{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:35:42Z","timestamp":1791138942770,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,19]],"date-time":"2007-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1184803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Orthopaedics (SICO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,16]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-007-0395-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,18]],"date-time":"2007-07-18T10:51:44Z","timestamp":1184755904000},"page":"791-797","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Tendon and ligament engineering in the adult organism: mesenchymal stem cells and gene-therapeutic approaches"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"395_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679909000958","volume":"70","author":"P Aspenberg","year":"1999","unstructured":"Aspenberg P, Forslund C (1999) Enhanced tendon healing with GDF 5 and 6. Acta Orthop Scand 70:51\u201354","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"395_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(02)00163-8","volume":"21","author":"HA Awad","year":"2003","unstructured":"Awad HA, Boivin GP, Dressler MR et al (2003) Repair of patellar tendon injuries using a cell-collagen composite. J Orthop Res 21:420\u2013431","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.1999.5.267","volume":"5","author":"HA Awad","year":"1999","unstructured":"Awad HA, Butler DL, Boivin GP et al (1999) Autologous mesenchymal stem cell-mediated repair of tendon. Tissue Eng 5:267\u2013277","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"395_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(200008)51:2<233::AID-JBM12>3.0.CO;2-B","volume":"51","author":"HA Awad","year":"2000","unstructured":"Awad HA, Butler DL, Harris MT et al (2000) In vitro characterization of mesenchymal stem cell-seeded collagen scaffolds for tendon repair: effects of initial seeding density on contraction kinetics. J Biomed Mater Res 51:233\u2013240","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res"},{"key":"395_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100140509","volume":"14","author":"ML Batten","year":"1996","unstructured":"Batten ML, Hansen JC, Dahners LE (1996) Influence of dosage and timing of application of platelet-derived growth factor on early healing of the rat medial collateral ligament. J Orthop Res 14:736\u2013741","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1054\/math.1996.0267","volume":"1","author":"M Benjamin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Benjamin M, Ralphs JR (1996) Tendons in health and disease. Man Ther 1:186\u2013191","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"395_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01605","volume":"132","author":"AE Brent","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brent AE, Braun T, Tabin CJ (2005) Genetic analysis of interactions between the somitic muscle, cartilage and tendon cell lineages during mouse development. Development 132:515\u2013528","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"395_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00268-X","volume":"113","author":"AE Brent","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brent AE, Schweitzer R, Tabin CJ (2003) A somitic compartment of tendon progenitors. Cell 113:235\u2013248","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"395_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2005.11.1198","volume":"11","author":"AI Caplan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Caplan AI (2005) Review: mesenchymal stem cells: cell-based reconstructive therapy in orthopedics. Tissue Eng 11:1198\u20131211","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"395_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(03)00049-4","volume":"21","author":"A Chhabra","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chhabra A, Tsou D, Clark RT et al (2003) GDF-5 deficiency in mice delays Achilles tendon healing. J Orthop Res 21:826\u2013835","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.12.013","volume":"27","author":"JA Cooper Jr","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cooper JA Jr, Bailey LO, Carter JN et al (2006) Evaluation of the anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, achilles tendon and patellar tendon as cell sources for tissue-engineered ligament. Biomaterials 27:2747\u20132754","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"395_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310041301","volume":"31","author":"C Forslund","year":"2003","unstructured":"Forslund C, Aspenberg P (2003) Improved healing of transected rabbit Achilles tendon after a single injection of cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-2. Am J Sports Med 31:555\u2013559","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"395_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(03)00010-X","volume":"21","author":"C Forslund","year":"2003","unstructured":"Forslund C, Rueger D, Aspenberg P (2003) A comparative dose\u2013response study of cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein (CDMP)-1, -2 and -3 for tendon healing in rats. J Orthop Res 21:617\u2013621","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1089\/107632703322495619","volume":"9","author":"J Garvin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Garvin J, Qi J, Maloney M, Banes AJ (2003) Novel system for engineering bioartificial tendons and application of mechanical load. Tissue Eng 9:967\u2013979","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"395_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670050037","volume":"5","author":"TG Gerich","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gerich TG, Kang R, Fu FH et al (1997) Gene transfer to the patellar tendon. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 5:118\u2013123","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"395_CR16","first-page":"S31","volume":"9","author":"JC Goh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Goh JC, Ouyang HW, Teoh SH et al (2003) Tissue-engineering approach to the repair and regeneration of tendons and ligaments. Tissue Eng 9(Suppl 1):S31\u2013S44","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"395_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100170107","volume":"17","author":"KA Hildebrand","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hildebrand KA, Deie M, Allen CR et al (1999) Early expression of marker genes in the rabbit medial collateral and anterior cruciate ligaments: the use of different viral vectors and the effects of injury. J Orthop Res 17:37\u201342","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260041401","volume":"26","author":"KA Hildebrand","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hildebrand KA, Woo SL, Smith DW et al (1998) The effects of platelet-derived growth factor-BB on healing of the rabbit medial collateral ligament. An in vivo study. Am J Sports Med 26:549\u2013554","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"395_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.2217\/17460751.1.4.563","volume":"1","author":"A Hoffmann","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hoffmann A, Gross G (2006) Tendon and ligament engineering: from cell biology to in vivo application. Regen Med 1:563\u2013574","journal-title":"Regen Med"},{"key":"395_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI22689","volume":"116","author":"A Hoffmann","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hoffmann A, Pelled G, Turgeman G et al (2006) Neotendon formation induced by manipulation of the Smad8 signalling pathway in mesenchymal stem cells. J Clin Invest 116:940\u2013952","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"395_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80064-1","volume":"99","author":"K Holmbeck","year":"1999","unstructured":"Holmbeck K, Bianco P, Caterina J et al (1999) MT1-MMP-deficient mice develop dwarfism, osteopenia, arthritis, and connective tissue disease due to inadequate collagen turnover. Cell 99:81\u201392","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"395_CR22","volume-title":"Human tendons: anatomy, physiology, and pathology","author":"LG Jozsa","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jozsa LG, Kannus P (1997) Human tendons: anatomy, physiology, and pathology. Human Kinetics, Champaign, Illinois"},{"key":"395_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2005.11.448","volume":"11","author":"N Juncosa-Melvin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Juncosa-Melvin N, Boivin GP, Galloway MT et al (2005) Effects of cell-to-collagen ratio in mesenchymal stem cell-seeded implants on tendon repair biomechanics and histology. Tissue Eng 11:448\u2013457","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"395_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00031.2003","volume":"84","author":"M Kjaer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kjaer M (2004) Role of extracellular matrix in adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to mechanical loading. Physiol Rev 84:649\u2013698","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"395_CR25","first-page":"41","volume":"5","author":"M Kjaer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kjaer M, Langberg H, Miller BF et al (2005) Metabolic activity and collagen turnover in human tendon in response to physical activity. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 5:41\u201352","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"395_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100140403","volume":"14","author":"J Lou","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lou J, Manske PR, Aoki M, Joyce ME (1996) Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into tendon and tendon sheath. J Orthop Res 14:513\u2013517","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(01)00042-0","volume":"19","author":"J Lou","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lou J, Tu Y, Burns M et al (2001) BMP-12 gene transfer augmentation of lacerated tendon repair. J Orthop Res 19:1199\u20131202","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2968-9","volume-title":"Skeletal tissue mechanics","author":"RB Martin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Martin RB, Burr DB, Sharkey NA (1998) Skeletal tissue mechanics. Springer, New York"},{"key":"395_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(00)90018-4","volume":"19","author":"B Mikic","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mikic B, Schalet BJ, Clark RT et al (2001) GDF-5 deficiency in mice alters the ultrastructure, mechanical properties and composition of the Achilles tendon. J Orthop Res 19:365\u2013371","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2004.04.030","volume":"298","author":"T Minamitani","year":"2004","unstructured":"Minamitani T, Ikuta T, Saito Y et al (2004) Modulation of collagen fibrillogenesis by tenascin-X and type VI collagen. Exp Cell Res 298:305\u2013315","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"395_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100180402","volume":"18","author":"N Nakamura","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nakamura N, Hart DA, Boorman RS et al (2000) Decorin antisense gene therapy improves functional healing of early rabbit ligament scar with enhanced collagen fibrillogenesis in vivo. J Orthop Res 18:517\u2013523","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21224","volume":"101","author":"RA Norris","year":"2007","unstructured":"Norris RA, Damon B, Mironov V et al (2007) Periostin regulates collagen fibrillogenesis and the biomechanical properties of connective tissues. J Cell Biochem 101:695\u2013711","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"395_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.121.3.693","volume":"121","author":"G Oliver","year":"1995","unstructured":"Oliver G, Wehr R, Jenkins NA et al (1995) Homeobox genes and connective tissue patterning. Development 121:693\u2013705","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"395_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2125","volume":"8","author":"A Page-McCaw","year":"2007","unstructured":"Page-McCaw A, Ewald AJ, Werb Z (2007) Matrix metalloproteinases and the regulation of tissue remodelling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8:221\u2013233","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"395_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel046","volume":"45","author":"JD Rees","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rees JD, Wilson AM, Wolman RL (2006) Current concepts in the management of tendon disorders. Rheumatology (Oxford) 45:508\u2013521","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"395_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100130206","volume":"13","author":"CC Schmidt","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schmidt CC, Georgescu HI, Kwoh CK et al (1995) Effect of growth factors on the proliferation of fibroblasts from the medial collateral and anterior cruciate ligaments. J Orthop Res 13:184\u2013190","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3855","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.128.19.3855","volume":"128","author":"R Schweitzer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schweitzer R, Chyung JH, Murtaugh LC et al (2001) Analysis of the tendon cell fate using Scleraxis, a specific marker for tendons and ligaments. Development 128:3855\u20133866","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"395_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-1606(02)00022-2","volume":"254","author":"SH Settle Jr","year":"2003","unstructured":"Settle SH Jr, Rountree RB, Sinha A et al (2003) Multiple joint and skeletal patterning defects caused by single and double mutations in the mouse Gdf6 and Gdf5 genes. Dev Biol 254:116\u2013130","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"395_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S1479-666X(05)80109-X","volume":"3","author":"P Sharma","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sharma P, Maffulli N (2005) Basic biology of tendon injury and healing. Surgeon 3:309\u2013316","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"key":"395_CR40","first-page":"181","volume":"6","author":"P Sharma","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sharma P, Maffulli N (2006) Biology of tendon injury: healing, modeling and remodeling. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 6:181\u2013190","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"395_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/368639a0","volume":"368","author":"EE Storm","year":"1994","unstructured":"Storm EE, Huynh TV, Copeland NG et al (1994) Limb alterations in brachypodism mice due to mutations in a new member of the TGFb-superfamily. Nature 368:639\u2013643","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"395_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2005.00462.x","volume":"15","author":"O Virchenko","year":"2005","unstructured":"Virchenko O, Fahlgren A, Skoglund B, Aspenberg P (2005) CDMP-2 injection improves early tendon healing in a rabbit model for surgical repair. Scand J Med Sci Sports 15:260\u2013264","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"395_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26411","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M001270200","volume":"275","author":"Z Wang","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wang Z, Juttermann R, Soloway PD (2000) TIMP-2 is required for efficient activation of proMMP-2 in vivo. J Biol Chem 275:26411\u201326415","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"395_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119537","volume":"100","author":"NM Wolfman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wolfman NM, Hattersley G, Cox K et al (1997) Ectopic induction of tendon and ligament in rats by growth and differentiation factors 5, 6, and 7, members of the TGF-beta gene family. J Clin Invest 100:321\u2013330","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"395_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11974","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.22.11974","volume":"94","author":"PX Xu","year":"1997","unstructured":"Xu PX, Cheng J, Epstein JA, Maas RL (1997) Mouse Eya genes are expressed during limb tendon development and encode a transcriptional activation function. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:11974\u201311979","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"395_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100160403","volume":"16","author":"RG Young","year":"1998","unstructured":"Young RG, Butler DL, Weber W et al (1998) Use of mesenchymal stem cells in a collagen matrix for Achilles tendon repair. J Orthop Res 16:406\u2013413","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"395_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20776","volume":"98","author":"G Zhang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhang G, Ezura Y, Chervoneva I et al (2006) Decorin regulates assembly of collagen fibrils and acquisition of biomechanical properties during tendon development. J Cell Biochem 98:1436\u20131449","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"}],"container-title":["International Orthopaedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-007-0395-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00264-007-0395-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-007-0395-9","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T21:36:54Z","timestamp":1629409014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00264-007-0395-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,19]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,16]]}},"alternative-id":["395"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-007-0395-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0341-2695","1432-5195"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0341-2695","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5195","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,19]]}}}