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However, the role of other oncoviruses in OPSCC is unknown.\n<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 158 consecutive OPSCC patients treated with curative intent were included. DNA extracted from tumor sections was used to detect Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV), HPV, and the following polyomaviruses: John Cunningham virus (JCV), Simian virus 40 (SV40), and BK virus (BKV) with PCR. In addition, p16 expression was studied by immunohistochemistry, and EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) transcripts were localized by in situ hybridization. The effect of viral status on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was analyzed.\n<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 94\/158 samples (59.5%) were HPV-positive, 29.1% contained BKV DNA, 20.3% EBV DNA, 13.9% JCV DNA, and 0.6% SV40 DNA. EBER was expressed only in stromal lymphocytes adjacent to the tumor and correlated with HPV positivity (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.026). p16 expression associated only with HPV. None of the three polyomaviruses had an impact on survival. Patients with EBER-positive but HPV-negative OPSCC had significantly poorer OS and DFS than those with HPV-positive OPSCC and slightly worse prognosis compared with the patients with EBER-negative and HPV-negative OPSCC.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Polyomaviruses are detectable in OPSCC but seem to have no impact on survival, whereas HPV was the strongest viral prognostic factor. EBER expression, as a sign of latent EBV infection, may have prognostic impact among patients with HPV-negative OPSCC. EBER analysis may identify a new subgroup of OPSCCs unrelated to HPV.\n<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-020-02570-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T15:04:29Z","timestamp":1587395069000},"page":"1615-1626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV) and polyomaviruses are detectable in oropharyngeal cancer and EBV may have prognostic impact"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0117-8559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timo","family":"Carp\u00e9n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0738-5698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stina","family":"Syrj\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1354-8027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauri","family":"Jouhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reija","family":"Randen-Brady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0456-4965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caj","family":"Haglund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0451-2404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antti","family":"M\u00e4kitie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1911-1811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petri S.","family":"Mattila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6079-7881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaana","family":"Hagstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2570_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25450","volume":"41","author":"M Ruuskanen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ruuskanen M, Irjala H, Minn H, Vahlberg T, Randen-Brady R, Hagstrom J, Syrjanen S, Leivo I (2019) Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomaviruses as favorable prognostic factors in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a nationwide study in Finland. 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