{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:12:13Z","timestamp":1780445533526,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749254400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Abdom Radiol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-025-04988-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T03:19:30Z","timestamp":1749266370000},"page":"5743-5760","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mastering esophageal cancer imaging: what radiologists need to know"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Carlo","family":"D\u2019Alessandro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Pittacolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"De Grandis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Garzotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Galuppini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Moletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa Sefora","family":"Pierobon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Capovilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianpietro","family":"Zanchettin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Salvador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Valmasoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Quaia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Crim\u00ec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","volume":"74","author":"F Bray","year":"2024","unstructured":"F. Bray et al., \u201cGlobal cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries,\u201d CA Cancer J Clin, vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 229\u2013263, May 2024, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21834.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-308124","volume":"64","author":"M Arnold","year":"2015","unstructured":"M. Arnold, I. Soerjomataram, J. Ferlay, and D. Forman, \u201cGlobal incidence of oesophageal cancer by histological subtype in 2012,\u201d Gut, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 381\u2013387, Mar. 2015, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-308124.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"17","key":"4988_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/86.17.1340","volume":"86","author":"LM Brown","year":"1994","unstructured":"L. M. Brown et al., \u201cAre Racial Differences in Squamous Cell Esophageal Cancer Explained by Alcohol and Tobacco Use?,\u201d JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 86, no. 17, pp. 1340\u20131345, Sep. 1994, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/86.17.1340.","journal-title":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"12","key":"4988_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22993","volume":"121","author":"ND Freedman","year":"2007","unstructured":"N. D. Freedman et al., \u201cFruit and vegetable intake and esophageal cancer in a large prospective cohort study,\u201d Int J Cancer, vol. 121, no. 12, pp. 2753\u20132760, Dec. 2007, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.22993.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"4988_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-001-0026-3","volume":"25","author":"BLDM Br\u00fccher","year":"2001","unstructured":"B. L. D. M. Br\u00fccher, H. J. Stein, H. Bartels, H. Feussner, and J. R. Siewert, \u201cAchalasia and Esophageal Cancer: Incidence, Prevalence, and Prognosis,\u201d World J Surg, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 745\u2013749, Jun. 2001, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-001-0026-3.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr117","volume":"174","author":"CM Olsen","year":"2011","unstructured":"C. M. Olsen, N. Pandeya, A. C. Green, P. M. Webb, and D. C. Whiteman, \u201cPopulation Attributable Fractions of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and Gastroesophageal Junction,\u201d Am J Epidemiol, vol. 174, no. 5, pp. 582\u2013590, Sep. 2011, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwr117.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4988_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103508","volume":"9","author":"MB Cook","year":"2014","unstructured":"M. B. Cook et al., \u201cGastroesophageal Reflux in Relation to Adenocarcinomas of the Esophagus: A Pooled Analysis from the Barrett\u2019s and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON),\u201d PLoS One, vol. 9, no. 7, p. e103508, Jul. 2014, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0103508.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.02.005","volume":"44","author":"MJ Whitson","year":"2015","unstructured":"M. J. Whitson and G. W. Falk, \u201cPredictors of Progression to High-Grade Dysplasia or Adenocarcinoma in Barrett\u2019s Esophagus,\u201d Gastroenterol Clin North Am, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 299\u2013315, Jun. 2015, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.02.005.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21388","volume":"67","author":"MB Amin","year":"2017","unstructured":"M. B. Amin et al., \u201cThe Eighth Edition <scp>AJCC<\/scp> Cancer Staging Manual: Continuing to build a bridge from a population\u2010based to a more \u2018personalized\u2019 approach to cancer staging,\u201d CA Cancer J Clin, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 93\u201399, Mar. 2017, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21388.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin."},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR10","first-page":"25","volume":"58","author":"JR Siewert","year":"1987","unstructured":"J. R. Siewert, A. H. H\u00f6lscher, K. Becker, and W. G\u00f6ssner, \u201c[Cardia cancer: attempt at a therapeutically relevant classification].,\u201d Chirurg, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 25\u201332, Jan. 1987.","journal-title":"Chirurg"},{"issue":"8","key":"4988_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-019-0820-4","volume":"21","author":"FM Johnston","year":"2019","unstructured":"F. M. Johnston and M. Beckman, \u201cUpdates on Management of Gastric Cancer,\u201d Curr Oncol Rep, vol. 21, no. 8, p. 67, Aug. 2019, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11912-019-0820-4.","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"4988_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1111\/dote.12394","volume":"29","author":"TC Fang","year":"2016","unstructured":"T. C. Fang, Y. S. Oh, A. Szabo, A. Khan, and K. S. Dua, \u201cUtility of dysphagia grade in predicting endoscopic ultrasound T-stage of non-metastatic esophageal cancer,\u201d Diseases of the Esophagus, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 642\u2013648, Aug. 2016, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dote.12394.","journal-title":"Diseases of the Esophagus"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2015.06.062","volume":"101","author":"RT Ripley","year":"2016","unstructured":"R. T. Ripley et al., \u201cPretreatment Dysphagia in Esophageal Cancer Patients May Eliminate the Need for Staging by Endoscopic Ultrasonography,\u201d Ann Thorac Surg, vol. 101, no. 1, pp. 226\u2013230, Jan. 2016, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2015.06.062.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.9-2-147","volume":"9","author":"M Koshy","year":"2004","unstructured":"M. Koshy, N. Esiashvilli, J. C. Landry, C. R. Thomas, and R. H. Matthews, \u201cMultiple Management Modalities in Esophageal Cancer: Combined Modality Management Approaches,\u201d Oncologist, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 147\u2013159, Apr. 2004, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1634\/theoncologist.9-2-147.","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-002-0018-y","volume":"4","author":"DH Ilson","year":"2002","unstructured":"D. H. Ilson, \u201cNew developments in the treatment of esophageal cancer,\u201d Curr Oncol Rep, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 213\u2013221, Jun. 2002, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11912-002-0018-y.","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s10388-020-00782-1","volume":"18","author":"Y Kakeji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Y. Kakeji et al., \u201cMultimodality approaches to control esophageal cancer: development of chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy,\u201d Esophagus, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 25\u201332, Jan. 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10388-020-00782-1.","journal-title":"Esophagus"},{"issue":"10","key":"4988_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2022.07.003","volume":"33","author":"R Obermannov\u00e1","year":"2022","unstructured":"R. Obermannov\u00e1 et al., \u201cOesophageal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up,\u201d Annals of Oncology, vol. 33, no. 10, pp. 992\u20131004, Oct. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annonc.2022.07.003.","journal-title":"Annals of Oncology"},{"issue":"7","key":"4988_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2019.0033","volume":"17","author":"JA Ajani","year":"2019","unstructured":"J. A. Ajani et al., \u201cEsophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Cancers, Version 2.2019, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology,\u201d Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 855\u2013883, Jul. 2019, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6004\/jnccn.2019.0033.","journal-title":"Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network"},{"issue":"133","key":"4988_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.18003413304","volume":"34","author":"I Lewis","year":"1946","unstructured":"I. Lewis, \u201cThe surgical treatment of carcinoma of the oesophagus with special reference to a new operation for growths of the middle third,\u201d Journal of British Surgery, vol. 34, no. 133, pp. 18\u201331, Jul. 1946, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.18003413304.","journal-title":"Journal of British Surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.21037\/cco.2017.07.05","volume":"6","author":"RG Vaghjiani","year":"2017","unstructured":"R. G. Vaghjiani and V. Molena, \u201cSurgical management of esophageal cancer,\u201d Chin Clin Oncol, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 47\u201347, Oct. 2017, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/cco.2017.07.05.","journal-title":"Chin Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4988_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800630403","volume":"63","author":"KC McKeown","year":"1976","unstructured":"K. C. McKeown, \u201cTotal three-stage oesophagectomy for cancer of the oesophagus,\u201d Journal of British Surgery, vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 259\u2013262, Apr. 1976, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.1800630403.","journal-title":"Journal of British Surgery"},{"issue":"8","key":"4988_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v11.i8.567","volume":"11","author":"S Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"S. Zhang, H. Orita, and T. Fukunaga, \u201cCurrent surgical treatment of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma,\u201d World J Gastrointest Oncol, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 567\u2013578, Aug. 2019, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4251\/wjgo.v11.i8.567.","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"4988_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.03.28","author":"TA D\u2019Amico","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thomas A. D\u2019Amico, \u201cMckeown esophagogastrectomy,\u201d J Thorac Dis, 2014.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.01.034","volume":"97","author":"J Ma","year":"2014","unstructured":"J. Ma et al., \u201cThe Sweet Approach Is Still Worthwhile in Modern Esophagectomy,\u201d Ann Thorac Surg, vol. 97, no. 5, pp. 1728\u20131733, May 2014, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.01.034.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"4988_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3584","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.07.68","volume":"11","author":"Y Feng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Y. Feng, N. Wu, S. Yan, X. Wang, and Y. Yang, \u201cComparison of Ivor Lewis esophagectomy and Sweet esophagectomy for the treatment of middle-lower esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,\u201d J Thorac Dis, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 3584\u20133592, Aug. 2019, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jtd.2019.07.68.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199909000-00012","volume":"230","author":"MB Orringer","year":"1999","unstructured":"M. B. Orringer, B. Marshall, and M. D. Iannettoni, \u201cTranshiatal Esophagectomy: Clinical Experience and Refinements,\u201d Ann Surg, vol. 230, no. 3, p. 392, Sep. 1999, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000658-199909000-00012.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"30","key":"4988_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3804","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i30.3804","volume":"16","author":"JC Barreto","year":"2010","unstructured":"J. C. Barreto, \u201cTranshiatal versus transthoracic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer,\u201d World J Gastroenterol, vol. 16, no. 30, p. 3804, 2010, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v16.i30.3804.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31814697f2","volume":"246","author":"MB Orringer","year":"2007","unstructured":"M. B. Orringer, B. Marshall, A. C. Chang, J. Lee, A. Pickens, and C. L. Lau, \u201cTwo Thousand Transhiatal Esophagectomies,\u201d Ann Surg, vol. 246, no. 3, pp. 363\u2013374, Sep. 2007, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31814697f2.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"9829","key":"4988_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60516-9","volume":"379","author":"SS Biere","year":"2012","unstructured":"S. S. Biere et al., \u201cMinimally invasive versus open oesophagectomy for patients with oesophageal cancer: a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial,\u201d The Lancet, vol. 379, no. 9829, pp. 1887\u20131892, May 2012, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60516-9.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"4988_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003031","volume":"269","author":"PC van der Sluis","year":"2019","unstructured":"P. C. van der Sluis et al., \u201cRobot-assisted Minimally Invasive Thoracolaparoscopic Esophagectomy Versus Open Transthoracic Esophagectomy for Resectable Esophageal Cancer,\u201d Ann Surg, vol. 269, no. 4, pp. 621\u2013630, Apr. 2019, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003031.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"16","key":"4988_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3763","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25146","volume":"116","author":"TW Rice","year":"2010","unstructured":"T. W. Rice, V. W. Rusch, H. Ishwaran, and E. H. Blackstone, \u201cCancer of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction,\u201d Cancer, vol. 116, no. 16, pp. 3763\u20133773, Aug. 2010, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.25146.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2016.10.016","volume":"12","author":"TW Rice","year":"2017","unstructured":"T. W. Rice, H. Ishwaran, M. K. Ferguson, E. H. Blackstone, and P. Goldstraw, \u201cCancer of the Esophagus and Esophagogastric Junction: An Eighth Edition Staging Primer,\u201d Journal of Thoracic Oncology, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 36\u201342, Jan. 2017, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtho.2016.10.016.","journal-title":"Journal of Thoracic Oncology"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.292085106","volume":"29","author":"TJ Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"T. J. Kim, H. Y. Kim, K. W. Lee, and M. S. Kim, \u201cMultimodality Assessment of Esophageal Cancer: Preoperative Staging and Monitoring of Response to Therapy,\u201d RadioGraphics, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 403\u2013421, Mar. 2009, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.292085106.","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2012.07.010","volume":"92","author":"Z Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Z. Li and T. W. Rice, \u201cDiagnosis and Staging of Cancer of the Esophagus and Esophagogastric Junction,\u201d Surgical Clinics of North America, vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 1105\u20131126, Oct. 2012, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suc.2012.07.010.","journal-title":"Surgical Clinics of North America"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0720-048X(01)00418-1","volume":"41","author":"SJ Wakelin","year":"2002","unstructured":"S. J. Wakelin, C. Deans, T. J. Crofts, P. L. Allan, J. N. Plevris, and S. Paterson-Brown, \u201cA comparison of computerised tomography, laparoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound in the preoperative staging of oesophago-gastric carcinoma,\u201d Eur J Radiol, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 161\u2013167, Feb. 2002, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0720-048X(01)00418-1.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4988_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(02)03875-4","volume":"74","author":"MB Wallace","year":"2002","unstructured":"M. B. Wallace et al., \u201cAn analysis of multiple staging management strategies for carcinoma of the esophagus: computed tomography, endoscopic ultrasound, positron emission tomography, and thoracoscopy\/laparoscopy,\u201d Ann Thorac Surg, vol. 74, no. 4, pp. 1026\u20131032, Oct. 2002, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0003-4975(02)03875-4.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.181.3.1810785","volume":"181","author":"RB Iyer","year":"2003","unstructured":"R. B. Iyer, P. M. Silverman, E. P. Tamm, J. S. Dunnington, and R. A. DuBrow, \u201cDiagnosis, Staging, and Follow-Up of Esophageal Cancer,\u201d American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 181, no. 3, pp. 785\u2013793, Sep. 2003, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.181.3.1810785.","journal-title":"American Journal of Roentgenology"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.146.2.6849089","volume":"146","author":"D Picus","year":"1983","unstructured":"D. Picus, D. M. Balfe, R. E. Koehler, C. L. Roper, and J. W. Owen, \u201cComputed tomography in the staging of esophageal carcinoma.,\u201d Radiology, vol. 146, no. 2, pp. 433\u2013438, Feb. 1983, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiology.146.2.6849089.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10388-024-01054-y","volume":"21","author":"S Mine","year":"2024","unstructured":"S. Mine et al., \u201cJapanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer, 12th Edition: Part I,\u201d Esophagus, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 179\u2013215, Jul. 2024, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10388-024-01054-y.","journal-title":"Esophagus"},{"issue":"09","key":"4988_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1009099","volume":"26","author":"JC Souquet","year":"1994","unstructured":"J. C. Souquet et al., \u201cEndoscopic Ultrasonography in the Preoperative Staging of Esophageal Cancer,\u201d Endoscopy, vol. 26, no. 09, pp. 764\u2013766, Nov. 1994, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2007-1009099.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"9","key":"4988_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e328323d6fa","volume":"21","author":"L Pan","year":"2009","unstructured":"L. Pan, P. Gu, G. Huang, H. Xue, and S. Wu, \u201cPrognostic significance of SUV on PET\/CT in patients with esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis,\u201d Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, vol. 21, no. 9, pp. 1008\u20131015, Sep. 2009, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MEG.0b013e328323d6fa.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4988_CR42","first-page":"3263","volume":"23","author":"H Kato","year":"2003","unstructured":"H. Kato et al., \u201cCorrelation of 18-F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation with glucose transporter (Glut-1) expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.,\u201d Anticancer Res, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 3263\u201372, 2003.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"issue":"1A","key":"4988_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S156","DOI":"10.1102\/1470-7330.2011.9040","volume":"11","author":"S Rankin","year":"2011","unstructured":"S. Rankin, \u201cThe value of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET\/CT in oesophageal cancer,\u201d Cancer Imaging, vol. 11, no. 1A, pp. S156\u2013S160, 2011, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1102\/1470-7330.2011.9040.","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.03.045","volume":"82","author":"RJ Cerfolio","year":"2006","unstructured":"R. J. Cerfolio and A. S. Bryant, \u201cMaximum Standardized Uptake Values on Positron Emission Tomography of Esophageal Cancer Predicts Stage, Tumor Biology, and Survival,\u201d Ann Thorac Surg, vol. 82, no. 2, pp. 391\u2013395, Aug. 2006, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.03.045.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"4988_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.5114\/pjr.2020.95945","volume":"85","author":"U Korkmaz","year":"2020","unstructured":"U. Korkmaz et al., \u201cThe relationship between FDG PET\/CT-defined metabolic parameters and the histopathological subtype of oesophageal carcinomas,\u201d Pol J Radiol, vol. 85, pp. 254\u2013260, May 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/pjr.2020.95945.","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4988_CR46","first-page":"1002","volume":"39","author":"T Fukunaga","year":"1998","unstructured":"T. Fukunaga, S. Okazumi, Y. Koide, K. Isono, and K. Imazeki, \u201cEvaluation of esophageal cancers using fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET.,\u201d J Nucl Med, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1002\u20137, Jun. 1998.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"4988_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3805","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.01.083","volume":"22","author":"HL van Westreenen","year":"2004","unstructured":"H. L. van Westreenen et al., \u201cSystematic Review of the Staging Performance of 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in Esophageal Cancer,\u201d Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 22, no. 18, pp. 3805\u20133812, Sep. 2004, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2004.01.083.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2011.08.012","volume":"67","author":"B Ganeshan","year":"2012","unstructured":"B. Ganeshan, K. Skogen, I. Pressney, D. Coutroubis, and K. Miles, \u201cTumour heterogeneity in oesophageal cancer assessed by CT texture analysis: Preliminary evidence of an association with tumour metabolism, stage, and survival,\u201d Clin Radiol, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 157\u2013164, Feb. 2012, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crad.2011.08.012.","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.20.22791","volume":"215","author":"VS Jayaprakasam","year":"2020","unstructured":"V. S. Jayaprakasam et al., \u201cRole of Imaging in Esophageal Cancer Management in 2020: Update for Radiologists,\u201d American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 215, no. 5, pp. 1072\u20131084, Nov. 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/AJR.20.22791.","journal-title":"American Journal of Roentgenology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-013-9986-7","volume":"38","author":"MCB Godoy","year":"2013","unstructured":"M. C. B. Godoy et al., \u201cMultimodality imaging evaluation of esophageal cancer: staging, therapy assessment, and complications,\u201d Abdom Imaging, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 974\u2013993, Oct. 2013, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-013-9986-7.","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"issue":"12","key":"4988_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11121300","volume":"11","author":"L Hao","year":"2024","unstructured":"L. Hao et al., \u201cOptimizing CT Esophagography: Ex Vivo Study on Contrast Ratios, Image Quality, and Dual-Energy Benefits,\u201d Bioengineering, vol. 11, no. 12, p. 1300, Dec. 2024, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bioengineering11121300.","journal-title":"Bioengineering"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2021200132","volume":"41","author":"AA Norton-Gregory","year":"2021","unstructured":"A. A. Norton-Gregory, N. M. Kulkarni, S. D. O\u2019Connor, J. J. Budovec, A. P. Zorn, and S. L. Desouches, \u201cCT Esophagography for Evaluation of Esophageal Perforation,\u201d RadioGraphics, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 447\u2013461, Mar. 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.2021200132.","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3581","volume":"191","author":"Y Yamabe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Y. Yamabe, Y. Kuroki, T. Ishikawa, K. Miyakawa, S. Kuroki, and R. Sekiguchi, \u201cTumor Staging of Advanced Esophageal Cancer: Combination of Double-Contrast Esophagography and Contrast-Enhanced CT,\u201d American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 191, no. 3, pp. 753\u2013757, Sep. 2008, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/AJR.07.3581.","journal-title":"American Journal of Roentgenology"},{"key":"4988_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20170629","author":"R Madan","year":"2017","unstructured":"R. Madan, O. Laur, B. Crudup, L. Peavy, and B. W. Carter, \u201cImaging of iatrogenic oesophageal injuries using optimized CT oesophageal leak protocol: pearls and pitfalls,\u201d Br J Radiol, vol. 91, no. 1083, Dec. 2017, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/bjr.20170629.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.182.5.1821177","volume":"182","author":"F Fadoo","year":"2004","unstructured":"F. Fadoo, D. E. Ruiz, S. K. Dawn, W. R. Webb, and M. B. Gotway, \u201cHelical CT Esophagography for the Evaluation of Suspected Esophageal Perforation or Rupture,\u201d American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 182, no. 5, pp. 1177\u20131179, May 2004, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.182.5.1821177.","journal-title":"American Journal of Roentgenology"},{"issue":"4","key":"4988_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.160.4.8456662","volume":"160","author":"CS White","year":"1993","unstructured":"C. S. White, P. A. Templeton, and S. Attar, \u201cEsophageal perforation: CT findings.,\u201d American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 160, no. 4, pp. 767\u2013770, Apr. 1993, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.160.4.8456662.","journal-title":"American Journal of Roentgenology"},{"issue":"6","key":"4988_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-004-0182-7","volume":"29","author":"C Yoo","year":"2004","unstructured":"C. Yoo, M. S. Levine, R. O. Redfern, I. Laufer, and J. Buyske, \u201cLaparoscopic Heller myotomy and fundoplication: findings and predictive value of early postoperative radiographic studies,\u201d Abdom Imaging, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 643\u2013647, Nov. 2004, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-004-0182-7.","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"issue":"905","key":"4988_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/54892465","volume":"76","author":"SK Morcos","year":"2003","unstructured":"S. K. Morcos, \u201cEffects of radiographic contrast media on the lung,\u201d Br J Radiol, vol. 76, no. 905, pp. 290\u2013295, May 2003, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/bjr\/54892465.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.19.22166","volume":"215","author":"CJ Wei","year":"2020","unstructured":"C. J. Wei, R. B. Levenson, and K. S. Lee, \u201cDiagnostic Utility of CT and Fluoroscopic Esophagography for Suspected Esophageal Perforation in the Emergency Department,\u201d American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 215, no. 3, pp. 631\u2013638, Sep. 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/AJR.19.22166.","journal-title":"American Journal of Roentgenology"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-002-0264-1","volume":"10","author":"N Ghanem","year":"2003","unstructured":"N. Ghanem et al., \u201cRadiological findings in Boerhaave\u2019s syndrome,\u201d Emerg Radiol, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 8\u201313, Apr. 2003, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10140-002-0264-1.","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2012.09.006","volume":"23","author":"AM Monjazeb","year":"2013","unstructured":"A. M. Monjazeb and A. W. Blackstock, \u201cThe Impact of Multimodality Therapy of Distal Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinomas on Treatment-Related Toxicity and Complications,\u201d Semin Radiat Oncol, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 60\u201373, Jan. 2013, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semradonc.2012.09.006.","journal-title":"Semin Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.13392","volume":"39","author":"A Tamagawa","year":"2019","unstructured":"A. TAMAGAWA et al., \u201cInfluence of Postoperative Pneumonia on Esophageal Cancer Survival and Recurrence,\u201d Anticancer Res, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 2671\u20132678, May 2019, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21873\/anticanres.13392.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.272065034","volume":"27","author":"TJ Kim","year":"2007","unstructured":"T. J. Kim et al., \u201cPostoperative Imaging of Esophageal Cancer: What Chest Radiologists Need to Know,\u201d RadioGraphics, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 409\u2013429, Mar. 2007, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.272065034.","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-022-01332-3","volume":"75","author":"U Fumagalli Romario","year":"2023","unstructured":"U. Fumagalli Romario et al., \u201cEsophagectomy\u2014prevention of complications-tips and tricks for the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative stage,\u201d Updates Surg, vol. 75, no. 2, pp. 343\u2013355, Feb. 2023, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13304-022-01332-3.","journal-title":"Updates Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2016150126","volume":"36","author":"JC Flanagan","year":"2016","unstructured":"J. C. Flanagan et al., \u201cEsophagectomy and Gastric Pull-through Procedures: Surgical Techniques, Imaging Features, and Potential Complications,\u201d RadioGraphics, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 107\u2013121, Jan. 2016, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.2016150126.","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2012.07.007","volume":"92","author":"D Raymond","year":"2012","unstructured":"D. Raymond, \u201cComplications of Esophagectomy,\u201d Surgical Clinics of North America, vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 1299\u20131313, Oct. 2012, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suc.2012.07.007.","journal-title":"Surgical Clinics of North America"},{"issue":"8","key":"4988_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2013.2356","volume":"148","author":"NH Bhayani","year":"2013","unstructured":"N. H. Bhayani, A. Gupta, C. M. Dunst, A. A. Kurian, K. M. Reavis, and L. L. Swanstr\u00f6m, \u201cEsophagectomies With Thoracic Incisions Carry Increased Pulmonary Morbidity,\u201d JAMA Surg, vol. 148, no. 8, p. 733, Aug. 2013, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamasurg.2013.2356.","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)02570-4","volume":"72","author":"JBF Hulscher","year":"2001","unstructured":"J. B. F. Hulscher, J. G. P. Tijssen, H. Obertop, and J. J. B. van Lanschot, \u201cTransthoracic versus transhiatal resection for carcinoma of the esophagus: a meta-analysis,\u201d Ann Thorac Surg, vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 306\u2013313, Jul. 2001, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)02570-4.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"4988_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(99)80238-4","volume":"169","author":"JD Urschel","year":"1995","unstructured":"J. D. Urschel, \u201cEsophagogastrostomy anastomotic leaks complicating esophagectomy: A review,\u201d The American Journal of Surgery, vol. 169, no. 6, pp. 634\u2013640, Jun. 1995, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0002-9610(99)80238-4.","journal-title":"The American Journal of Surgery"},{"issue":"9","key":"4988_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0007-1323.2001.01829.x","volume":"88","author":"J Bruce","year":"2001","unstructured":"J. Bruce, Z. H. Krukowski, G. Al-Khairy, E. M. Russell, and K. G. M. Park, \u201cSystematic review of the definition and measurement of anastomotic leak after gastrointestinal surgery,\u201d Journal of British Surgery, vol. 88, no. 9, pp. 1157\u20131168, Sep. 2001, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.0007-1323.2001.01829.x.","journal-title":"Journal of British Surgery"},{"issue":"7","key":"4988_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2011.01304.x","volume":"25","author":"C Schieman","year":"2012","unstructured":"C. Schieman et al., \u201cPatterns of operative mortality following esophagectomy,\u201d Diseases of the Esophagus, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 645\u2013651, Sep. 2012, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2011.01304.x.","journal-title":"Diseases of the Esophagus"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-0679(03)70029-X","volume":"15","author":"S Paul","year":"2003","unstructured":"S. Paul and R. Bueno, \u201cSection VI: complications following esophagectomy: early detection, treatment, and prevention.,\u201d Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 210\u20135, Apr. 2003.","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.20363","volume":"92","author":"T Lerut","year":"2005","unstructured":"T. Lerut et al., \u201cSurgical techniques,\u201d J Surg Oncol, vol. 92, no. 3, pp. 218\u2013229, Dec. 2005, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.20363.","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"4988_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doaa039","author":"M Fabbi","year":"2020","unstructured":"M. Fabbi, E. R. C. Hagens, M. I. van Berge Henegouwen, and S. S. Gisbertz, \u201cAnastomotic leakage after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: definitions, diagnostics, and treatment,\u201d Diseases of the Esophagus, Jun. 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/dote\/doaa039.","journal-title":"Diseases of the Esophagus"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000179645.17384.12","volume":"242","author":"LW Martin","year":"2005","unstructured":"L. W. Martin et al., \u201cIntrathoracic Leaks Following Esophagectomy Are No Longer Associated With Increased Mortality,\u201d Ann Surg, vol. 242, no. 3, pp. 392\u2013402, Sep. 2005, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.sla.0000179645.17384.12.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"4988_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-022-05573-w","volume":"27","author":"JH Loo","year":"2023","unstructured":"J. H. Loo, A. D. R. Ng, K. S. Chan, and A. M. Oo, \u201cOutcomes of Intraoperative Pyloric Drainage on Delayed Gastric Emptying Following Esophagectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,\u201d Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 823\u2013835, Apr. 2023, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11605-022-05573-w.","journal-title":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery"},{"key":"4988_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doac007","author":"H Nienh\u00fcser","year":"2022","unstructured":"H. Nienh\u00fcser et al., \u201cMechanical stretching and chemical pyloroplasty to prevent delayed gastric emptying after esophageal cancer resection\u2014a meta-analysis and review of the literature,\u201d Diseases of the Esophagus, vol. 35, no. 7, Jul. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/dote\/doac007.","journal-title":"Diseases of the Esophagus"},{"issue":"4","key":"4988_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-021-08511-0","volume":"36","author":"Y Nevo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Y. Nevo et al., \u201cEndoscopic pyloromyotomy in minimally invasive esophagectomy: a novel approach,\u201d Surg Endosc, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 2341\u20132348, Apr. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-021-08511-0.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-007-9225-9","volume":"21","author":"MS Kent","year":"2007","unstructured":"M. S. Kent et al., \u201cA pilot study of botulinum toxin injection for the treatment of delayed gastric emptying following esophagectomy,\u201d Surg Endosc, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 754\u2013757, May 2007, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-007-9225-9.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2004.06.029","volume":"18","author":"TE Lerut","year":"2004","unstructured":"T. E. Lerut and J. J. B. van Lanschot, \u201cChronic symptoms after subtotal or partial oesophagectomy: diagnosis and treatment,\u201d Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 901\u2013915, Oct. 2004, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpg.2004.06.029.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2023.01.026","volume":"115","author":"B Na","year":"2023","unstructured":"B. Na, C. H. Kang, K. J. Na, S. Park, I. K. Park, and Y. T. Kim, \u201cRisk Factors of Anastomosis Stricture After Esophagectomy and the Impact of Anastomosis Technique,\u201d Ann Thorac Surg, vol. 115, no. 5, pp. 1257\u20131264, May 2023, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2023.01.026.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"4988_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doac004","author":"K Takahashi","year":"2022","unstructured":"K. Takahashi et al., \u201cRisk stratification of anastomotic stricture using early postoperative endoscopic and computed tomography findings in patients undergoing esophagectomy with cervical esophagogastric anastomosis for esophageal cancer,\u201d Diseases of the Esophagus, vol. 35, no. 11, Nov. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/dote\/doac004.","journal-title":"Diseases of the Esophagus"},{"issue":"6","key":"4988_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2022.06.012","volume":"162","author":"A Agrawal","year":"2022","unstructured":"A. Agrawal, U. Chaddha, V. Kaul, A. Desai, E. Gillaspie, and F. Maldonado, \u201cMultidisciplinary Management of Chylothorax,\u201d Chest, vol. 162, no. 6, pp. 1402\u20131412, Dec. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2022.06.012.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-23-1636","volume":"16","author":"M Bhatnagar","year":"2024","unstructured":"M. Bhatnagar, A. Fisher, S. Ramsaroop, A. Carter, and B. Pippard, \u201cChylothorax: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management\u2014a comprehensive review,\u201d J Thorac Dis, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 1645\u20131661, Feb. 2024, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jtd-23-1636.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.02.076","volume":"80","author":"SM Lagarde","year":"2005","unstructured":"S. M. Lagarde, J. M. T. Omloo, K. de Jong, O. R. C. Busch, H. Obertop, and J. J. B. van Lanschot, \u201cIncidence and Management of Chyle Leakage After Esophagectomy,\u201d Ann Thorac Surg, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 449\u2013454, Aug. 2005, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.02.076.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021210294","volume":"302","author":"S Patel","year":"2022","unstructured":"S. Patel, S. Hur, T. Khaddash, S. Simpson, and M. Itkin, \u201cIntranodal CT Lymphangiography with Water-soluble Iodinated Contrast Medium for Imaging of the Central Lymphatic System,\u201d Radiology, vol. 302, no. 1, pp. 228\u2013233, Jan. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2021210294.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"01","key":"4988_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"063","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1273941","volume":"28","author":"E Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"E. Chen and M. Itkin, \u201cThoracic Duct Embolization for Chylous Leaks,\u201d Semin Intervent Radiol, vol. 28, no. 01, pp. 063\u2013074, Mar. 2011, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0031-1273941.","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4988_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-014-0888-z","volume":"37","author":"S Kariya","year":"2014","unstructured":"S. Kariya, A. Komemushi, M. Nakatani, R. Yoshida, Y. Kono, and N. Tanigawa, \u201cIntranodal Lymphangiogram: Technical Aspects and Findings,\u201d Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 1606\u20131610, Dec. 2014, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00270-014-0888-z.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-017-1856-1","volume":"41","author":"GJ Nadolski","year":"2018","unstructured":"G. J. Nadolski, N. R. Chauhan, and M. Itkin, \u201cLymphangiography and Lymphatic Embolization for the Treatment of Refractory Chylous Ascites,\u201d Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 415\u2013423, Mar. 2018, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00270-017-1856-1.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"03","key":"4988_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1713445","volume":"37","author":"E Santos","year":"2020","unstructured":"E. Santos and A. M. Moussa, \u201cChylous Ascites and Lymphoceles: Evaluation and Interventions,\u201d Semin Intervent Radiol, vol. 37, no. 03, pp. 274\u2013284, Aug. 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1713445.","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4988_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-022-01293-1","volume":"24","author":"EW Youssef","year":"2022","unstructured":"E. W. Youssef, A. Aly, A. Brahmbhatt, A. Moussa, and E. Santos, \u201cLymphatic Interventions in the Cancer Patient,\u201d Curr Oncol Rep, vol. 24, no. 10, pp. 1351\u20131361, Oct. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11912-022-01293-1.","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"key":"4988_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.106046","volume":"93","author":"H Murad","year":"2021","unstructured":"H. Murad, B. Huang, N. Ndegwa, I. Rouvelas, and F. Klevebro, \u201cPostoperative hiatal herniation after open vs. minimally invasive esophagectomy; a systematic review and meta-analysis,\u201d International Journal of Surgery, vol. 93, p. 106046, Sep. 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.106046.","journal-title":"International Journal of Surgery"},{"issue":"12","key":"4988_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4409","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-013-3173-3","volume":"27","author":"GP Kohn","year":"2013","unstructured":"G. P. Kohn et al., \u201cGuidelines for the management of hiatal hernia,\u201d Surg Endosc, vol. 27, no. 12, pp. 4409\u20134428, Dec. 2013, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-013-3173-3.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-024-03115-8","volume":"28","author":"J Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"J. Li, Y. Wang, and X. Shao, \u201cPresentation and management of post-esophagectomy or Gastrectomy Hiatal Hernia,\u201d Hernia, vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 1889\u20131897, Jul. 2024, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10029-024-03115-8.","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2011.01268.x","volume":"25","author":"K Nishimura","year":"2012","unstructured":"K. Nishimura et al., \u201cReflux esophagitis after esophagectomy: impact of duodenogastroesophageal reflux,\u201d Diseases of the Esophagus, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 381\u2013385, Jul. 2012, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2011.01268.x.","journal-title":"Diseases of the Esophagus"},{"issue":"6","key":"4988_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1159\/000515146","volume":"39","author":"Y Ochiai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Y. Ochiai et al., \u201cEfficacy of Vonoprazan for Refractory Reflux Esophagitis after Esophagectomy,\u201d Digestive Diseases, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 569\u2013576, 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000515146.","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"4988_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/1010-7940(92)90079-D","volume":"6","author":"P Deleyn","year":"1992","unstructured":"P. DELEYN, W. COOSEMANS, and T. LERUT, \u201cEarly and late functional results in patients with intrathoracic gastric replacement after oesophagectomy for carcinoma,\u201d European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 79\u201385, 1992, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/1010-7940(92)90079-D.","journal-title":"European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001538","volume":"117","author":"PO Katz","year":"2022","unstructured":"P. O. Katz, K. B. Dunbar, F. H. Schnoll-Sussman, K. B. Greer, R. Yadlapati, and S. J. Spechler, \u201cACG Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease,\u201d American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 117, no. 1, pp. 27\u201356, Jan. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001538.","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2021.10.021","volume":"114","author":"C Chang","year":"2022","unstructured":"C. Chang et al., \u201cMonitoring for Recurrence After Esophagectomy,\u201d Ann Thorac Surg, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 211\u2013217, Jul. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2021.10.021.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"4988_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14051540","volume":"14","author":"A Katano","year":"2025","unstructured":"A. Katano, T. Kiritoshi, S. Sawayanagi, and H. Yamashita, \u201cSalvage Chemoradiotherapy for Loco-Regional Recurrence of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Esophagectomy,\u201d J Clin Med, vol. 14, no. 5, p. 1540, Feb. 2025, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14051540.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12010114","volume":"12","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, L. Peng, and L. Zhang, \u201cResearch Progress on the Predicting Factors and Coping Strategies for Postoperative Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer,\u201d Cells, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 114, Dec. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells12010114.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"1","key":"4988_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11568-w","volume":"23","author":"K Sugawara","year":"2023","unstructured":"K. Sugawara et al., \u201cSurvival outcomes of esophageal cancer patients with recurrence after curative treatments,\u201d BMC Cancer, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 1051, Nov. 2023, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-023-11568-w.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"14","key":"4988_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16142539","volume":"16","author":"A Mitamura","year":"2024","unstructured":"A. Mitamura, S. Tsujinaka, T. Nakano, K. Sawada, and C. Shibata, \u201cTreatment Strategies for Locoregional Recurrence in Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Review,\u201d Cancers (Basel), vol. 16, no. 14, p. 2539, Jul. 2024, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers16142539.","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"4988_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doac034","author":"S Chidambaram","year":"2022","unstructured":"S. Chidambaram, V. Sounderajah, N. Maynard, and S. R. Markar, \u201cEvaluation of post-operative surveillance strategies for esophageal and gastric cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis,\u201d Diseases of the Esophagus, vol. 35, no. 12, Dec. 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/dote\/doac034.","journal-title":"Diseases of the Esophagus"},{"issue":"3","key":"4988_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2021.03.011","volume":"101","author":"CT Bakhos","year":"2021","unstructured":"C. T. Bakhos, E. Acevedo, R. V. Petrov, and A. E. Abbas, \u201cSurveillance Following Treatment of Esophageal Cancer,\u201d Surgical Clinics of North America, vol. 101, no. 3, pp. 499\u2013509, Jun. 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suc.2021.03.011.","journal-title":"Surgical Clinics of North America"},{"issue":"4","key":"4988_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2010.01.006","volume":"210","author":"E Abate","year":"2010","unstructured":"E. Abate et al., \u201cRecurrence after Esophagectomy for Adenocarcinoma: Defining Optimal Follow-Up Intervals and Testing,\u201d J Am Coll Surg, vol. 210, no. 4, pp. 428\u2013435, Apr. 2010, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2010.01.006.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"}],"container-title":["Abdominal Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-025-04988-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00261-025-04988-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-025-04988-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T17:04:06Z","timestamp":1762880646000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00261-025-04988-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4988"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-025-04988-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2366-0058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2366-0058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 June 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}