{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T14:49:24Z","timestamp":1776782964356,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Immunol Immunother"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-026-04373-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T13:47:30Z","timestamp":1776779250000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Envafolimab combined with lenvatinib and albumin-bound paclitaxel in previously treated advanced gastric\/gastroesophageal junction (G\/GEJ) adenocarcinoma: a prospective, phase II, multi-cohort trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Zhao","family":"Xiaoying","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Wanjing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geng","family":"Qirong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huang","family":"Mingzhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhang","family":"Zhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Jinsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Xuedan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhu","family":"Xiaodong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Weijian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4373_CR1","first-page":"229","volume":"74","author":"F Bray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H et al (2024) Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 74(3):229\u2013263","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"4373_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101404","volume":"47","author":"E Morgan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Morgan E, Arnold M, Camargo MC et al (2022) The current and future incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in 185 countries, 2020\u201340: a population-based modelling study. EClinicalMedicine 47:101404","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"4373_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2022.07.004","volume":"33","author":"F Lordick","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lordick F, Carneiro F, Cascinu S et al (2022) Gastric cancer: ESMO clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 33(10):1005\u20131020","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4373_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00703-w","volume":"20","author":"M Alsina","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alsina M, Arrazubi V, Diez M et al (2023) Current developments in gastric cancer: from molecular profiling to treatment strategy. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 20(3):155\u2013170","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4373_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu472","volume":"26","author":"Y Yamada","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yamada Y, Higuchi K, Nishikawa K et al (2015) Phase III study comparing oxaliplatin plus S-1 with cisplatin plus S-1 in chemotherapy-na\u00efve patients with advanced gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 26(1):141\u2013148","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"4373_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.36","volume":"3","author":"JA Ajani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ajani JA, Lee J, Sano T et al (2017) Gastric adenocarcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 3:17036","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"10294","key":"4373_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00797-2","volume":"398","author":"YY Janjigian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Janjigian YY, Shitara K, Moehler M et al (2021) First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet 398(10294):27\u201340","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"35","key":"4373_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4438","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.48.5805","volume":"31","author":"S Hironaka","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hironaka S, Ueda S, Yasui H et al (2013) Randomized, open-label, phase III study comparing irinotecan with paclitaxel in patients with advanced gastric cancer without severe peritoneal metastasis after failure of prior combination chemotherapy using fluoropyrimidine plus platinum: WJOG 4007 trial. J Clin Oncol 31(35):4438\u20134444","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"15","key":"4373_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.06.002","volume":"47","author":"PC Thuss-Patience","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thuss-Patience PC, Kretzschmar A, Bichev D et al (2011) Survival advantage for irinotecan versus best supportive care as second-line chemotherapy in gastric cancer\u2014a randomised phase III study of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie (AIO). Eur J Cancer 47(15):2306\u20132314","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"31","key":"4373_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3520","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.54.1011","volume":"32","author":"R Guimbaud","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guimbaud R, Louvet C, Ries P et al (2014) Prospective, randomized, multicenter, phase III study of fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan versus epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: a French intergroup (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Francophone de Canc\u00e9rologie Digestive, F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer, and Groupe Coop\u00e9rateur Multidisciplinaire en Oncologie) study. J Clin Oncol 32(31):3520\u20133526","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4373_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(16)30219-9","volume":"2","author":"K Shitara","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shitara K, Takashima A, Fujitani K et al (2017) Nab-paclitaxel versus solvent-based paclitaxel in patients with previously treated advanced gastric cancer (ABSOLUTE): an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2(4):277\u2013287","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4373_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-018-0838-6","volume":"22","author":"A Takashima","year":"2019","unstructured":"Takashima A, Shitara K, Fujitani K et al (2019) Peritoneal metastasis as a predictive factor for nab-paclitaxel in patients with pretreated advanced gastric cancer: an exploratory analysis of the phase III ABSOLUTE trial. Gastric Cancer 22(1):155\u2013163","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"key":"4373_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2019.10.026","volume":"127","author":"E Van Cutsem","year":"2020","unstructured":"Van Cutsem E, Muro K, Cunningham D et al (2020) Biomarker analyses of second-line ramucirumab in patients with advanced gastric cancer from RAINBOW, a global, randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study. Eur J Cancer 127:150\u2013157","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"4373_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2018.11.013","volume":"107","author":"I Chau","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chau I, Fuchs CS, Ohtsu A et al (2019) Association of quality of life with disease characteristics and treatment outcomes in patients with advanced gastric cancer: exploratory analysis of RAINBOW and REGARD phase III trials. Eur J Cancer 107:115\u2013123","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"4373_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2189","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02989-6","volume":"30","author":"F Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang F, Shen L, Guo W et al (2024) Fruquintinib plus paclitaxel versus placebo plus paclitaxel for gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: the randomized phase 3 FRUTIGA trial. Nat Med 30(8):2189\u20132198","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4373_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.12379","volume":"43","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Wang ZX, Shen L et al (2023) A phase Ib\/II study of fruquintinib in combination with paclitaxel as the second-line therapy for advanced gastric cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 43(1):150\u2013153","journal-title":"Cancer Commun (Lond)"},{"issue":"2","key":"4373_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00692-6","volume":"23","author":"YK Kang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kang YK, Chen LT, Ryu MH et al (2022) Nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy in patients with HER2-negative, untreated, unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ATTRACTION-4): a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 23(2):234\u2013247","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"21","key":"4373_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.19918","volume":"330","author":"J Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu J, Jiang H, Pan Y et al (2023) Sintilimab plus chemotherapy for unresectable gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: the ORIENT-16 randomized clinical trial. JAMA 330(21):2064\u20132074","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"4373_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-021-01095-1","volume":"14","author":"J Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li J, Deng Y, Zhang W et al (2021) Subcutaneous envafolimab monotherapy in patients with advanced defective mismatch repair\/microsatellite instability high solid tumors. J Hematol Oncol 14(1):95","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4373_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01991-1","volume":"9","author":"Y Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen Y, Zhang J, Hu W et al (2024) Envafolimab plus lenvatinib and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for unresectable Hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective, single-arm, phase II study. Signal Transduct Target Ther 9(1):280","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"4373_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00438-0","volume":"18","author":"B Sangro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sangro B, Sarobe P, Herv\u00e1s-Stubbs S et al (2021) Advances in immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 18(8):525\u2013543","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4373_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-023-01487-5","volume":"16","author":"M Niu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Niu M, Yi M, Wu Y et al (2023) Synergistic efficacy of simultaneous anti-TGF-\u03b2\/VEGF bispecific antibody and PD-1 blockade in cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 16(1):94","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"18","key":"4373_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.03296","volume":"38","author":"S Fukuoka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fukuoka S, Hara H, Takahashi N et al (2020) Regorafenib plus Nivolumab in patients with advanced gastric or colorectal cancer: an open-label, dose-escalation, and dose-expansion Phase Ib trial (REGONIVO, EPOC1603). J Clin Oncol 38(18):2053\u20132061","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4373_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30271-0","volume":"21","author":"A Kawazoe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kawazoe A, Fukuoka S, Nakamura Y et al (2020) Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced gastric cancer in the first-line or second-line setting (EPOC1706): an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 21(8):1057\u20131065","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4373_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.05.009","volume":"41","author":"C Vennin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vennin C, Cattaneo CM, Bosch L et al (2023) Taxanes trigger cancer cell killing in vivo by inducing non-canonical T cell cytotoxicity. Cancer Cell 41(6):1170\u20131185","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"24","key":"4373_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2022-0300","volume":"18","author":"S Ahmad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ahmad S, Lambuk L, Ahmed N et al (2023) Efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel in metastatic gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 18(24):1733\u20131744","journal-title":"Nanomedicine (Lond)"}],"container-title":["Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00262-026-04373-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00262-026-04373-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00262-026-04373-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T13:47:31Z","timestamp":1776779251000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00262-026-04373-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["4373"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00262-026-04373-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declared no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This trial was approved by Ethics Committee of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center approved the protocol (2208259-6), and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, good clinical practice (GCP) guidelines, and applicable local regulations. All patients provided consent for data collection and analysis.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and Consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"153"}}