{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T04:31:07Z","timestamp":1747197067491,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]],"date-time":"2022-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]],"date-time":"2022-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018936","name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018936","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Immunol Immunother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction (PLR) is a rare phenomenon in metastasized melanoma associated with poor prognosis and rapid disease progression. Currently, no specific therapeutic options exist other than treating the underlying malignancy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Five cases of paraneoplastic neutrophilia in patients with advanced-stage IV melanoma were enrolled in our study. Cytokine concentrations in patients\u2019 serum samples were analyzed before and during PLR using a multiplex cytokine array. Further, immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissue biopsied during PLR was performed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We observed a strong correlation between worsening of tumor burden and aggravation of neutrophilia. Cytokine measurements revealed an increase of proinflammatory cytokines (IL6, IFN<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>), proangiogenic cytokines (VEGF) and immune stem cell growth factors (G-CSF) during PLR. Immunohistochemistry confirmed neutrophil infiltration of tumor tissue. The presented cytokine alterations provide a basis for further functional analysis, which is necessary for the development of targeted therapeutic approaches against PLR.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-022-03249-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]],"date-time":"2022-07-16T09:03:06Z","timestamp":1657962186000},"page":"509-513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cytokine alterations during paraneoplastic neutrophilia and leukemoid reaction in patients with advanced melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0110-7147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin-Wen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Wald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Salzmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Halama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica C.","family":"Hassel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"3249_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2014-208645","author":"E Gouveia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gouveia E, Sousa M, Passos MJ, Moreira A (2015) Paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction in a patient with BRAF V600E-mutated metastatic malignant melanoma. 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Further, all subjects that donated serum for our biobank have provided written informed consent for it to be analyzed. Its retrospective analysis has been deemed ethical by beforementioned votes of the ethics committee of the University Hospital Heidelberg, according to the declaration of Helsinki. All personal information has been made anonymous. No patient identifying materials (individual details, images, or videos) are being published.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"S-207\/2005; S-454\/2015","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}]}}