{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T08:15:02Z","timestamp":1769328902260,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,7]],"date-time":"2009-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1241654400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Immunol Immunother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-009-0714-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,6]],"date-time":"2009-05-06T09:28:41Z","timestamp":1241602121000},"page":"2059-2072","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Downregulation of interleukin-7 and hepatocyte growth factor in the thymic microenvironment is associated with thymus involution in tumor-bearing mice"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Roberto","family":"Carrio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norman H.","family":"Altman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana M.","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"714_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2003.00077.x","volume":"195","author":"J Gill","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gill J, Malin M, Sutherland J, Gray D, Hollander G, Boyd R (2003) Thymic generation and regeneration. Immunol Rev 195:28\u201350","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"714_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.2000.0260","volume":"12","author":"G Anderson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Anderson G, Harman BC, Hare KJ, Jenkinson EJ (2000) Microenvironmental regulation of T cell development in the thymus. Semin Immunol 12:457\u2013464","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1323","volume":"7","author":"E Ladi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ladi E, Yin X, Chtanova T, Robey EA (2006) Thymic microenvironments for T cell differentiation and selection. Nat Immunol 7:338\u2013343","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1781","volume":"6","author":"Y Takahama","year":"2006","unstructured":"Takahama Y (2006) Journey through the thymus: stromal guides for T-cell development and selection. Nat Rev Immunol 6:127\u2013135","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR5","first-page":"1162","volume":"43","author":"E Boyd","year":"1932","unstructured":"Boyd E (1932) The weight of the thymus gland in health and disease. Am J Dis Child 43:1162\u20131214","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"714_CR6","first-page":"109","volume":"2","author":"D Metcalf","year":"1967","unstructured":"Metcalf D, Moulds R, Pike B (1967) Influence of the spleen and thymus on immune responses in ageing mice. Clin Exp Immunol 2:109\u2013120","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006611518223","volume":"20","author":"R Aspinall","year":"2000","unstructured":"Aspinall R, Andrew D (2000) Thymic involution in aging. J Clin Immunol 20:250\u2013256","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1033","volume":"5","author":"PJ Linton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Linton PJ, Dorshkind K (2004) Age-related changes in lymphocyte development and function. Nat Immunol 5:133\u2013139","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1985.tb01155.x","volume":"88","author":"WS Lapp","year":"1985","unstructured":"Lapp WS, Ghayur T, Mendes M, Seddik M, Seemayer TA (1985) The functional and histological basis for graft-versus-host-induced immunosuppression. Immunol Rev 88:107\u2013133","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"714_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.18.1.529","volume":"18","author":"BF Haynes","year":"2000","unstructured":"Haynes BF, Markert ML, Sempowski GD, Patel DD, Hale LP (2000) The role of the thymus in immune reconstitution in aging, bone marrow transplantation, and HIV-1 infection. Annu Rev Immunol 18:529\u2013560","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2005.05.006","volume":"17","author":"E Montecino-Rodriquez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Montecino-Rodriquez E, Min H, Dorshkind K (2005) Reevaluating current models of thymic involution. Semin Immunol 17:356\u2013361","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR12","first-page":"303","volume":"42","author":"D Medina","year":"1969","unstructured":"Medina D, DeOme KB (1969) Response of hyperplastic alveolar nodule outgrowth-line D1 to mammary tumor virus, nodule-inducing virus, and prolonged hormonal stimulation acting singly and in combination. J Natl Cancer Inst 42:303\u2013310","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"714_CR13","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"YX Fu","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fu YX, Altman N, Lopez DM (1989) Thymic atrophy induced by murine mammary adenocarcinoma in vivo. In Vivo 3:1\u20135","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"714_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4300","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.143.12.4300","volume":"143","author":"Y Fu","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fu Y, Paul RD, Wang Y, Lopez DM (1989) Thymic involution and thymocyte phenotypic alterations induced by murine mammary adenocarcinomas. J Immunol 143:4300\u20134307","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5635","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.11.5635","volume":"164","author":"B Adkins","year":"2000","unstructured":"Adkins B, Charyulu V, Sun QL, Lobo D, Lopez DM (2000) Early block in maturation is associated with thymic involution in mammary tumor-bearing mice. J Immunol 164:5635\u20135640","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR16","first-page":"89","volume":"23","author":"R Carrio","year":"2009","unstructured":"Carrio R, Lopez DM (2009) Impaired thymopoiesis occurring during the thymic involution of tumor-bearing mice is associated with a down-regulation of the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-XL and A1. Int J Mol Med 23:89\u201398","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"714_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4878","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-07-1956","volume":"101","author":"JE Ohm","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ohm JE, Gabrilovich DI, Sempowski GD, Kisseleva E, Parman KS, Nadaf S, Carbone DP (2003) VEGF inhibits T-cell development and may contribute to tumor-induced immune suppression. Blood 101:4878\u20134886","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"714_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-12-4309","volume":"104","author":"T Imado","year":"2004","unstructured":"Imado T, Iwasaki T, Kataoka Y, Kuroiwa T, Hara H, Fujimoto J, Sano H (2004) Hepatocyte growth factor preserves graft-versus-leukemia effect and T-cell reconstitution after marrow transplantation. Blood 104:1542\u20131549","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"714_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(89)92316-4","volume":"163","author":"K Miyazawa","year":"1989","unstructured":"Miyazawa K, Tsubouchi H, Naka D, Takahashi K, Okigaki M, Arakaki N, Nakayama H, Hirono S, Sakiyama O, Takahashi K et al (1989) Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for human hepatocyte growth factor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 163:967\u2013973","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"714_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.129.5.1177","volume":"129","author":"R Zarnegar","year":"1995","unstructured":"Zarnegar R, Michalopoulos GK (1995) The many faces of hepatocyte growth factor: from hepatopoiesis to hematopoiesis. J Cell Biol 129:1177\u20131180","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"714_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7315","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.12.7315","volume":"172","author":"R Carrio","year":"2004","unstructured":"Carrio R, Bathe OF, Malek TR (2004) Initial antigen encounter programs CD8+ T cells competent to develop into memory cells that are activated in an antigen-free, IL-7- and IL-15-rich environment. J Immunol 172:7315\u20137323","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR22","first-page":"2133","volume":"149","author":"R Carrio","year":"1996","unstructured":"Carrio R, Lopez-Hoyos M, Jimeno J, Benedict MA, Merino R, Benito A, Fernandez-Luna JL, Nunez G, Garcia-Porrero JA, Merino J (1996) A1 demonstrates restricted tissue distribution during embryonic development and functions to protect against cell death. Am J Pathol 149:2133\u20132142","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"714_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.1.657","volume":"173","author":"H Jin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jin H, Carrio R, Yu A, Malek TR (2004) Distinct activation signals determine whether IL-21 induces B cell costimulation, growth arrest, or Bim-dependent apoptosis. J Immunol 173:657\u2013665","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3301545","volume":"8","author":"J Yang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yang J, Dai C, Liu Y (2001) Systemic administration of naked plasmid encoding hepatocyte growth factor ameliorates chronic renal fibrosis in mice. Gene Ther 8:1470\u20131479","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"key":"714_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1021\/js9504494","volume":"85","author":"G Osaka","year":"1996","unstructured":"Osaka G, Carey K, Cuthbertson A, Godowski P, Patapoff T, Ryan A, Gadek T, Mordenti J (1996) Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and expression efficiency of plasmid [33P]DNA following intravenous administration of DNA\/cationic lipid complexes in mice: use of a novel radionuclide approach. J Pharm Sci 85:612\u2013618","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"714_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4340","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.8.4340","volume":"171","author":"JL Owen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Owen JL, Iragavarapu-Charyulu V, Gunja-Smith Z, Herbert LM, Grosso JF, Lopez DM (2003) Up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in T lymphocytes of mammary tumor bearers: role of vascular endothelial growth factor. J Immunol 171:4340\u20134351","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.4.381","volume":"97","author":"E Belle Van","year":"1998","unstructured":"Van Belle E, Witzenbichler B, Chen D, Silver M, Chang L, Schwall R, Isner JM (1998) Potentiated angiogenic effect of scatter factor\/hepatocyte growth factor via induction of vascular endothelial growth factor: the case for paracrine amplification of angiogenesis. Circulation 97:381\u2013390","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"714_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00418.x","volume":"111","author":"J Gille","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gille J, Khalik M, Konig V, Kaufmann R (1998) Hepatocyte growth factor\/scatter factor (HGF\/SF) induces vascular permeability factor (VPF\/VEGF) expression by cultured keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 111:1160\u20131165","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"714_CR29","first-page":"427","volume":"79","author":"J Wojta","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wojta J, Kaun C, Breuss JM, Koshelnick Y, Beckmann R, Hattey E, Mildner M, Weninger W, Nakamura T, Tschachler E, Binder BR (1999) Hepatocyte growth factor increases expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in human keratinocytes and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor flk-1 in human endothelial cells. Lab Invest 79:427\u2013438","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"714_CR30","first-page":"91","volume":"22","author":"QL Sun","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sun QL, Charyulu V, Lobo D, Lopez DM (2002) Role of thymic stromal cell dysfunction in the thymic involution of mammary tumor-bearing mice. Anticancer Res 22:91\u201396","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"714_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.49.2.126","volume":"49","author":"GA Watson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Watson GA, Fu YX, Lopez DM (1991) Splenic macrophages from tumor-bearing mice co-expressing MAC-1 and MAC-2 antigens exert immunoregulatory functions via two distinct mechanisms. J Leukoc Biol 49:126\u2013138","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"714_CR32","first-page":"227","volume":"50","author":"YX Fu","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fu YX, Watson G, Jimenez JJ, Wang Y, Lopez DM (1990) Expansion of immunoregulatory macrophages by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor derived from a murine mammary tumor. Cancer Res 50:227\u2013234","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"714_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.3109\/07357909109039876","volume":"9","author":"DM Lopez","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lopez DM, Lopez-Cepero M, Watson GA, Ganju A, Sotomayor E, Fu YX (1991) Modulation of the immune system by mammary tumor-derived factors. Cancer Invest 9:643\u2013653","journal-title":"Cancer Invest"},{"key":"714_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.3.945","volume":"180","author":"C Calderon","year":"1994","unstructured":"Calderon C, Huang ZH, Gage DA, Sotomayor EM, Lopez DM (1994) Isolation of a nitric oxide inhibitor from mammary tumor cells and its characterization as phosphatidyl serine. J Exp Med 180:945\u2013958","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"714_CR35","first-page":"485","volume":"13","author":"WA Aherne","year":"1980","unstructured":"Aherne WA, Zaitoun AM, Lauder I, Hull DL (1980) Cytokinetic changes in the thymus of tumour-bearing and of dexamethasone-treated mice. Cell Tissue Kinet 13:485\u2013495","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Kinet"},{"key":"714_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2005.00275.x","volume":"205","author":"DD Taub","year":"2005","unstructured":"Taub DD, Longo DL (2005) Insights into thymic aging and regeneration. Immunol Rev 205:72\u201393","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"714_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2005.08.015","volume":"118","author":"H Min","year":"2006","unstructured":"Min H, Montecino-Rodriguez E, Dorshkind K (2006) Reassessing the role of growth hormone and sex steroids in thymic involution. Clin Immunol 118:117\u2013123","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09574.x","volume":"840","author":"JW Hadden","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hadden JW (1998) Thymic endocrinology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 840:352\u2013358","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"714_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-01-065714","volume":"110","author":"Y Huang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Huang Y, Chen X, Dikov MM, Novitskiy SV, Mosse CA, Yang L, Carbone DP (2007) Distinct roles of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 in the aberrant hematopoiesis associated with elevated levels of VEGF. Blood 110:624\u2013631","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"714_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.2000.0264","volume":"12","author":"BO Porter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Porter BO, Malek TR (2000) Thymic and intestinal intraepithelial T lymphocyte development are each regulated by the gammac-dependent cytokines IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15. Semin Immunol 12:465\u2013474","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.24.021605.090727","volume":"24","author":"A Ma","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ma A, Koka R, Burkett P (2006) Diverse functions of IL-2, IL-15, and IL-7 in lymphoid homeostasis. Annu Rev Immunol 24:657\u2013679","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.1.60","volume":"174","author":"M Zamisch","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zamisch M, Moore-Scott B, Su DM, Lucas PJ, Manley N, Richie ER (2005) Ontogeny and regulation of IL-7-expressing thymic epithelial cells. J Immunol 174:60\u201367","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3078","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737585","volume":"37","author":"R Carrio","year":"2007","unstructured":"Carrio R, Rolle CE, Malek TR (2007) Non-redundant role for IL-7R signaling for the survival of CD8+ memory T cells. Eur J Immunol 37:3078\u20133088","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3550","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.7.3550","volume":"167","author":"L Lai","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lai L, Goldschneider I (2001) Cutting edge: identification of a hybrid cytokine consisting of IL-7 and the beta-chain of the hepatocyte growth factor\/scatter factor. J Immunol 167:3550\u20133554","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"714_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-08-3470","volume":"107","author":"L Lai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lai L, Zeff RA, Goldschneider I (2006) A recombinant single-chain IL-7\/HGFbeta hybrid cytokine induces juxtacrine interactions of the IL-7 and HGF (c-Met) receptors and stimulates the proliferation of CFU-S12, CLPs, and pre-pro-B cells. Blood 107:1776\u20131784","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00262-009-0714-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00262-009-0714-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00262-009-0714-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T01:33:04Z","timestamp":1684978384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00262-009-0714-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,7]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["714"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00262-009-0714-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-7004","1432-0851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-7004","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,7]]}}}