{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T21:31:11Z","timestamp":1778880671353,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529452800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Orthopaedics (SICOT)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4014-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T05:44:50Z","timestamp":1529473490000},"page":"1223-1230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Osteoarthritis is associated with increased failure of proximal femoral fracture fixation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1550-2524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles A.","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher W.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Kimmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Wylde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Osbrough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Bulsara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Hird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piers","family":"Yates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"4014_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3277-9","volume":"27","author":"J Leal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leal J, Gray AM, Prieto-Alhambra D, Arden NK, Cooper C, Javaid MK, Judge A (2016) Impact of hip fracture on hospital care costs: a population-based study. Osteoporos Int 27:549\u2013558. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-015-3277-9","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"4014_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-004-1627-0","volume":"15","author":"O Johnell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Johnell O, Kanis JA (2004) An estimate of the worldwide prevalence, mortality and disability with hip fracture. Osteoporos Int 15:897\u2013902. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-004-1627-0","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"4014_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.03.022","volume":"39","author":"S Haleem","year":"2008","unstructured":"Haleem S, Lutchman L, Mayahi R, Grice JE, Parker MJ (2008) Mortality following hip fracture: trends and geographical variations over the last 40\u00a0years. Injury 39:1157\u20131163. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2008.03.022","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"4014_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-005-0028-0","volume":"30","author":"HW Jones","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jones HW, Johnston P, Parker M (2006) Are short femoral nails superior to the sliding hip screw? A meta-analysis of 24 studies involving 3,279 fractures. Int Orthop 30:69\u201378. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-005-0028-0","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"4014_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1097\/BCO.0000000000000424","volume":"27","author":"C Whale","year":"2016","unstructured":"Whale C, Hulet D, Beebe M, Rothberg D, Zhang C, Presson A, Stuart A, Kubiak E (2016) Cephalomedullary nail versus sliding hip screw for fixation of AO 31 A1\/2 intertrochanteric femoral fracture. Curr Orthop Pract 27(6):604\u2013613. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BCO.0000000000000424","journal-title":"Curr Orthop Pract"},{"key":"4014_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.016477","volume":"63","author":"M Reijman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Reijman M, Hazes JM, Pols HA, Bernsen RM, Koes BW, Bierma-Zeinstra SM (2004) Validity and reliability of three definitions of hip osteoarthritis: cross sectional and longitudinal approach. Ann Rheum Dis 63:1427\u20131433. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.2003.016477","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4014_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001156","volume":"32","author":"JF Kellam","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kellam JF, Meinberg EG, Agel J, Karam MD, Roberts CS (2018) Introduction: fracture and dislocation classification compendium-2018: international comprehensive classification of fractures and dislocations committee. J Orthop Trauma 32:S1\u2013S10. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001063","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"4014_CR8","first-page":"647","volume":"43-B","author":"RS Garden","year":"1961","unstructured":"Garden RS (1961) Low-angle fixation in fractures of the femoral neck. Bone Joint J 43-B:647\u2013663","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"1\u20136","key":"4014_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678008990877","volume":"51","author":"JS Jensen","year":"1980","unstructured":"Jensen JS (1980) Classification of trochanteric fractures. Acta Orthop Scand 51(1\u20136):803\u2013810","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"4014_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199507000-00012","volume":"77","author":"MR Baumgaertner","year":"1995","unstructured":"Baumgaertner MR, Curtin SL, Lindskog DM, Keggi JM (1995) The value of the tip-apex distance in predicting failure of fixation of peritrochanteric fractures of the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Am 77:1058\u20131064. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-199507000-00012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"4014_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-009-0837-7","volume":"34","author":"JA Geller","year":"2010","unstructured":"Geller JA, Saifi C, Morrison TA, Macaulay W (2010) Tip-apex distance of intramedullary devices as a predictor of cut-out failure in the treatment of peritrochanteric elderly hip fractures. Int Orthop 34:719\u2013722. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-009-0837-7","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4014_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.95B6.31018","volume":"95\u2013B","author":"SF Abram","year":"2013","unstructured":"Abram SF, Pollard TB, Andrade AD (2013) Inadequate \u2018three-point\u2019 proximal fixation predicts failure of the gamma nail. Bone Joint J 95\u2013B:825\u2013830","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"4014_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.72B1.2298790","volume":"72","author":"TR Davis","year":"1990","unstructured":"Davis TR, Sher JL, Horsman A, Simpson M, Porter BB, Checketts RG (1990) Intertrochanteric femoral fractures. Mechanical failure after internal fixation. J Bone Joint Surg (Br) 72:26\u201331","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg (Br)"},{"key":"4014_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-009-0866-2","volume":"34","author":"KK Hsueh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hsueh KK, Fang CK, Chen CM, Su YP, Wu HF, Chiu FY (2010) Risk factors in cutout of sliding hip screw in intertrochanteric fractures: an evaluation of 937 patients. Int Orthop 34:1273\u20131276. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-009-0866-2","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4014_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-016-2410-3","volume":"136","author":"A Turgut","year":"2016","unstructured":"Turgut A, Kalenderer \u00d6, Karap\u0131nar L, Kumbarac\u0131 M, Akkan H, A\u011fu\u015f H (2016) Which factor is most important for occurrence of cutout complications in patients treated with proximal femoral nail antirotation? Retrospective analysis of 298 patients. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 136:623\u2013630. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-016-2410-3","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"4014_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-11-133","volume":"11","author":"AJ Bojan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bojan AJ, Beimel C, Speitling A, Taglang G, Ekholm C, J\u00f6nsson A (2010) 3066 consecutive gamma nails. 12\u00a0years experience at a single centre. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 11:133. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2474-11-133","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"4014_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1007\/s002640100287","volume":"25","author":"WY Kim","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim WY, Han CH, Park JI, Kim JY (2001) Failure of intertrochanteric fracture fixation with a dynamic hip screw in relation to pre-operative fracture stability and osteoporosis. Int Orthop 25:360\u2013362. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002640100287","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4014_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000521","volume":"30","author":"H Krigbaum","year":"2016","unstructured":"Krigbaum H, Takemoto S, Kim HT, Kuo AC (2016) Costs and complications of short versus long cephalomedullary nailing of OTA 31-A2 proximal femur fractures in U.S. veterans. J Orthop Trauma 30:125\u2013129. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/bot.0000000000000521","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"4014_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-11-274","volume":"11","author":"J Franklin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Franklin J, Englund M, Ingvarsson T, Lohmander S (2010) The association between hip fracture and hip osteoarthritis: a case-control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 11:274. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2474-11-274","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"4014_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2007.08.008","volume":"38","author":"RK Leighton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Leighton RK, Schmidt AH, Collier P, Trask K (2007) Advances in the treatment of intracapsular hip fractures in the elderly. Injury 38(Suppl 3):S24\u2013S34. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2007.08.008","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"4014_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.08.009","volume":"19","author":"D Pereira","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pereira D, Peleteiro B, Ara\u00fajo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E (2011) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review. Osteoarthr Cartil 19:1270\u20131285. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2011.08.009","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"4014_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S51","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(93)90350-J","volume":"14","author":"J Dequeker","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dequeker J, Johnell O (1993) Osteoarthritis protects against femoral neck fracture: the MEDOS study experience. Bone 14(Suppl 1):S51\u2013S56. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/8756-3282(93)90350-J","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"4014_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.08.037","volume":"7","author":"I Aguado-Maestro","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aguado-Maestro I, Panteli M, Garc\u00eda-Alonso M, Garc\u00eda-Cepeda I, Giannoudis P (2017) Hip osteoarthritis as a predictor of the fracture pattern in proximal femur fractures. Injury 7:S41\u2013S46. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2017.08.03748","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"21","key":"4014_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.192788","volume":"129","author":"R He","year":"2016","unstructured":"He R, Ye C, Liu A, Xu M, Nonso N (2016) Arthroplasty versus internal fixation for displaced intracapsular femoral neck fracture in the elderly: systematic review and meta-analysis of short- and long-term effectiveness. Chin Med J 129(21):2630\u20132638. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0366-6999.192788","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"4014_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-016-1757-z","volume":"26","author":"S Sambandam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sambandam S, Chandrasekharan J, Mounasamy V, Mauffrey C (2016) Intertrochanteric fractures: a review of fixation methods. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 26:339\u2013353. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-016-1757-z","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"key":"4014_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0625-5","volume":"467","author":"S Dagenais","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dagenais S, Garbedian S, Wai EK (2009) Systematic review of the prevalence of radiographic primary hip osteoarthritis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 467:623\u2013637. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-008-0625-5","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4014_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16072","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.72","volume":"2","author":"J Martel-Pelletier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Martel-Pelletier J, Barr AJ, Cicuttini FM, Conaghan PG, Cooper C, Goldring MB, Goldring SR, Jones G, Teichtahl AJ, Pelletier JP (2016) Osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2:16072\u201316072. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2016.72","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"}],"container-title":["International Orthopaedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4014-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4014-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4014-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]],"date-time":"2019-08-27T07:05:29Z","timestamp":1566889529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4014-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["4014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4014-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0341-2695","1432-5195"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0341-2695","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5195","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 January 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 June 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 June 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Formal consent is not required for this type of study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was not required for this study in accordance with the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) guidelines and Human Research Ethics Committee approval.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}