{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:18:58Z","timestamp":1789535938253,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]],"date-time":"2018-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534204800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Orthopaedics (SICOT)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4092-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]],"date-time":"2018-08-14T21:58:39Z","timestamp":1534283919000},"page":"1621-1626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Influence of the post-operative axis on the clinical results of total knee replacement for severe varus deformities: does a slight residual varus improve the results?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1135-7075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominique","family":"Saragaglia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lo\u00efc","family":"Sigwalt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramsay","family":"Refaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brice","family":"Rubens-Duval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Lateur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9gis","family":"Pailh\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"4092_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198365050-00006","volume":"65","author":"JN Insall","year":"1983","unstructured":"Insall JN, Hood RW, Flawn LB, Sullivan DJ (1983) The total condylar knee prosthesis in gonarthrosis. A five to nine-year follow-up of the first one hundred consecutive replacements. J Bone Joint Surg Am 65:619\u2013628","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"4092_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.00772","volume":"93","author":"MA Ritter","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ritter MA, Davis KE, Meding JB et al (2011) The effect of alignment and BMI on failure of total knee replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Am 93:1588\u20131596. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.J.00772","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"4092_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.90B9.20793","volume":"90","author":"JM Sikorski","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sikorski JM (2008) Alignment in total knee replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Br 90:1121\u20131127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.90B9.20793","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"4092_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200211000-00003","volume":"404","author":"PF Sharkey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sharkey PF, Hozack WJ, Rothman RH et al (2002) Insall award paper. Why are total knee arthroplasties failing today? Clin Orthop Relat Res 404:7\u201313","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4092_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199402000-00021","volume":"299","author":"MA Ritter","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ritter MA, Faris PM, Keating EM, Meding JB (1994) Postoperative alignment of total knee replacement. Its effect on survival. Clin Orthop Relat Res 299:153\u2013156","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4092_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.01398","volume":"92","author":"S Parratte","year":"2010","unstructured":"Parratte S, Pagnano MW, Trousdale RT, Berry DJ (2010) Effect of postoperative mechanical axis alignment on the fifteen-year survival of modern, cemented total knee replacements. J Bone Joint Surg Am 92:2143\u20132149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.I.01398","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"4092_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-1936-5","volume":"470","author":"J Bellemans","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bellemans J, Colyn W, Vandenneucker H, Victor J (2012) The Chitranjan Ranawat award: is neutral mechanical alignment normal for all patients? The concept of constitutional varus. Clin Orthop Relat Res 470:45\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-011-1936-5","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4092_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-013-2481-4","volume":"21","author":"L Vanlommel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vanlommel L, Vanlommel J, Claes S, Bellemans J (2013) Slight undercorrection following total knee arthroplasty results in superior clinical outcomes in varus knees. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 21:2325\u20132330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-013-2481-4","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"4092_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2613-z","volume":"471","author":"SM Howell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Howell SM, Howell SJ, Kuznik KT et al (2013) Does a kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty restore function without failure regardless of alignment category? Clin Orthop Relat Res 471:1000\u20131007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-012-2613-z","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4092_CR10","first-page":"75","volume":"68","author":"JO Ramadier","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ramadier JO, Buard JE, Lortat-Jacob A, Benoit J (1982) Radiological assessment of knee deformity in the frontal plane (author\u2019s transl). Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 68:75\u201378 French","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot"},{"key":"4092_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-017-3408-3","volume":"41","author":"G Maderbacher","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maderbacher G, Baier C, Benditz A, Wagner F, Greimel F, Grifka J, Keshmiri A (2017) Knee arthroplasty and impact on measured lower limb and component alignment. Int Orthop 41:1553\u20131560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-017-3408-3","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4092_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198911000-00004","volume":"248","author":"JN Insall","year":"1989","unstructured":"Insall JN, Dorr LD, Scott RD, Scott WN (1989) Rationale of the knee society clinical rating system. Clin Orthop Relat Res 248:13\u201314","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4092_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.80B1.7859","volume":"80","author":"J Dawson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dawson J, Fitzpatrick R, Murray D, Carr A (1998) Questionnaire on the perceptions of patients about total knee replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Br 80:63\u201369","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"4092_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198911000-00003","volume":"248","author":"FC Ewald","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ewald FC (1989) The knee society total knee arthroplasty roentgenographic evaluation and scoring system. Clin Orthop Relat Res 248:9\u201312","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 10","key":"4092_CR15","first-page":"S1269","volume":"28","author":"D Saragaglia","year":"2005","unstructured":"Saragaglia D, Roberts J (2005) Navigated osteotomies around the knee in 170 patients with osteoarthritis secondary to genu varum. Orthopedics 28(Suppl 10):S1269\u2013S1274","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"4092_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-008-0690-0","volume":"33","author":"YD Kamat","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kamat YD, Aurakzai KM, Adhikari AR et al (2009) Does computer navigation in total knee arthroplasty improve patient outcome at midterm follow-up? Int Orthop 33:1567\u20131570. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-008-0690-0","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4092_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2008.03.002","volume":"24","author":"LM Longstaff","year":"2009","unstructured":"Longstaff LM, Sloan K, Stamp N et al (2009) Good alignment after total knee arthroplasty leads to faster rehabilitation and better function. J Arthroplast 24:570\u2013578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2008.03.002","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"key":"4092_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Puliero B, Favreau H, Eichler D, Adam P, Bonnomet F, Ehlinger M (2018) Total knee arthroplasty in patients with varus deformities greater than ten degrees: survival analysis at a mean ten year follow-up. Int Orthop. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4019-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4019-3"},{"key":"4092_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-010-1064-9","volume":"130","author":"G Matziolis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Matziolis G, Adam J, Perka C (2010) Varus malalignment has no influence on clinical outcome in midterm follow-up after total knee replacement. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 130:1487\u20131491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-010-1064-9","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"4092_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3443","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-1988-6","volume":"469","author":"RA Magnussen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Magnussen RA, Weppe F, Demey G et al (2011) Residual varus alignment does not compromise results of TKAs in patients with preoperative varus. Clin Orthop Relat Res 469:3443\u20133450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-011-1988-6","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4092_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200111000-00029","volume":"392","author":"DD D\u2019Lima","year":"2001","unstructured":"D\u2019Lima DD, Chen PC, Colwell CW (2001) Polyethylene contact stresses, articular congruity, and knee alignment. Clin Orthop Relat Res 392:232\u2013238","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4092_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Morin V, Pailh\u00e9 R, Rubens-Duval B, Mader R, Cognault J, Rouchy RC, Saragaglia D (2017) Gait analysis following medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-017-4421-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4421-1"},{"key":"4092_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-014-2435-6","volume":"38","author":"D Saragaglia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saragaglia D, Rouchy RC, Krayan A, Refaie R (2014) Return to sports after valgus osteotomy of the knee joint in patients with medial unicompartmental osteoarthritis. Int Orthop 38:2109\u20132114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-014-2435-6","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4092_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-2971-z","volume":"23","author":"H Delport","year":"2015","unstructured":"Delport H, Labey L, Innocenti B et al (2015) Restoration of constitutional alignment in TKA leads to more physiological strains in the collateral ligaments. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 23:2159\u20132169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-014-2971-z","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"4092_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3892","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-016-4400-y","volume":"25","author":"O Slevin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Slevin O, Amsler F, Hirschmann MT (2016) No correlation between coronal alignment of total knee arthroplasty and clinical outcomes: a prospective clinical study using 3D-CT. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 25:3892\u20133900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-016-4400-y","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"4092_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2009.04.034","volume":"24","author":"DM Fang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fang DM, Ritter MA, Davis KE (2009) Coronal alignment in total knee arthroplasty: just how important is it? J Arthroplast 24:39\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2009.04.034","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"key":"4092_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.03.027","volume":"30","author":"TW Huang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huang TW, Lee CY, Lin SJ, Lee MS, Hsu RW, Shen WJ (2015) The influence of alignment on midterm outcome after total knee arthroplasty in patients with marked coronal femoral bowing. J Arthroplast 30:1531\u20131536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2015.03.027","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"key":"4092_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.00667","volume":"89","author":"MB Collier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Collier MB, Engh CA, McAuley JP, Engh GA (2007) Factors associated with the loss of thickness of polyethylene tibial bearings after knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am 89:1306\u20131314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.F.00667","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"4092_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Saragaglia D, Sigwalt L, Gaillot J et al (2017) Results with eight and a half years average follow-up on two hundred and eight e-motion FP\u00ae knee prostheses, fitted using computer navigation for knee osteoarthritis in patients with over ten degrees genu varum. Int Orthop. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-017-3618-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-017-3618-8"},{"key":"4092_CR30","first-page":"129","volume":"82","author":"PJ Vandekerckhove","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vandekerckhove PJ, Lanting B, Bellemans J et al (2016) The current role of coronal plane alignment in total knee arthroplasty in a preoperative varus aligned population: an evidence-based review. Acta Orthop Belg 82:129\u2013142","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"key":"4092_CR31","first-page":"259","volume":"298","author":"AM Hollister","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hollister AM, Jatana S, Singh AK et al (1993) The axes of rotation of the knee. Clin Orthop Relat Res 298:259\u2013268","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4092_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-2743-5","volume":"39","author":"SM Howell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Howell SM, Papadopoulos S, Kuznik K et al (2015) Does varus alignment adversely affect implant survival and function six years after kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty? Int Orthop 39:2117\u20132124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-015-2743-5","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4092_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e160","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20120123-04","volume":"35","author":"HG Dossett","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dossett HG, Swartz GJ, Estrada NA et al (2012) Kinematically versus mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics 35:e160\u2013e169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01477447-20120123-04","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"4092_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2015.02.019","volume":"22","author":"M Ishikawa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ishikawa M, Kuriyama S, Ito H et al (2015) Kinematic alignment produces near-normal knee motion but increases contact stress after total knee arthroplasty: a case study on a single implant design. Knee 22:206\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knee.2015.02.019","journal-title":"Knee"}],"container-title":["International Orthopaedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4092-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4092-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4092-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]],"date-time":"2022-08-29T07:45:42Z","timestamp":1661759142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4092-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["4092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4092-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0341-2695","1432-5195"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0341-2695","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5195","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 May 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 August 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 August 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest related to this article. D. Saragaglia receives royalties from B-Braun related to the e-Motion Knee Prosthesis. The other authors had, sometimes, financial support for attending orthopaedics meetings.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}