{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T19:49:35Z","timestamp":1782503375054,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602720000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Orthopaedics (SICOT)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-020-04831-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T06:02:47Z","timestamp":1602741767000},"page":"2711-2717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Tuberosity union in patients with proximal humerus fractures treated with reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a technical note and exploratory analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4529-0932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Hess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Bohnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurenz","family":"Jaberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JoEllen","family":"Welter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Christoph","family":"Pape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Sireus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3 Suppl","key":"4831_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209S","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(95)00504-8","volume":"18","author":"JA Baron","year":"1996","unstructured":"Baron JA, Barrett JA, Karagas MR (1996) The epidemiology of peripheral fractures. Bone 18(3 Suppl):209S\u2013213S","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"6","key":"4831_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199611000-00008","volume":"7","author":"JA Baron","year":"1996","unstructured":"Baron JA, Karagas M, Barrett J, Kniffin W, Malenka D, Mayor M, Keller RB (1996) Basic epidemiology of fractures of the upper and lower limb among Americans over 65 years of age. Epidemiology 7(6):612\u2013618","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"4831_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e242","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000312","volume":"29","author":"JW Karl","year":"2015","unstructured":"Karl JW, Olson PR, Rosenwasser MP (2015) The epidemiology of upper extremity fractures in the United States, 2009. J Orthop Trauma 29(8):e242\u2013e244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000312","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"4831_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s10195-017-0468-5","volume":"18","author":"RN Kruithof","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kruithof RN, Formijne Jonkers HA, van der Ven DJC, van Olden GDJ, Timmers TK (2017) Functional and quality of life outcome after non-operatively managed proximal humeral fractures. Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 18(4):423\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10195-017-0468-5","journal-title":"Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"4831_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.89B4.18435","volume":"89","author":"T Bufquin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bufquin T, Hersan A, Hubert L, Massin P (2007) Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of three- and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus in the elderly: a prospective review of 43 cases with a short-term follow-up. The Journal of bone and joint surgery British volume 89(4):516\u2013520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.89B4.18435","journal-title":"The Journal of bone and joint surgery British volume"},{"issue":"5","key":"4831_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2009.03.018","volume":"95","author":"JF Cazeneuve","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cazeneuve JF, Cristofari DJ (2009) Delta III reverse shoulder arthroplasty: radiological outcome for acute complex fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients. Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery & Research : OTSR 95(5):325\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2009.03.018","journal-title":"Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery & Research : OTSR"},{"issue":"1","key":"4831_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2008.09.002","volume":"95","author":"D Gallinet","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gallinet D, Clappaz P, Garbuio P, Tropet Y, Obert L (2009) Three or four parts complex proximal humerus fractures: hemiarthroplasty versus reverse prosthesis: a comparative study of 40 cases. Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR 95(1):48\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2008.09.002","journal-title":"Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR"},{"issue":"10","key":"4831_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31818afe40","volume":"22","author":"M Klein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Klein M, Juschka M, Hinkenjann B, Scherger B, Ostermann PA (2008) Treatment of comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients with the Delta III reverse shoulder prosthesis. J Orthop Trauma 22(10):698\u2013704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31818afe40","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"9","key":"4831_CR9","first-page":"458","volume":"40","author":"RD Reitman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reitman RD, Kerzhner E (2011) Reverse shoulder arthoplasty as treatment for comminuted proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients. Am J Orthop 40(9):458\u2013461","journal-title":"Am J Orthop"},{"issue":"7","key":"4831_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-020-04612-y","volume":"44","author":"P Valenti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Valenti P, Zampeli F, Ciais G, Kany J, Katz D (2020) The initial treatment of complex proximal humerus fracture affects the outcome of revision with reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Int Orthop 44(7):1331\u20131340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-020-04612-y","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"4","key":"4831_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2007.08.002","volume":"23","author":"B Wall","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wall B, Walch G (2007) Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures. Hand Clin 23(4):425\u2013430, v-vi. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hcl.2007.08.002","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"issue":"9","key":"4831_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-016-3227-y","volume":"40","author":"DD Savin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Savin DD, Zamfirova I, Iannotti J, Goldberg BA, Youderian AR (2016) Survey study suggests that reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is becoming the treatment of choice for four-part fractures of the humeral head in the elderly. Int Orthop 40(9):1919\u20131925. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-016-3227-y","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"1 Suppl S","key":"4831_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.10.006","volume":"14","author":"P Boileau","year":"2005","unstructured":"Boileau P, Watkinson DJ, Hatzidakis AM, Balg F (2005) Grammont reverse prosthesis: design, rationale, and biomechanics. J Shoulder Elb Surg 14(1 Suppl S):147S\u2013161S. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2004.10.006","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"4831_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3324","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-2055-z","volume":"469","author":"C Lenarz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lenarz C, Shishani Y, McCrum C, Nowinski RJ, Edwards TB, Gobezie R (2011) Is reverse shoulder arthroplasty appropriate for the treatment of fractures in the older patient? Early observations. Clin Orthop Relat Res 469(12):3324\u20133331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-011-2055-z","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"4831_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3181f22088","volume":"25","author":"JC Levy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Levy JC, Badman B (2011) Reverse shoulder prosthesis for acute four-part fracture: tuberosity fixation using a horseshoe graft. J Orthop Trauma 25(5):318\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3181f22088","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"4831_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.08.001","volume":"20","author":"MA Zumstein","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zumstein MA, Pinedo M, Old J, Boileau P (2011) Problems, complications, reoperations, and revisions in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review. J Shoulder Elb Surg 20(1):146\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2010.08.001","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4831_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.08.025","volume":"28","author":"P Boileau","year":"2019","unstructured":"Boileau P, Alta TD, Decroocq L, Sirveaux F, Clavert P, Favard L, Chelli M (2019) Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for acute fractures in the elderly: is it worth reattaching the tuberosities? J Shoulder Elb Surg 28(3):437\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2018.08.025","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4831_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.09.006","volume":"28","author":"NP Jain","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jain NP, Mannan SS, Dharmarajan R, Rangan A (2019) Tuberosity healing after reverse shoulder arthroplasty for complex proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients-does it improve outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Shoulder Elb Surg 28(3):e78\u2013e91. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2018.09.006","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4831_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230949901876013","DOI":"10.1177\/2309499018760132","volume":"26","author":"C Torrens","year":"2018","unstructured":"Torrens C, Alentorn-Geli E, Mingo F, Gamba C, Santana F (2018) Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of acute complex proximal humeral fractures: influence of greater tuberosity healing on the functional outcomes. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 26(1):2309499018760132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2309499018760132","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"},{"issue":"7","key":"4831_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.11.034","volume":"26","author":"YM Chun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chun YM, Kim DS, Lee DH, Shin SJ (2017) Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for four-part proximal humerus fracture in elderly patients: can a healed tuberosity improve the functional outcomes? J Shoulder Elb Surg 26(7):1216\u20131221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2016.11.034","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"key":"4831_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-015-0261-1","volume":"10","author":"R Garofalo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Garofalo R, Flanagin B, Castagna A, Lo EY, Krishnan SG (2015) Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for proximal humerus fracture using a dedicated stem: radiological outcomes at a minimum 2 years of follow-up-case series. J Orthop Surg Res 10:129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-015-0261-1","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"4831_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.02.024","volume":"25","author":"F Grubhofer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Grubhofer F, Wieser K, Meyer DC, Catanzaro S, Beeler S, Riede U, Gerber C (2016) Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for acute head-splitting, 3- and 4-part fractures of the proximal humerus in the elderly. J Shoulder Elb Surg 25(10):1690\u20131698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2016.02.024","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"4831_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e263","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001465","volume":"33","author":"JO Wright","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wright JO, Ho A, Kalma J, Koueiter D, Esterle J, Marcantonio D, Wiater JM, Wiater B (2019) Uncemented reverse total shoulder arthroplasty as initial treatment for comminuted proximal humerus fractures. J Orthop Trauma 33(7):e263\u2013e269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001465","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"4831_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197052060-00001","volume":"52","author":"CS Neer 2nd","year":"1970","unstructured":"Neer CS 2nd (1970) Displaced proximal humeral fractures. I. Classification and evaluation. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery American 52(6):1077\u20131089","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery American"},{"issue":"6","key":"4831_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2008.02.010","volume":"17","author":"C Levigne","year":"2008","unstructured":"Levigne C, Boileau P, Favard L, Garaud P, Mole D, Sirveaux F, Walch G (2008) Scapular notching in reverse shoulder arthroplasty. J Shoulder Elb Surg 17(6):925\u2013935. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2008.02.010","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4831_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.86b3.14024","volume":"86","author":"F Sirveaux","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sirveaux F, Favard L, Oudet D, Huquet D, Walch G, Mole D (2004) Grammont inverted total shoulder arthroplasty in the treatment of glenohumeral osteoarthritis with massive rupture of the cuff. Results of a multicentre study of 80 shoulders. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery British 86(3):388\u2013395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.86b3.14024","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery British"},{"issue":"22","key":"4831_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01637","volume":"95","author":"DJ Cuff","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cuff DJ, Pupello DR (2013) Comparison of hemiarthroplasty and reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am 95(22):2050\u20132055. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.L.01637","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"4831_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.03.011","volume":"22","author":"D Gallinet","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gallinet D, Adam A, Gasse N, Rochet S, Obert L (2013) Improvement in shoulder rotation in complex shoulder fractures treated by reverse shoulder arthroplasty. J Shoulder Elb Surg 22(1):38\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2012.03.011","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"4831_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.06.035","volume":"23","author":"E Sebastia-Forcada","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sebastia-Forcada E, Cebrian-Gomez R, Lizaur-Utrilla A, Gil-Guillen V (2014) Reverse shoulder arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for acute proximal humeral fractures. A blinded, randomized, controlled, prospective study. J Shoulder Elb Surg 23(10):1419\u20131426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2014.06.035","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"4831_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.92B4.22450","volume":"92","author":"JF Cazeneuve","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cazeneuve JF, Cristofari DJ (2010) The reverse shoulder prosthesis in the treatment of fractures of the proximal humerus in the elderly. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery British 92(4):535\u2013539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.92B4.22450","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery British"},{"issue":"6","key":"4831_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/s0035-1040(06)75911-6","volume":"92","author":"JF Cazeneuve","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cazeneuve JF, Cristofari DJ (2006) Grammont reversed prosthesis for acute complex fracture of the proximal humerus in an elderly population with 5 to 12 years follow-up. Revue de chirurgie orthopedique et reparatrice de l\u2019appareil moteur 92(6):543\u2013548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0035-1040(06)75911-6","journal-title":"Revue de chirurgie orthopedique et reparatrice de l\u2019appareil moteur"},{"issue":"1","key":"4831_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-019-04427-6","volume":"44","author":"PS Marcheix","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marcheix PS, Bazin I, Vergnenegre G, Mabit C, Charissoux JL (2020) Treatment of cephalotuberosity fractures in elderly patients treated by reverse shoulder prosthesis: a study of functional results in relation to deltoid tension. Int Orthop 44(1):147\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-019-04427-6","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"4831_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2002.126098","volume":"11","author":"MA Frankle","year":"2002","unstructured":"Frankle MA, Ondrovic LE, Markee BA, Harris ML, Lee WE 3rd (2002) Stability of tuberosity reattachment in proximal humeral hemiarthroplasty. J Shoulder Elb Surg 11(5):413\u2013420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mse.2002.126098","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"4831_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3317","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-1919-6","volume":"469","author":"SG Krishnan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Krishnan SG, Reineck JR, Bennion PD, Feher L, Burkhead WZ Jr (2011) Shoulder arthroplasty for fracture: does a fracture-specific stem make a difference? Clin Orthop Relat Res 469(12):3317\u20133323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-011-1919-6","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"4831_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.04.017","volume":"23","author":"F Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li F, Zhu Y, Lu Y, Liu X, Wu G, Jiang C (2014) Hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures: does a trabecular metal prosthesis make a difference? A prospective, comparative study with a minimum 3-year follow-up. J Shoulder Elb Surg 23(10):1437\u20131443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2014.04.017","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"}],"container-title":["International Orthopaedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-020-04831-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00264-020-04831-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-020-04831-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]],"date-time":"2021-10-15T03:24:42Z","timestamp":1634268282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00264-020-04831-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4831"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-020-04831-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0341-2695","1432-5195"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0341-2695","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5195","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 September 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 October 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study design was approved by the local ethics committee (2019\u201300414), and written consent was obtained from all participants.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individuals described in this case series.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}