{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T21:52:23Z","timestamp":1791496343074,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Clinical Research Foundation of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology","award":["PKUSS-2023CRF1012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PKUSS-2023CRF1012"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022YFC2504203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2504203"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018904","name":"Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Y-MSDPU2022-0547"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y-MSDPU2022-0547"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018904","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Immunol Immunother"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-025-04014-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T13:34:51Z","timestamp":1742391291000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Single-cell sequencing reveals tumor microenvironment features associated with the response to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Pu-Gen","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi-Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"4014_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","volume":"74","author":"F Bray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A (2024) Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 74:229\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21834","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"4014_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2009-0289","volume":"15","author":"D Pulte","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pulte D, Brenner H (2010) Changes in survival in head and neck cancers in the late 20th and early 21st century: a period analysis. Oncologist 15:994\u20131001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1634\/theoncologist.2009-0289","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"4014_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.02.001","volume":"90","author":"DK Zanoni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zanoni DK, Montero PH, Migliacci JC, Shah JP, Wong RJ, Ganly I, Patel SG (2019) Survival outcomes after treatment of cancer of the oral cavity (1985\u20132015). Oral Oncol 90:115\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.02.001","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"4014_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.05.008","volume":"84","author":"JS Cooper","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cooper JS, Zhang Q, Pajak TF et al (2012) Long-term follow-up of the RTOG 9501\/intergroup phase III trial: postoperative concurrent radiation therapy and chemotherapy in high-risk squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 84:1198\u20131205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.05.008","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"4014_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27119","volume":"44","author":"R Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li R, Ye L, Zhu Y et al (2022) Induction chemotherapy of modified docetaxel, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil for laryngeal preservation in locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 44:2018\u20132029. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hed.27119","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"4014_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx299","volume":"28","author":"MG Ghi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghi MG, Paccagnella A, Ferrari D et al (2017) Induction TPF followed by concomitant treatment versus concomitant treatment alone in locally advanced head and neck cancer. A phase II\u2013III trial. Ann Oncol 28:2206\u20132212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdx299","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"4014_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2013.54.6309","volume":"32","author":"EE Cohen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cohen EE, Karrison TG, Kocherginsky M et al (2014) Phase III randomized trial of induction chemotherapy in patients with N2 or N3 locally advanced head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 32:2735\u20132743. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2013.54.6309","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4014_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2302983","volume":"389","author":"H Wakelee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wakelee H, Liberman M, Kato T et al (2023) Perioperative Pembrolizumab for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 389:491\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2302983","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4014_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2202170","volume":"386","author":"PM Forde","year":"2022","unstructured":"Forde PM, Spicer J, Lu S et al (2022) Neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy in resectable lung cancer. N Engl J Med 386:1973\u20131985. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2202170","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4014_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02469-3","volume":"29","author":"J Yin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yin J, Yuan J, Li Y et al (2023) Neoadjuvant adebrelimab in locally advanced resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a phase 1b trial. Nat Med 29:2068\u20132078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-023-02469-3","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"4014_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-0375-9","volume":"31","author":"YZ Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang YZ, Liu Y, Xiao Y et al (2021) Molecular subtyping and genomic profiling expand precision medicine in refractory metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: the FUTURE trial. Cell Res 31:178\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41422-020-0375-9","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"4014_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32591-7","volume":"394","author":"B Burtness","year":"2019","unstructured":"Burtness B, Harrington KJ, Greil R et al (2019) Pembrolizumab alone or with chemotherapy versus cetuximab with chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-048): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet 394:1915\u20131928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32591-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4014_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5140","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.Ccr-20-1695","volume":"26","author":"R Uppaluri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Uppaluri R, Campbell KM, Egloff AM et al (2020) Neoadjuvant and adjuvant pembrolizumab in resectable locally advanced, human papillomavirus-unrelated head and neck cancer: a multicentre, phase II trial. Clin Cancer Res 26:5140\u20135152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.Ccr-20-1695","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"4014_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-3351","volume":"28","author":"TM Wise-Draper","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wise-Draper TM, Gulati S, Palackdharry S et al (2022) Phase II clinical trial of neoadjuvant and adjuvant pembrolizumab in resectable local-regionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 28:1345\u20131352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-3351","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"4014_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3268","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-22-0666","volume":"28","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Wu B, Peng G et al (2022) Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for the treatment of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a single-arm phase 2 clinical trial. Clin Cancer Res 28:3268\u20133276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-22-0666","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"4014_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1282629","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1282629","volume":"14","author":"WJ Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu WJ, Liu Q, An PG, Wang L, Zhang JY, Chen Y, Zhang T, Zhang J (2023) Neoadjuvant tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy in locally advanced oral or oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a real-world retrospective study. Front Immunol 14:1282629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1282629","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4014_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6583","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.6583","volume":"38","author":"R Zinner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zinner R, Johnson JM, Tuluc M et al (2020) Neoadjuvant nivolumab (N) plus weekly carboplatin (C) and paclitaxel (P) in resectable locally advanced head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 38:6583. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.6583","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4014_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-001378","author":"M Hecht","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hecht M, Gostian AO, Eckstein M et al (2020) Safety and efficacy of single cycle induction treatment with cisplatin\/docetaxel\/ durvalumab\/tremelimumab in locally advanced HNSCC: first results of CheckRad-CD8. J Immunother Cancer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jitc-2020-001378","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"4014_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-021-00292-8","volume":"3","author":"B Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu B, Hu X, Feng K et al (2022) Temporal single-cell tracing reveals clonal revival and expansion of precursor exhausted T cells during anti-PD-1 therapy in lung cancer. Nat Cancer 3:108\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43018-021-00292-8","journal-title":"Nat Cancer"},{"key":"4014_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.04.011","volume":"41","author":"J Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li J, Wu C, Hu H et al (2023) Remodeling of the immune and stromal cell compartment by PD-1 blockade in mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell 41:1152\u201369.e7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.04.011","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"4014_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00658-5","volume":"6","author":"H Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao H, Wu L, Yan G, Chen Y, Zhou M, Wu Y, Li Y (2021) Inflammation and tumor progression: signaling pathways and targeted intervention. Signal Transduct Target Ther 6:263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-021-00658-5","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"4014_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.08.020","volume":"42","author":"Y Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao Y, Li J, Cheng W et al (2024) Cross-tissue human fibroblast atlas reveals myofibroblast subtypes with distinct roles in immune modulation. Cancer Cell 42:1764\u201383.e10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.08.020","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"4014_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14011","volume":"515","author":"RS Herbst","year":"2014","unstructured":"Herbst RS, Soria JC, Kowanetz M et al (2014) Predictive correlates of response to the anti-PD-L1 antibody MPDL3280A in cancer patients. Nature 515:563\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature14011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4014_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.Ccr-15-1507","volume":"22","author":"PS Hegde","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hegde PS, Karanikas V, Evers S (2016) The where, the when, and the how of immune monitoring for cancer immunotherapies in the era of checkpoint inhibition. Clin Cancer Res 22:1865\u20131874. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.Ccr-15-1507","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"4014_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2785","volume":"10","author":"S Sakaguchi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sakaguchi S, Miyara M, Costantino CM, Hafler DA (2010) FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in the human immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 10:490\u2013500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri2785","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"4014_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-020-00938-3","volume":"22","author":"NE Wondergem","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wondergem NE, Nauta IH, Muijlwijk T, Leemans CR, van de Ven R (2020) The immune microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: on subsets and subsites. Curr Oncol Rep 22:81. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11912-020-00938-3","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"key":"4014_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","volume":"144","author":"D Hanahan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hanahan D, Weinberg RA (2011) Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 144:646\u2013674. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4014_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20140692","volume":"211","author":"D \u00d6hlund","year":"2014","unstructured":"\u00d6hlund D, Elyada E, Tuveson D (2014) Fibroblast heterogeneity in the cancer wound. J Exp Med 211:1503\u20131523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20140692","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"4014_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.279737.116","volume":"30","author":"P Gascard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gascard P, Tlsty TD (2016) Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts: orchestrating the composition of malignancy. Genes Dev 30:1002\u20131019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/gad.279737.116","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"4014_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20190457","volume":"1","author":"V Koliaraki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Koliaraki V, Henriques A, Prados A, Kollias G (2020) Unfolding innate mechanisms in the cancer microenvironment: the emerging role of the mesenchyme. J Exp Med 1:2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20190457","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"4014_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1996.76.1.69","volume":"76","author":"L R\u00f8nnov-Jessen","year":"1996","unstructured":"R\u00f8nnov-Jessen L, Petersen OW, Bissell MJ (1996) Cellular changes involved in conversion of normal to malignant breast: importance of the stromal reaction. Physiol Rev 76:69\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.1996.76.1.69","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"4014_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2021.188673","volume":"1877","author":"JG Delinassios","year":"2022","unstructured":"Delinassios JG, Hoffman RM (2022) The cancer-inhibitory effects of proliferating tumor-residing fibroblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 1877:188673. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbcan.2021.188673","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer"},{"key":"4014_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.10.042","author":"L Onder","year":"2024","unstructured":"Onder L, Papadopoulou C, L\u00fctge A et al (2024) Fibroblastic reticular cells generate protective intratumoral T cell environments in lung cancer. Cell. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2024.10.042","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4014_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.09.011","volume":"56","author":"I Mellman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mellman I, Chen DS, Powles T, Turley SJ (2023) The cancer-immunity cycle: indication, genotype, and immunotype. Immunity 56:2188\u20132205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.09.011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"4014_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2021.10.008","volume":"39","author":"J Duraiswamy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Duraiswamy J, Turrini R, Minasyan A et al (2021) Myeloid antigen-presenting cell niches sustain antitumor T cells and license PD-1 blockade via CD28 costimulation. Cancer Cell 39:1623\u201342.e20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2021.10.008","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"}],"container-title":["Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00262-025-04014-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00262-025-04014-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00262-025-04014-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T10:48:56Z","timestamp":1745750936000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00262-025-04014-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["4014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00262-025-04014-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The four patients originated from a clinical trial, which was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University School Hospital of Stomatology (PKUSSIRB-202386047), conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06009861). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"151"}}