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While ICI treatments result in improved survival, quality of life and are cost-effective, the majority of patients experience at least one immune-related adverse event (irAE). Many of these side effects cause little discomfort or are asymptomatic; however, irAEs can affect any organ and are potentially life-threatening. Consequently, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of irAEs are critical for optimizing long-term outcomes and quality of life in affected patients. Some irAEs are diagnosed according to typical symptoms, others by abnormal findings from diagnostic tests. While there are various guidelines addressing the management of irAEs, recommendations for the early recognition of irAEs as well as the optimal extent and frequency of laboratory tests are mostly lacking. In clinical practice, blood sampling is usually performed before each ICI administration (i.e., every 2\u20133\u00a0weeks), often for several months, representing a burden for patients as well as health care systems. In this report, we propose essential laboratory and functional tests to improve the early detection and management of irAEs and in cancer patients treated with ICIs. These multidisciplinary expert recommendations regarding essential laboratory and functional tests can be used to identify possible irAEs at an early time point, initiate appropriate interventions to improve patient outcomes, and reduce the burden of blood sampling during ICI treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-023-03436-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T09:58:38Z","timestamp":1680688718000},"page":"1991-2001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Multidisciplinary recommendations for essential baseline functional and laboratory tests to facilitate early diagnosis and management of immune-related adverse events among cancer patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7380-0055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berna C.","family":"\u00d6zdemir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Espinosa da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitri","family":"Arangalage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Monney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina A.","family":"Guler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uyen","family":"Huynh-Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Stirnimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Possamai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Trepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Hoepner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Salmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille L.","family":"Gerard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Hruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Christ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sacha I.","family":"Rothschild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"3436_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709937","volume":"377","author":"SJ Antonia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Antonia SJ, Villegas A, Daniel D, Vicente D, Murakami S, Hui R et al (2017) Durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy in stage iii non-small-cell lung cancer. 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GST received research funding from Bayer, consulting fee from Advanz Pharma and travel\/accommodation support from Alnylam and Gilead. RH received speaker\/advisor honoraria from Merck, Novartis, Roche, Biogen, Alexion, Sanofi, Janssen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Teva\/Mepha and Almirall and research grants from Roche, Merck, Sanofi, Biogen, Chiesi, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. AS received speaker honoraria and\/or travel compensation for activities with Bristol-Myers Squibb, CSL Behring, Novartis, and Roche, and research support by the Baasch-Medicus Foundation, the Medical Faculty of the University of Bern and the Swiss MS Society, not related to this work.LC received research\/non-financial support, advisory fee and stock ownership from Gilead Sciences, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Sanofi. SIR received consulting or advisory fees from\u00a0Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eisai, Roche, Novartis, Merck Serono, MSD Oncology, Pfizer, Takeda, AbbVie, research funding from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eisai, Merck Serono, AbbVie, fees for expert testimony from\u00a0Roche, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and travel\/accommodation expenses from Roche Pharma AG, Lilly, Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Amgen. All other authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interest to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}