injection rates of gadoxetic acid for arterial phase MRI of the liver. J Magn Reson Imaging 2010;31(2):365-372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.22057","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"4216_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.293085729","volume":"29","author":"YE Chung","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chung YE, Kim MJ, Park YN, Choi JY, Pyo JY, Kim YC, Cho HJ, Kim KA, Choi SY. Varying appearances of cholangiocarcinoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 2009;29(3):683-700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.293085729","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"1","key":"4216_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.203.1.9122423","volume":"203","author":"JM Lacomis","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lacomis JM, Baron RL, Oliver JH, 3rd, Nalesnik MA, Federle MP. Cholangiocarcinoma: delayed CT contrast enhancement patterns. Radiology 1997;203(1):98-104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiology.203.1.9122423","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"4216_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.154.6.2159688","volume":"154","author":"K Takayasu","year":"1990","unstructured":"Takayasu K, Ikeya S, Mukai K, Muramatsu Y, Makuuchi M, Hasegawa H. CT of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: late contrast enhancement in six patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1990;154(6):1203-1206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.154.6.2159688","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4216_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-828892","volume":"24","author":"R Manfredi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Manfredi R, Barbaro B, Masselli G, Vecchioli A, Marano P. Magnetic resonance imaging of cholangiocarcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 2004;24(2):155-164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2004-828892","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"4216_CR37","unstructured":"American College of Radiology website. CT\/MRI Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2018. www.acr.org\/Clinical-Resources\/Reportingand-Data-Systems\/LI-RADS\/CT-MRI-LI-RADS-v2018. Published 2018. Accessed April 2022"},{"key":"4216_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.04.008","volume":"92","author":"JH Min","year":"2017","unstructured":"38. Min JH, Kim YK, Choi SY, Jeong WK, Lee WJ, Ha SY, Ahn S, Ahn HS. Differentiation between cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma with target sign on diffusion-weighted imaging and hepatobiliary phase gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging: Classification tree analysis applying capsule and septum. Eur J Radiol 2017;92:1-10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.04.008","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4216_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018181485","volume":"290","author":"JH Min","year":"2019","unstructured":"39. Min JH, Kim YK, Choi SY, Kang TW, Lee SJ, Kim JM, Ahn S, Cho H. Intrahepatic Mass-forming Cholangiocarcinoma: Arterial Enhancement Patterns at MRI and Prognosis. Radiology 2019;290(3):691-699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2018181485","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"4216_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.169.6.9393152","volume":"169","author":"MT Keogan","year":"1997","unstructured":"40. Keogan MT, Seabourn JT, Paulson EK, McDermott VG, Delong DM, Nelson RC. Contrast-enhanced CT of intrahepatic and hilar cholangiocarcinoma: delay time for optimal imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;169(6):1493-1499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.169.6.9393152","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4216_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199909000-00004","volume":"23","author":"Y Zhang","year":"1999","unstructured":"41. Zhang Y, Uchida M, Abe T, Nishimura H, Hayabuchi N, Nakashima Y. Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of dynamic CT and dynamic MRI. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1999;23(5):670-677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004728-199909000-00004","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"issue":"3","key":"4216_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W267","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.05.0266","volume":"187","author":"YK Kim","year":"2006","unstructured":"42. Kim YK, Kim CS, Lee JM, Ko SW, Chung GH, Lee SO, Han YM, Lee SY. Value of adding T1-weighted image to MR cholangiopancreatography for detecting intrahepatic biliary stones. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;187(3):W267-274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.05.0266","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4216_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2021200196","volume":"41","author":"P Mohammadinejad","year":"2021","unstructured":"43. Mohammadinejad P, Mileto A, Yu L, Leng S, Guimaraes LS, Missert AD, Jensen CT, Gong H, McCollough CH, Fletcher JG. CT Noise-Reduction Methods for Lower-Dose Scanning: Strengths and Weaknesses of Iterative Reconstruction Algorithms and New Techniques. Radiographics 2021;41(5):1493-1508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.2021200196","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"6","key":"4216_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-019-0057-9","volume":"1","author":"H Shan","year":"2019","unstructured":"44. Shan H, Padole A, Homayounieh F, Kruger U, Khera RD, Nitiwarangkul C, Kalra MK, Wang G. Competitive performance of a modularized deep neural network compared to commercial algorithms for low-dose CT image reconstruction. Nat Mach Intell 2019;1(6):269-276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42256-019-0057-9","journal-title":"Nat Mach Intell"},{"key":"4216_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gaspersz MP, Buettner S, van Vugt JLA, de Jonge J, Polak WG, Doukas M, Ijzermans JNM, Koerkamp BG, Willemssen F. Evaluation of the New American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual 8th Edition for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg 2020;24(7):1612\u20131618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11605-019-04127-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-019-04127-x"},{"issue":"1","key":"4216_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.21.1.g01ja0523","volume":"21","author":"H Irie","year":"2001","unstructured":"46. Irie H, Honda H, Kuroiwa T, Yoshimitsu K, Aibe H, Shinozaki K, Masuda K. Pitfalls in MR cholangiopancreatographic interpretation. Radiographics 2001;21(1):23-37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiographics.21.1.g01ja0523","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"6","key":"4216_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.19.21399","volume":"213","author":"Z Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"47. Chen Z, Sun B, Duan Q, Xue Y, Zheng E, He Y, Li G. Three-Dimensional Breath-Hold MRCP Using SPACE Pulse Sequence at 3 T: Comparison With Conventional Navigator-Triggered Technique. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019;213(6):1247-1252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.19.21399","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4216_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1097\/rli.0000000000000380","volume":"52","author":"JH Yoon","year":"2017","unstructured":"48. Yoon JH, Lee SM, Kang HJ, Weiland E, Raithel E, Son Y, Kiefer B, Lee JM. Clinical Feasibility of 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography Using Compressed Sensing: Comparison of Image Quality and Diagnostic Performance. Invest Radiol 2017;52(10):612-619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/rli.0000000000000380","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4216_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016151935","volume":"280","author":"H Chandarana","year":"2016","unstructured":"49. Chandarana H, Doshi AM, Shanbhogue A, Babb JS, Bruno MT, Zhao T, Raithel E, Zenge MO, Li G, Otazo R. Three-dimensional MR Cholangiopancreatography in a Breath Hold with Sparsity-based Reconstruction of Highly Undersampled Data. Radiology 2016;280(2):585-594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2016151935","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"4216_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1097\/rli.0000000000000421","volume":"53","author":"L Zhu","year":"2018","unstructured":"50. Zhu L, Wu X, Sun Z, Jin Z, Weiland E, Raithel E, Qian T, Xue H. Compressed-Sensing Accelerated 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography: Application in Suspected Pancreatic Diseases. Invest Radiol 2018;53(3):150-157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/rli.0000000000000421","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"issue":"25","key":"4216_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3196","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i25.3196","volume":"16","author":"XY Cui","year":"2010","unstructured":"51. Cui XY, Chen HW. Role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2010;16(25):3196-3201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v16.i25.3196","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4216_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24088","volume":"38","author":"MH Yu","year":"2013","unstructured":"52. Yu MH, Lee JM, Yoon JH, Kiefer B, Han JK, Choi BI. Clinical application of controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in a higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA)-volumetric interpolated breathhold (VIBE) sequence for gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013;38(5):1020-1026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.24088","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"4216_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-016-0948-8","volume":"42","author":"NS Ikram","year":"2017","unstructured":"53. Ikram NS, Yee J, Weinstein S, Yeh BM, Corvera CU, Monto A, Hope TA. Multiple arterial phase MRI of arterial hypervascular hepatic lesions: improved arterial phase capture and lesion enhancement. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2017;42(3):870-876. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-016-0948-8","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"issue":"6","key":"4216_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.296095501","volume":"29","author":"NK Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"54. Lee NK, Kim S, Lee JW, Lee SH, Kang DH, Kim GH, Seo HI. Biliary MR imaging with Gd-EOB-DTPA and its clinical applications. Radiographics 2009;29(6):1707-1724. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.296095501","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"6","key":"4216_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2014.02.005","volume":"21","author":"MR Bashir","year":"2014","unstructured":"55. Bashir MR, Breault SR, Braun R, Do RK, Nelson RC, Reeder SB. Optimal timing and diagnostic adequacy of hepatocyte phase imaging with gadoxetate-enhanced liver MRI. Acad Radiol 2014;21(6):726-732. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2014.02.005","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4216_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-008-0929-6","volume":"18","author":"FT Tschirch","year":"2008","unstructured":"56. Tschirch FT, Struwe A, Petrowsky H, Kakales I, Marincek B, Weishaupt D. Contrast-enhanced MR cholangiography with Gd-EOB-DTPA in patients with liver cirrhosis: visualization of the biliary ducts in comparison with patients with normal liver parenchyma. Eur Radiol 2008;18(8):1577-1586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-008-0929-6","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4216_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-010-1917-1","volume":"21","author":"MR Bashir","year":"2011","unstructured":"57. Bashir MR, Merkle EM. Improved liver lesion conspicuity by increasing the flip angle during hepatocyte phase MR imaging. Eur Radiol 2011;21(2):291-294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-010-1917-1","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4216_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2014.06.005","volume":"83","author":"L Stelter","year":"2014","unstructured":"58. Stelter L, Freyhardt P, Grieser C, Walter T, Geisel D, Baur A, Seehofer D, Denecke T. An increased flip angle in late phase Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI shows improved performance in bile duct visualization compared to T2w-MRCP. Eur J Radiol 2014;83(10):1723-1727. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrad.2014.06.005","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"4216_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim S, Mussi TC, Lee LJ, Mausner EV, Cho KC, Rosenkrantz AB. Effect of flip angle for optimization of image quality of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced biliary imaging at 1.5 T. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2013;200(1):90\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.12.8722","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.12.8722"}],"container-title":["Abdominal Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-024-04216-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00261-024-04216-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-024-04216-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T02:02:37Z","timestamp":1736388157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00261-024-04216-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["4216"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-024-04216-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2366-0058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2366-0058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 September 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 January 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}