{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T08:57:57Z","timestamp":1765961877641,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pfizer and Merck","award":["10.13039\/100009945"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10.13039\/100009945"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["m2\/6-c"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["m2\/6-c"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020581","name":"Fondazione AIRC per la ricerca sul cancro ETS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24746"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24746"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020581","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Immunol Immunother"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-025-04021-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T11:47:34Z","timestamp":1744890454000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of peripheral monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells with molecular subtypes in single-center endometrial cancer patients receiving carboplatin\u2009+\u2009paclitaxel\/avelumab (MITO-END3 trial)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"D\u2019Alterio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Rea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Napolitano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Spina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Azzaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Mignogna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Scognamiglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Califano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Arenare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Schettino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Pisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. C.","family":"Cecere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Di Napoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Passarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Perrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Pignata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Scala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"4021_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00323-3","volume":"399","author":"EJ Crosbie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Crosbie EJ, Kitson SJ, McAlpine JN et al (2022) Endometrial cancer. Lancet 399:1412\u20131428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00323-3","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4021_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djx214","volume":"110","author":"J Lortet-Tieulent","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lortet-Tieulent J, Ferlay J, Bray F et al (2017) International patterns and trends in endometrial cancer incidence, 1978\u20132013. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 110:354\u2013361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/djx214","journal-title":"JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"4021_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e214708","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.4708","volume":"4","author":"L Rahib","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rahib L, Wehner MR, Matrisian LM et al (2021) Estimated projection of US cancer incidence and death to 2040. JAMA Netw Open 4:e214708. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.4708","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"4021_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15061799","volume":"15","author":"VM Wagner","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wagner VM, Backes FJ (2023) Do not forget about hormonal therapy for recurrent endometrial cancer: a review of options, updates, and new combinations. Cancers 15:1799","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"4021_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3841","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.20.01076","volume":"38","author":"DS Miller","year":"2020","unstructured":"Miller DS, Filiaci VL, Mannel RS et al (2020) Carboplatin and paclitaxel for advanced endometrial cancer: final overall survival and adverse event analysis of a phase III trial (NRG Oncology\/GOG0209). J Clin Oncol 38:3841\u20133850. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.20.01076","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6275","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13246275","volume":"13","author":"H R\u00fctten","year":"2021","unstructured":"R\u00fctten H, Verhoef C, van Weelden WJ et al (2021) Recurrent endometrial cancer: local and systemic treatment options. Cancers 13:6275","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"4021_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9060632","volume":"9","author":"S Rousset-Rouviere","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rousset-Rouviere S, Rochigneux P, Chr\u00e9tien A-S et al (2021) Endometrial carcinoma: immune microenvironment and emerging treatments in immuno-oncology. Biomedicines 9:632","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"4021_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12113","volume":"497","author":"DA Levine","year":"2013","unstructured":"Levine DA, Getz G, Gabriel SB et al (2013) Integrated genomic characterization of endometrial carcinoma. Nature 497:67\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature12113","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4021_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4101","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15164101","volume":"15","author":"W Zheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zheng W (2023) Molecular classification of endometrial cancer and the 2023 FIGO staging: exploring the challenges and opportunities for pathologists. Cancers 15:4101","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"4021_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cancergen.2019.10.005","volume":"240","author":"AJ O'Hara","year":"2020","unstructured":"O\u2019Hara AJ, Le Gallo M, Rudd ML et al (2020) High-resolution copy number analysis of clear cell endometrial carcinoma. Cancer Genet 240:5\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cancergen.2019.10.005","journal-title":"Cancer Genet"},{"key":"4021_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2016.06.008","volume":"48","author":"P Gargiulo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gargiulo P, Della Pepa C, Berardi S et al (2016) Tumor genotype and immune microenvironment in POLE-ultramutated and MSI-hypermutated Endometrial Cancers: new candidates for checkpoint blockade immunotherapy? Cancer Treat Rev 48:61\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctrv.2016.06.008","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"4021_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2020-002230","volume":"31","author":"N Concin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Concin N, Matias-Guiu X, Vergote I et al (2021) ESGO\/ESTRO\/ESP guidelines for the management of patients with endometrial carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 31:12\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ijgc-2020-002230","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"4021_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e59","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2024.35.e59","volume":"35","author":"KH Han","year":"2024","unstructured":"Han KH, Park N, Lee M et al (2024) The new 2023 FIGO staging system for endometrial cancer: what is different from the previous 2009 FIGO staging system? J Gynecol Oncol. 35:e59","journal-title":"J Gynecol Oncol."},{"key":"4021_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2022.03.016","volume":"165","author":"J Simil\u00e4-Maarala","year":"2022","unstructured":"Simil\u00e4-Maarala J, Soovares P, Pasanen A et al (2022) TCGA molecular classification in endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas: novel data on clear cell carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 165:577\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygyno.2022.03.016","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4215","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.ccr-15-2878","volume":"22","author":"E Stelloo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stelloo E, Nout RA, Osse EM et al (2016) Improved risk assessment by integrating molecular and clinicopathological factors in early-stage endometrial cancer\u2014combined analysis of the PORTEC cohorts. Clin Cancer Res 22:4215\u20134224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.ccr-15-2878","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"4021_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.190","volume":"113","author":"A Talhouk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Talhouk A, McConechy MK, Leung S et al (2015) A clinically applicable molecular-based classification for endometrial cancers. Br J Cancer 113:299\u2013310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bjc.2015.190","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"4021_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13112623","volume":"13","author":"A Santoro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Santoro A, Angelico G, Travaglino A et al (2021) New pathological and clinical insights in endometrial cancer in view of the updated ESGO\/ESTRO\/ESP guidelines. Cancers 13:2623","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"4021_CR18","first-page":"28","volume":"22","author":"RN Eskander","year":"2024","unstructured":"Eskander RN (2024) Revisiting immunotherapy in endometrial cancer. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol H&O 22:28\u201330","journal-title":"Clin Adv Hematol Oncol H&O"},{"key":"4021_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.23.02132","volume":"42","author":"SN Westin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Westin SN, Moore K, Chon HS et al (2024) Durvalumab plus carboplatin\/paclitaxel followed by maintenance durvalumab with or without olaparib as first-line treatment for advanced endometrial cancer: the phase III DUO-E trial. J Clin Oncol 42:283\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.23.02132","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2216334","volume":"388","author":"MR Mirza","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mirza MR, Chase DM, Slomovitz BM et al (2023) Dostarlimab for primary advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. N Engl J Med 388:2145\u20132158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2216334","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4021_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e72","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2025.36.e72","volume":"36","author":"SJ Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee SJ, Yoo JG, Kim JH et al (2025) Gynecologic oncology in 2024: breakthrough trials and evolving treatment strategies for cervical, uterine corpus, and ovarian cancers. J Gynecol Oncol. 36:e72","journal-title":"J Gynecol Oncol."},{"key":"4021_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/s1470-2045(24)00334-6","volume":"25","author":"N Colombo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Colombo N, Biagioli E, Harano K et al (2024) Atezolizumab and chemotherapy for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (AtTEnd): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 25:1135\u20131146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1470-2045(24)00334-6","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2024.04.007","volume":"35","author":"S Pignata","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pignata S, Califano D, Lorusso D et al (2024) MITO END-3: efficacy of avelumab immunotherapy according to molecular profiling in first-line endometrial cancer therapy. Ann Oncol 35:667\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annonc.2024.04.007","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e31822c271f","volume":"21","author":"Y Wataru","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wataru Y, Nobuyuki S, Hideo T et al (2011) Immunofluorescence-detected infiltration of CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells is relevant to the prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 21:1628. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IGC.0b013e31822c271f","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"4021_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2537","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.ccr-18-3241","volume":"25","author":"A Talhouk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Talhouk A, Derocher H, Schmidt P et al (2019) Molecular subtype not immune response drives outcomes in endometrial carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 25:2537\u20132548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.ccr-18-3241","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"4021_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.05.001","volume":"44","author":"C Anderson Ana","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anderson Ana C, Joller N, Kuchroo Vijay K (2016) Lag-3, Tim-3, and TIGIT: co-inhibitory receptors with specialized functions in immune regulation. Immunity 44:989\u20131004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.05.001","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"4021_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1097\/pgp.0000000000000543","volume":"38","author":"N Sungu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sungu N, Yildirim M, Desdicioglu R et al (2019) Expression of immunomodulatory molecules PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2, and their relationship with clinicopathologic characteristics in endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Pathol 38:404\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/pgp.0000000000000543","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"4021_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2014.12.006","volume":"109","author":"A Vanderstraeten","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vanderstraeten A, Tuyaerts S, Amant F (2015) The immune system in the normal endometrium and implications for endometrial cancer development. J Reprod Immunol 109:7\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jri.2014.12.006","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"4021_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.can-06-3037","volume":"67","author":"DI Gabrilovich","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gabrilovich DI, Bronte V, Chen SH et al (2007) The terminology issue for myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Cancer Res 67:425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.can-06-3037","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"4021_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-1882","volume":"70","author":"P-Y Pan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pan P-Y, Ma G, Weber KJ et al (2010) Immune stimulatory receptor CD40 is required for T-cell suppression and T regulatory cell activation mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer. Can Res 70:99\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-1882","journal-title":"Can Res"},{"key":"4021_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1256","volume":"4","author":"JW Pollard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pollard JW (2004) Tumour-educated macrophages promote tumour progression and metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer 4:71\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc1256","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"4021_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4063","DOI":"10.1172\/jci82152","volume":"125","author":"CG Pe\u00f1a","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pe\u00f1a CG, Nakada Y, Saatcioglu HD et al (2015) LKB1 loss promotes endometrial cancer progression via CCL2-dependent macrophage recruitment. J Clin Investig 125:4063\u20134076. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci82152","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"key":"4021_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2016.01.004","volume":"37","author":"V Kumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kumar V, Patel S, Tcyganov E et al (2016) The nature of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment. Trends Immunol 37:208\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.it.2016.01.004","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"4021_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-2508","volume":"20","author":"B Weide","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weide B, Martens A, Zelba H et al (2014) Myeloid-derived suppressor cells predict survival of patients with advanced melanoma: comparison with regulatory T cells and NY-ESO-1- or melan-A\u2013specific T cells. Clin Cancer Res 20:1601\u20131609. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-2508","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"4021_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4018","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.ccr-17-2472","volume":"24","author":"T Sasano","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sasano T, Mabuchi S, Kozasa K et al (2018) The highly metastatic nature of uterine cervical\/endometrial cancer displaying tumor-related leukocytosis: clinical and preclinical investigations. Clin Cancer Res 24:4018\u20134029. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.ccr-17-2472","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"4021_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81298-1","volume":"11","author":"K Shimura","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shimura K, Mabuchi S, Komura N et al (2021) Prognostic significance of bone marrow FDG uptake in patients with gynecological cancer. Sci Rep 11:2257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-81298-1","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4021_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10051073","volume":"10","author":"S Mabuchi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mabuchi S, Sasano T (2021) Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as therapeutic targets in uterine cervical and endometrial cancers. Cells 10:1073. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells10051073","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"4021_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.3.1151","volume":"155","author":"S Sakaguchi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sakaguchi S, Sakaguchi N, Asano M et al (1995) Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chains (CD25). Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases. J Immunol 155:1151\u20131164","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"4021_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.03.019","volume":"30","author":"M Miyara","year":"2009","unstructured":"Miyara M, Yoshioka Y, Kitoh A et al (2009) Functional delineation and differentiation dynamics of human CD4+ T cells expressing the FoxP3 transcription factor. Immunity 30:899\u2013911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.03.019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"4021_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4240","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-10-183251","volume":"113","author":"G Beriou","year":"2009","unstructured":"Beriou G, Costantino CM, Ashley CW et al (2009) IL-17\u2013producing human peripheral regulatory T cells retain suppressive function. Blood 113:4240\u20134249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2008-10-183251","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"4021_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy058","volume":"29","author":"S Kommoss","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kommoss S, McConechy MK, Kommoss F et al (2018) Final validation of the ProMisE molecular classifier for endometrial carcinoma in a large population-based case series. Ann Oncol 29:1180\u20131188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdy058","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16345","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000016345","volume":"98","author":"Z Xi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xi Z, Jing L, Le-Ni K et al (2019) Evaluation of PTEN and CD4+FOXP3+ T cell expressions as diagnostic and predictive factors in endometrial cancer: a case control study. Medicine 98:e16345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/md.0000000000016345","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"4021_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-018-0172-x","volume":"32","author":"S Asaka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Asaka S, Yen T-T, Wang T-L et al (2019) T cell-inflamed phenotype and increased Foxp3 expression in infiltrating T-cells of mismatch-repair deficient endometrial cancers. Mod Pathol 32:576\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41379-018-0172-x","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"4021_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-022-00708-2","volume":"45","author":"T Kolben","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kolben T, Mannewitz M, Perleberg C et al (2022) Presence of regulatory T-cells in endometrial cancer predicts poorer overall survival and promotes progression of tumor cells. Cell Oncol 45:1171\u20131185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13402-022-00708-2","journal-title":"Cell Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR45","first-page":"262","volume":"36","author":"NP Iurchenko","year":"2014","unstructured":"Iurchenko NP, Glushchenko NM, Buchynska LG (2014) Comprehensive analysis of intratumoral lymphocytes and FOXP3 expression in tumor cells of endometrial cancer. Exp Oncol 36:262\u2013266","journal-title":"Exp Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.04.021","volume":"110","author":"A Giatromanolaki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Giatromanolaki A, Bates GJ, Koukourakis MI et al (2008) The presence of tumor-infiltrating FOXP3+ lymphocytes correlates with intratumoral angiogenesis in endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 110:216\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.04.021","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1805764","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1805764","volume":"2020","author":"F Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo F, Dong Y, Tan Q et al (2020) Tissue infiltrating immune cells as prognostic biomarkers in endometrial cancer: a meta-analysis. Dis Markers 2020:1805764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/1805764","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"4021_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabn6173","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abn6173","volume":"8","author":"M van Gulijk","year":"2023","unstructured":"van Gulijk M, van Krimpen A, Schetters S et al (2023) PD-L1 checkpoint blockade promotes regulatory T cell activity that underlies therapy resistance. Sci Immunol 8:eabn6173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.abn6173","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"4021_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2018.05.009","volume":"33","author":"R Zappasodi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zappasodi R, Budhu S, Hellmann MD et al (2018) Non-conventional inhibitory CD4+Foxp3\u2212PD-1hi T cells as a biomarker of immune checkpoint blockade activity. Cancer Cell 33:1017\u201332.e7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2018.05.009","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"4021_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e006802","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2023-006802","volume":"11","author":"A Gai\u00dfler","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gai\u00dfler A, Bochem J, Spreuer J et al (2023) Early decrease of blood myeloid-derived suppressor cells during checkpoint inhibition is a favorable biomarker in metastatic melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 11:e006802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jitc-2023-006802","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"4021_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2023.100546","volume":"3","author":"X Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng X, Lee J, Adamow M et al (2023) A topic modeling approach reveals the dynamic T cell composition of peripheral blood during cancer immunotherapy. Cell Rep Methods 3:100546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crmeth.2023.100546","journal-title":"Cell Rep Methods"},{"key":"4021_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00016-5","volume":"24","author":"S Pignata","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pignata S, Scambia G, Schettino C et al (2023) Carboplatin and paclitaxel plus avelumab compared with carboplatin and paclitaxel in advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (MITO END-3): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 24:286\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00016-5","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.250","volume":"1","author":"SP Perfetto","year":"2006","unstructured":"Perfetto SP, Ambrozak D, Nguyen R et al (2006) Quality assurance for polychromatic flow cytometry. Nat Protoc 1:1522\u20131530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nprot.2006.250","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"4021_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgac032","volume":"43","author":"Y Mise","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mise Y, Hamanishi J, Daikoku T et al (2022) Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in uterine serous carcinoma via CCL7 signal with myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Carcinogenesis 43:647\u2013658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/carcin\/bgac032","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"4021_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5678","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11195678","volume":"11","author":"VE Bounous","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bounous VE, Ferrero A, Campisi P et al (2022) Immunohistochemical markers and TILs evaluation for endometrial carcinoma. J Clin Med 11:5678","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"4021_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.mct-17-1091","volume":"17","author":"EA Kuczynski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kuczynski EA, Krueger J, Chow A et al (2018) Impact of chemical-induced mutational load increase on immune checkpoint therapy in poorly responsive murine tumors. Mol Cancer Ther 17:869\u2013882. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1535-7163.mct-17-1091","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"4021_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3800","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.can-15-1082","volume":"75","author":"SF Ngiow","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ngiow SF, Young A, Jacquelot N et al (2015) A threshold level of intratumor CD8+ T-cell PD1 expression dictates therapeutic response to anti-PD1. Can Res 75:3800\u20133811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.can-15-1082","journal-title":"Can Res"},{"key":"4021_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.cir-16-0060","volume":"4","author":"B Homet Moreno","year":"2016","unstructured":"Homet Moreno B, Zaretsky JM, Garcia-Diaz A et al (2016) Response to programmed cell death-1 blockade in a murine melanoma syngeneic model requires costimulation, CD4, and CD8 T Cells. Cancer Immunol Res 4:845\u2013857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-16-0060","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"4021_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-000764","volume":"8","author":"LA Marshall","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marshall LA, Marubayashi S, Jorapur A et al (2020) Tumors establish resistance to immunotherapy by regulating Treg recruitment via CCR4. J Immunother Cancer 8:e000764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jitc-2020-000764","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"4021_CR60","first-page":"2878","volume":"10","author":"J Choi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choi J, Lee HJ, Yoon S et al (2020) Blockade of CCL2 expression overcomes intrinsic PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitor-resistance in transglutaminase 2-induced PD-L1 positive triple negative breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 10:2878\u20132894","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"key":"4021_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930797","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.930797","volume":"9","author":"V Quagliariello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Quagliariello V, Passariello M, Di Mauro A et al (2022) Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy increases systemic SDF-1, cardiac DAMPs Fibronectin-EDA, S100\/Calgranulin, galectine-3, and NLRP3-MyD88-chemokine pathways. Front Cardiovasc Med 9:930797. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.930797","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"4021_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13129","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.13129","volume":"95","author":"G Zhulai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhulai G, Oleinik E (2022) Targeting regulatory T cells in anti-PD-1\/PD-L1 cancer immunotherapy. Scand J Immunol 95:e13129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sji.13129","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"4021_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-22-0041","volume":"10","author":"H Wakiyama","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wakiyama H, Kato T, Furusawa A et al (2022) Treg-dominant tumor microenvironment is responsible for hyperprogressive disease after PD-1 blockade therapy. Cancer Immunol Res 10:1386\u20131397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-22-0041","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"4021_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9999","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1822001116","volume":"116","author":"T Kamada","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kamada T, Togashi Y, Tay C et al (2019) PD-1+\/regulatory T cells amplified by PD-1 blockade promote hyperprogression of cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci 116:9999\u201310008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1822001116","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"4021_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114819","volume":"43","author":"DB Poschel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Poschel DB, Klement JD, Merting AD et al (2024) PD-L1 restrains PD-1(+)Nrp1(lo) Treg cells to suppress inflammation-driven colorectal tumorigenesis. Cell Rep 43:114819. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114819","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"4021_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(22)00226-1","volume":"23","author":"BC Cho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cho BC, Abreu DR, Hussein M et al (2022) Tiragolumab plus atezolizumab versus placebo plus atezolizumab as a first-line treatment for PD-L1-selected non-small-cell lung cancer (CITYSCAPE): primary and follow-up analyses of a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol 23:781\u2013792. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(22)00226-1","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"4021_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07121-9","volume":"627","author":"X Guan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guan X, Hu R, Choi Y et al (2024) Anti-TIGIT antibody improves PD-L1 blockade through myeloid and T(reg) cells. Nature 627:646\u2013655. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-024-07121-9","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4021_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55746-1","volume":"16","author":"JN S\u00f8ndergaard","year":"2025","unstructured":"S\u00f8ndergaard JN, Tulyeu J, Priest D et al (2025) Single cell suppression profiling of human regulatory T cells. Nat Commun 16:1325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-024-55746-1","journal-title":"Nat Commun"}],"container-title":["Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00262-025-04021-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00262-025-04021-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00262-025-04021-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T13:24:20Z","timestamp":1747661060000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00262-025-04021-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["4021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00262-025-04021-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0851"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-0851"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The research protocol was approved by Human Ethical Committee registration number 9\/17\u201316\/19 referred to ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03503786) and EudraCT (2016\u2013004403\u201331). The protocol for blood samples from healthy donors was approved by Institutional Review Boards CE 36\/22 oss n.1177.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"172"}}