{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T13:57:41Z","timestamp":1790431061515,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]],"date-time":"2018-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543536000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Orthopaedics (SICOT)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4254-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]],"date-time":"2018-11-29T23:02:39Z","timestamp":1543532559000},"page":"995-1002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The future of disc surgery and regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5680-0643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zorica","family":"Buser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew S.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aidin","family":"Abedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey C.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10100","key":"4254_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32154-2","volume":"390","author":"GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators","year":"2017","unstructured":"GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (2017) Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016. Lancet 390(10100):1211\u20131259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32154-2","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"4254_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217696688","volume":"8","author":"Z Buser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buser Z, Ortega B, D'Oro A, Pannell W, Cohen JR, Wang J, Golish R, Reed M, Wang JC (2018) Spine degenerative conditions and their treatments: national trends in the United States of America. Glob Spine J 8(1):57\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2192568217696688","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"issue":"7","key":"4254_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000207473.09030.0d","volume":"31","author":"J Cummins","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cummins J, Lurie JD, Tosteson TD, Hanscom B, Abdu WA, Birkmeyer NJ, Herkowitz H, Weinstein J (2006) Descriptive epidemiology and prior healthcare utilization of patients in the spine patient outcomes research trial\u2019s (SPORT) three observational cohorts: disc herniation, spinal stenosis, and degenerative spondylolisthesis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 31(7):806\u2013814","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"4","key":"4254_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-011-9099-2","volume":"4","author":"AG Todd","year":"2011","unstructured":"Todd AG (2011) Cervical spine: degenerative conditions. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 4(4):168\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12178-011-9099-2","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"4254_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318235457b","volume":"36","author":"AN Tosteson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tosteson AN, Tosteson TD, Lurie JD, Abdu W, Herkowitz H, Andersson G, Albert T, Bridwell K, Zhao W, Grove MR, Weinstein MC, Weinstein JN (2011) Comparative effectiveness evidence from the spine patient outcomes research trial: surgical versus nonoperative care for spinal stenosis, degenerative spondylolisthesis, and intervertebral disc herniation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 36(24):2061\u20132068. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318235457b.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"2","key":"4254_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.3.SPINE1320","volume":"21","author":"SL Parker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Parker SL, Godil SS, Mendenhall SK, Zuckerman SL, Shau DN, McGirt MJ (2014) Two-year comprehensive medical management of degenerative lumbar spine disease (lumbar spondylolisthesis, stenosis, or disc herniation): a value analysis of cost, pain, disability, and quality of life: clinical article. J Neurosurg Spine 21(2):143\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2014.3.SPINE1320","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"9","key":"4254_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.03.023","volume":"41","author":"F Heuer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Heuer F, Schmidt H, Wilke HJ (2008) Stepwise reduction of functional spinal structures increase disc bulge and surface strains. J Biomech 41(9):1953\u20131960. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.03.023","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"1","key":"4254_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.006403","volume":"4","author":"LJ Smith","year":"2011","unstructured":"Smith LJ, Nerurkar NL, Choi KS, Harfe BD, Elliott DM (2011) Degeneration and regeneration of the intervertebral disc: lessons from development. Dis Model Mech 4(1):31\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dmm.006403","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"issue":"4","key":"4254_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199104000-00010","volume":"16","author":"JW Stairmand","year":"1991","unstructured":"Stairmand JW, Holm S, Urban JP (1991) Factors influencing oxygen concentration gradients in the intervertebral disc. A theoretical analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 16(4):444\u2013449","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4254_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199301000-00011","volume":"18","author":"PB Polatin","year":"1993","unstructured":"Polatin PB, Kinney RK, Gatchel RJ, Lillo E, Mayer TG (1993) Psychiatric illness and chronic low-back pain. The mind and the spine--which goes first? Spine 18(1):66\u201371","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"4254_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0350652","volume":"35","author":"CL Maitre Le","year":"2007","unstructured":"Le Maitre CL, Pockert A, Buttle DJ, Freemont AJ, Hoyland JA (2007) Matrix synthesis and degradation in human intervertebral disc degeneration. Biochem Soc Trans 35:652\u2013655","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"4254_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1347299","volume":"3","author":"K Wuertz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wuertz K, Haglund L (2013) Inflammatory mediators in intervertebral disk degeneration and discogenic pain. Glob Spine J 3:175\u2013184","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"issue":"suppl2","key":"4254_CR13","first-page":"10","volume":"88","author":"S Roberts","year":"2006","unstructured":"Roberts S, Evans H, Trivedi J, Menage J (2006) Histology and pathology of the human intervertebral disc. J Bone Joint Surg Am 88(suppl2):10\u201314","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"23","key":"4254_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199812010-00004","volume":"23","author":"JC Lotz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lotz JC, Colliou OK, Chin JR, Duncan NA, Liebenberg E (1998) Compression-induced degeneration of the intervertebral disc: an in vivo mouse model and finite-element study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 23(23):2493\u20132506","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"3","key":"4254_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31329-8","volume":"14","author":"K Yong-Hing","year":"1983","unstructured":"Yong-Hing K, Kirkaldy-Willis WH (1983) The pathophysiology of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine. Orthop Clin North Am 14(3):491\u2013504","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"4254_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.1.SPINE151005","volume":"25","author":"Z Buser","year":"2016","unstructured":"Buser Z, Brodke DS, Youssef JA, Meisel H-J, Myhre SL, Hashimoto R et al (2016) Synthetic bone graft versus autograft or allograft for spinal fusion: a systematic review. J Neurosurg Spine 25:509\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2016.1.SPINE151005.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"4254_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.14444\/3033","volume":"10","author":"A Kadam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kadam A, Millhouse PW, Kepler CK, Radcliff KE, Fehlings MG, Janssen ME et al (2016) Bone substitutes and expanders in spine surgery: a review of their fusion efficacies. Int J Spine Surg 10:33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14444\/3033","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"4254_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-016-3297-x","volume":"41","author":"R Lechner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lechner R, Putzer D, Liebensteiner M, Bach C, Thaler M (2017) Fusion rate and clinical outcome in anterior lumbar interbody fusion with beta-tricalcium phosphate and bone marrow aspirate as a bone graft substitute. A prospective clinical study in fifty patients. Int Orthop 41(2):333\u2013339","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4254_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2010.0255","volume":"17","author":"SA Abbah","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abbah SA, Lam CXF, Ramruttun KA, Goh JCH, Wong H-K (2011) Autogenous bone marrow stromal cell sheets-loaded mPCL\/TCP scaffolds induced osteogenesis in a porcine model of spinal interbody fusion. Tissue Eng Part A 17:809\u2013817","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"key":"4254_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2017.12.002","volume":"18","author":"G Bhakta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bhakta G, Ekaputra AK, Rai B, Abbah SA, Tan TC, Le BQ et al (2018) Fabrication of polycaprolactone-silanated \u03b2-tricalcium phosphate-heparan sulfate scaffolds for spinal fusion applications. Spine J 18:818\u2013830","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e98480","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098480","volume":"9","author":"X Han","year":"2014","unstructured":"Han X, Zhang W, Gu J, Zhao H, Ni L, Han J et al (2014) Accelerated postero-lateral spinal fusion by collagen scaffolds modified with engineered collagen-binding human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in rats. PLoS One 9:e98480","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4254_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001466","volume":"41","author":"PM Arnold","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arnold PM, Sasso RC, Janssen ME, Fehlings MG, Smucker JD, Vaccaro AR et al (2016) Efficacy of i-factor bone graft versus autograft in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: results of the prospective, randomized, single-blinded Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption study. Spine 41:1075\u20131083","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"4254_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx432","volume":"83","author":"PM Arnold","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arnold PM, Sasso RC, Janssen ME, Fehlings MG, Heary RF, Vaccaro AR et al (2018) i-FactorTM bone graft vs autograft in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: 2-year follow-up of the randomized single-blinded Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption study. Neurosurgery 83:377\u2013384","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"4254_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.02.002","volume":"12","author":"R Olivares-Navarrete","year":"2012","unstructured":"Olivares-Navarrete R, Gittens RA, Schneider JM, Hyzy SL, Haithcock DA, Ullrich PF et al (2012) Osteoblasts exhibit a more differentiated phenotype and increased bone morphogenetic protein production on titanium alloy substrates than on poly-ether-ether-ketone. Spine J 12:265\u2013272","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-4353-8","volume":"26","author":"Y Assem","year":"2017","unstructured":"Assem Y, Mobbs RJ, Pelletier MH, Phan K, Walsh WR (2017) Radiological and clinical outcomes of novel Ti\/PEEK combined spinal fusion cages: a systematic review and preclinical evaluation. Eur Spine J 26:593\u2013605","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.33471","volume":"104","author":"S St\u00fcbinger","year":"2016","unstructured":"St\u00fcbinger S, Drechsler A, B\u00fcrki A, Klein K, Kronen P, von Rechenberg B (2016) Titanium and hydroxyapatite coating of polyetheretherketone and carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone: a pilot study in sheep. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 104:1182\u20131191","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater"},{"key":"4254_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.09.009","volume":"185","author":"FB Torstrick","year":"2018","unstructured":"Torstrick FB, Lin ASP, Potter D, Safranski DL, Sulchek TA, Gall K et al (2018) Porous PEEK improves the bone-implant interface compared to plasma-sprayed titanium coating on PEEK. Biomaterials 185:106\u2013116","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"4254_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.01.012","volume":"83","author":"X Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang X, Xu S, Zhou S, Xu W, Leary M, Choong P et al (2016) Topological design and additive manufacturing of porous metals for bone scaffolds and orthopaedic implants: a review. Biomaterials 83:127\u2013141","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"4254_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.02.018","volume":"18","author":"KC McGilvray","year":"2018","unstructured":"McGilvray KC, Easley J, Seim HB, Regan D, Berven SH, Hsu WK et al (2018) Bony ingrowth potential of 3D-printed porous titanium alloy: a direct comparison of interbody cage materials in an in vivo ovine lumbar fusion model. Spine J 18:1250\u20131260","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000552","volume":"31","author":"L Dong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dong L, Wang D, Chen X, Liu T, Xu Z, Tan M et al (2018) A comprehensive meta-analysis of the adjacent segment parameters in cervical disk arthroplasty versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Clin Spine Surg 31:162\u2013173","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"4254_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.01186","volume":"97","author":"ME Janssen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Janssen ME, Zigler JE, Spivak JM, Delamarter RB, Darden BV, Kopjar B (2015) ProDisc-C Total disc replacement versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for single-level symptomatic cervical disc disease: seven-year follow-up of the prospective randomized U.S. Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 97:1738\u20131747","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"4254_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2016.10.047","volume":"37","author":"K-E Chang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chang K-E, Pham MH, Hsieh PC (2017) Adjacent segment disease requiring reoperation in cervical total disc arthroplasty: a literature review and update. J Clin Neurosci 37:20\u201324","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"4254_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.100B8.BJJ-2018-0120.R1","volume":"100-B","author":"C Findlay","year":"2018","unstructured":"Findlay C, Ayis S, Demetriades AK (2018) Total disc replacement versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Bone Joint J 100-B:991\u20131001","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"4254_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4655-5","volume":"26","author":"S Zou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zou S, Gao J, Xu B, Lu X, Han Y, Meng H (2017) Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) versus cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) for two contiguous levels cervical disc degenerative disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Spine J 26:985\u2013997","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3389-5","volume":"23","author":"Z Jia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jia Z, Mo Z, Ding F, He Q, Fan Y, Ruan D (2014) Hybrid surgery for multilevel cervical degenerative disc diseases: a systematic review of biomechanical and clinical evidence. Eur Spine J 23:1619\u20131632","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4791-y","volume":"26","author":"VM Lu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lu VM, Zhang L, Scherman DB, Rao PJ, Mobbs RJ, Phan K (2017) Treating multi-level cervical disc disease with hybrid surgery compared to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Spine J 26:546\u2013557","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.10.SPINE15505","volume":"24","author":"K Radcliff","year":"2016","unstructured":"Radcliff K, Lerner J, Yang C, Bernard T, Zigler JE (2016) Seven-year cost-effectiveness of ProDisc-C total disc replacement: results from investigational device exemption and post-approval studies. J Neurosurg Spine 24:760\u2013768","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"4254_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2419","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1393-6","volume":"468","author":"MD Kraus","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kraus MD, Krischak G, Keppler P, Gebhard FT, Schuetz UHW (2010) Can computer-assisted surgery reduce the effective dose for spinal fusion and sacroiliac screw insertion? Clin Orthop Relat Res 468:2419\u20132429","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4254_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.5.SPINE11399","volume":"17","author":"BJ Shin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shin BJ, James AR, Njoku IU, H\u00e4rtl R (2012) Pedicle screw navigation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of perforation risk for computer-navigated versus freehand insertion. J Neurosurg Spine 17:113\u2013122","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"4254_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-009-1258-4","volume":"19","author":"R Verma","year":"2010","unstructured":"Verma R, Krishan S, Haendlmayer K, Mohsen A (2010) Functional outcome of computer-assisted spinal pedicle screw placement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 23 studies including 5,992 pedicle screws. Eur Spine J 19:370\u2013375","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chachan S, Bin Abd Razak HR, Loo WL, Allen JC, Shree KD (2018) Cervical pedicle screw instrumentation is more reliable with O-arm-based 3D navigation: analysis of cervical pedicle screw placement accuracy with O-arm-based 3D navigation. Eur Spine J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-018-5585-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5585-1"},{"key":"4254_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199705010-00009","volume":"22","author":"EL Jones","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jones EL, Heller JG, Silcox DH, Hutton WC (1997) Cervical pedicle screws versus lateral mass screws. Anatomic feasibility and biomechanical comparison. Spine 22:977\u2013982","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"4254_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E298","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31828af33e","volume":"28","author":"N Luther","year":"2015","unstructured":"Luther N, Iorgulescu JB, Geannette C, Gebhard H, Saleh T, Tsiouris AJ et al (2015) Comparison of navigated versus non-navigated pedicle screw placement in 260 patients and 1434 screws: screw accuracy, screw size, and the complexity of surgery. J Spinal Disord Technol 28:E298\u2013E303","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Technol"},{"key":"4254_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1729-2","volume":"20","author":"SR Kantelhardt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kantelhardt SR, Martinez R, Baerwinkel S, Burger R, Giese A, Rohde V (2011) Perioperative course and accuracy of screw positioning in conventional, open robotic-guided and percutaneous robotic-guided, pedicle screw placement. Eur Spine J 20:860\u2013868","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E13","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.3.FOCUS1710","volume":"42","author":"V Solomiichuk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Solomiichuk V, Fleischhammer J, Molliqaj G, Warda J, Alaid A, von Eckardstein K et al (2017) Robotic versus fluoroscopy-guided pedicle screw insertion for metastatic spinal disease: a matched-cohort comparison. Neurosurg Focus 42:E13","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"4254_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.06.051","volume":"16","author":"JM Cuellar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cuellar JM, Stauff MP, Herzog RJ, Carrino JA, Baker GA, Carragee EJ (2016) Does provocative discography cause clinically important injury to the lumbar intervertebral disc? A 10-year matched cohort study. Spine J 16:273\u2013280","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31819c09c4","volume":"34","author":"AH Hsieh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hsieh AH, Hwang D, Ryan DA, Freeman AK, Kim H (2009) Degenerative anular changes induced by puncture are associated with insufficiency of disc biomechanical function. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34:998\u20131005","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"4254_CR48","first-page":"900","volume":"9","author":"T Lei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lei T, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Luo X, Tang K, Chen R, Yu C, Quan Z (2017) A novel approach for the annulus needle puncture model of intervertebral disc degeneration in rabbits. Am J Transl Res 9:900\u2013909","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"4254_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5952165","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5952165","volume":"2016","author":"C Daly","year":"2016","unstructured":"Daly C, Ghosh P, Jenkin G, Oehme D, Goldschlager T (2016) A review of animal models of intervertebral disc degeneration: pathophysiology, regeneration, and translation to the clinic. Biomed Res Int 2016:5952165","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"4254_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.09.015","volume":"63","author":"C Vergari","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vergari C, Mansfield JC, Chan D, Clarke A, Meakin JR, Winlove PC (2017) The effects of needle damage on annulus fibrosus micromechanics. Acta Biomater 63:274\u2013282","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"4254_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1002\/term.433","volume":"6","author":"G Vadala","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vadala G, Sowa G, Hubert M, Gilbertson LG, Denaro V, Kang JD (2012) Mesenchymal stem cells injection in degenerated intervertebral disc: cell leakage may induce osteophyte formation. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 6:348\u2013355","journal-title":"J Tissue Eng Regen Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"4254_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S972","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-3007-y","volume":"22","author":"G Vadala","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vadala G, De Strobel F, Bernardini M, Denaro L, D'Avella D, Denaro V (2013) The transpedicular approach for the study of intervertebral disc regeneration strategies: in vivo characterization. Eur Spine J 22(Suppl 6):S972\u2013S978","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E319","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318285bc4a","volume":"38","author":"G Vadala","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vadala G, Russo F, Pattappa G, Schiuma D, Peroglio M, Benneker LM, Grad S, Alini M, Denaro V (2013) The transpedicular approach as an alternative route for intervertebral disc regeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 38:E319\u2013E324","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"4254_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23195","volume":"34","author":"NV Vo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vo NV, Hartman RA, Patil PR, Risbud MV, Kletsas D, Iatridis JC, Hoyland JA, Le Maitre CL, Sowa GA, Kang JD (2016) Molecular mechanisms of biological aging in intervertebral discs. J Orthop Res 34:1289\u20131306","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"4254_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12121","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.7735","volume":"7","author":"X Lin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lin X, Fang X, Wang Q, Hu Z, Chen K, Shan Z, Chen S, Wang J, Mo J, Ma J et al (2016) Decellularized allogeneic intervertebral disc: natural biomaterials for regenerating disc degeneration. Oncotarget 7:12121\u201312136","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"4254_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3093","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.35858","volume":"104","author":"C Fernandez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fernandez C, Marionneaux A, Gill S, Mercuri J (2016) Biomimetic nucleus pulposus scaffold created from bovine caudal intervertebral disc tissue utilizing an optimal decellularization procedure. J Biomed Mater Res A 104:3093\u20133106","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res A"},{"key":"4254_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2016.10.022","volume":"17","author":"RA Wachs","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wachs RA, Hoogenboezem EN, Huda HI, Xin S, Porvasnik SL, Schmidt CE (2017) Creation of an injectable in situ gelling native extracellular matrix for nucleus pulposus tissue engineering. Spine J 17:435\u2013444","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2012.0088","volume":"19","author":"JJ Mercuri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mercuri JJ, Patnaik S, Dion G, Gill SS, Liao J, Simionescu DT (2013) Regenerative potential of decellularized porcine nucleus pulposus hydrogel scaffolds: stem cell differentiation, matrix remodeling, and biocompatibility studies. Tissue Eng Part A 19:952\u2013966","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"key":"4254_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23088","volume":"34","author":"S Illien-Junger","year":"2016","unstructured":"Illien-Junger S, Sedaghatpour DD, Laudier DM, Hecht AC, Qureshi SA, Iatridis JC (2016) Development of a bovine decellularized extracellular matrix-biomaterial for nucleus pulposus regeneration. J Orthop Res 34:876\u2013888","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"4254_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2013.11.010","volume":"10","author":"SS Sivan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sivan SS, Roberts S, Urban JP, Menage J, Bramhill J, Campbell D, Franklin VJ, Lydon F, Merkher Y, Maroudas A, Tighe BJ (2014) Injectable hydrogels with high fixed charge density and swelling pressure for nucleus pulposus repair: biomimetic glycosaminoglycan analogues. Acta Biomater 10:1124\u20131133","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"4254_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.01.040","volume":"84","author":"Z Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li Z, Lang G, Chen X, Sacks H, Mantzur C, Tropp U, Mader KT, Smallwood TC, Sammon C, Richards RG et al (2016) Polyurethane scaffold with in situ swelling capacity for nucleus pulposus replacement. Biomaterials 84:196\u2013209","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"4254_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2213-5","volume":"19","author":"WJ Choy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Choy WJ, Phan K, Diwan AD, Ong CS, Mobbs RJ (2018) Annular closure device for disc herniation: meta-analysis of clinical outcome and complications. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 19:290","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"4254_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2017.11.011","volume":"14","author":"DR Pereira","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pereira DR, Silva-Correia J, Oliveira JM, Reis RL, Pandit A, Biggs MJ (2018) Nanocellulose reinforced gellan-gum hydrogels as potential biological substitutes for annulus fibrosus tissue regeneration. Nanomedicine 14:897\u2013908","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"4254_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2384","volume":"12","author":"R Kang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kang R, Li H, Xi Z, Ringgard S, Baatrup A, Rickers K, Sun M, Le DQS, Wang M, Xie L et al (2018) Surgical repair of annulus defect with biomimetic multilamellar nano\/microfibrous scaffold in a porcine model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 12:164\u2013174","journal-title":"J Tissue Eng Regen Med"},{"key":"4254_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1567-4","volume":"18","author":"XC Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li XC, Tang Y, Wu JH, Yang PS, Wang DL, Ruan DK (2017) Characteristics and potentials of stem cells derived from human degenerated nucleus pulposus: potential for regeneration of the intervertebral disc. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 18:242","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"4254_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.2174\/1574888X10666150211161956","volume":"10","author":"E Krock","year":"2015","unstructured":"Krock E, Rosenzweig DH, Haglund L (2015) The inflammatory milieu of the degenerate disc: is mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for intervertebral disc repair a feasible approach? Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 10:317\u2013328","journal-title":"Curr Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"4254_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1662-9","volume":"20","author":"A Bertolo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bertolo A, Thiede T, Aebli N, Baur M, Ferguson SJ, Stoyanov JV (2011) Human mesenchymal stem cell co-culture modulates the immunological properties of human intervertebral disc tissue fragments in vitro. Eur Spine J 20:592\u2013603","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"4254_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-017-3560-9","volume":"41","author":"KA Pettine","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pettine KA, Suzuki RK, Sand TT, Murphy MB (2017) Autologous bone marrow concentrate intradiscal injection for the treatment of degenerative disc disease with three-year follow-up. Int Orthop 41:2097\u20132103","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"4254_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-2840-5","volume":"40","author":"Y Hou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hou Y, Shi G, Shi J, Xu G, Guo Y, Xu P (2016) Study design: in vitro and in vivo assessment of bone morphogenic protein 2 combined with platelet-rich plasma on treatment of disc degeneration. Int Orthop 40(6):1143\u20131155","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4254_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1080\/03008207.2017.1282951","volume":"58","author":"VYL Leung","year":"2017","unstructured":"Leung VYL, Zhou L, Tam WK, Sun Y, Lv F, Zhou G, Cheung KMC (2017) Bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -7 mediate the anabolic function of nucleus pulposus cells with discrete mechanisms. Connect Tissue Res 58:573\u2013585","journal-title":"Connect Tissue Res"},{"key":"4254_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000148002.68656.4d","volume":"30","author":"HS An","year":"2005","unstructured":"An HS, Takegami K, Kamada H, Nguyen CM, Thonar EJ, Singh K, Andersson GB, Masuda K (2005) Intradiscal administration of osteogenic protein-1 increases intervertebral disc height and proteoglycan content in the nucleus pulposus in normal adolescent rabbits. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 30:25\u201331 discussion 31\u201322","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"4254_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0625-2","volume":"17","author":"N Willems","year":"2015","unstructured":"Willems N, Bach FC, Plomp SGM, van Rijen MHP, Wolfswinkel J, Grinwis GCM, Bos C, Strijkers GJ, Dhert WJA, Meij BP et al (2015) Intradiscal application of rhBMP-7 does not induce regeneration in a canine model of spontaneous intervertebral disc degeneration. Arthritis Res Ther 17:137","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"4254_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2015.08.010","volume":"8","author":"YA Tuakli-Wosornu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tuakli-Wosornu YA, Terry A, Boachie-Adjei K, Harrison JR, Gribbin CK, LaSalle EE, Nguyen JT, Solomon JL, Lutz GE (2016) Lumbar intradiskal platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections: a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled study. PM R 8:1\u201310 quiz 10","journal-title":"PM R"},{"issue":"6","key":"4254_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-016-3178-3","volume":"40","author":"M Monfett","year":"2016","unstructured":"Monfett M, Harrison J, Boachie-Adjei K, Lutz G (2016) Intradiscal platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections for discogenic low back pain: an update. Int Orthop 40(6):1321\u20131328","journal-title":"Int Orthop"}],"container-title":["International Orthopaedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4254-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4254-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4254-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T01:25:30Z","timestamp":1662513930000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4254-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["4254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4254-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0341-2695","1432-5195"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0341-2695","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5195","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 October 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 November 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 November 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest. Disclosures outside of submitted work: ZB\u2014consultancy: Xenco Medical, AO Spine; research support: SeaSpine (paid directly to institution); JCW\u2014Royalties\u2014Biomet, SeaSpine, Amedica, DePuy Synthes; Investments\/Options\u2014Fziomed, Promethean, Paradigm Spine, Benvenue, Nexgen, Vertiflex, Electrocore, Surgitech, Expanding Orthopedics, Osprey, Bone Biologics, Pearldiver; Board of Directors\u2014North American Spine Society, North American Spine Foundation, AO Foundation, Cervical Spine Research Society; Fellowship Funding (paid to institution): AO Foundation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}