{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T23:36:54Z","timestamp":1794440214507,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia Fund","award":["SKL-HIDCA-2021-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKL-HIDCA-2021-22"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Orthopaedics (SICOT)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Echinococcosis remains a major economic and severe public health problem in endemic areas. Bone echinococcosis is rare, and the vertebra and pelvis are the most common sites of echinococcosis involving the skeletal. Because of the clinical severe symptoms and high recurrence rate, it brings excellent trouble to patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, radiological findings, and treatment of 44 patients with vertebral and pelvic echinococcosis during a period of 16\u00a0years (2005\u20132020).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The mean age was 43\u00a0years (25 males, 19 females; 19\u201368\u00a0years). The most common symptom was pain, followed by numbness, weakness, activity limitation, and progressive paraparesis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test (ELISA) results were positive in 18 cases (75%). There are 24 cases of hydatid infection of the spine, 14 hydatid infection of the pelvis, and six hydatid infection of both vertebra and pelvis. The site of infection was 13 (29.5%) thoracic, five (11.4%) lumbar, four (9.1%) lumbosacral, seven (15.9%) sacral, 19 (43.2%) ilium, seven (15.9%) hip, six (13.6%) ischium, five (11.4%) pubis, and two (4.5%) femur, respectively. The imaging findings were cystic dilatancy, septal, and irregular bone destruction. MRI has a special value in showing the relationship between the surrounding tissues and organs of cystic bone echinococcosis. All patients were followed up for at least one\u00a0year. The mean follow-up time was 3.6\u00a0years.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Even in epidemic areas, the incidence of bone echinococcosis is relatively rare. However, when encountering the vertebral and pelvic destruction, consider bone echinococcosis\u2019s possibility, especially for the herdsmen in endemic regions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-023-05731-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T05:15:07Z","timestamp":1677215707000},"page":"1153-1162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Vertebral and pelvic echinococcosis in northwestern China"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Laihong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pahati","family":"Tuxunjiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2475-4352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenya","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8442-6487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"982","key":"5731_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2007.057166","volume":"83","author":"XH Song","year":"2007","unstructured":"Song XH, Ding LW, Wen H (2007) Bone hydatid disease. Postgrad Med J 83(982):536\u2013542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.2007.057166","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"5731_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4465","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.4465","volume":"11","author":"F Inayat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Inayat F, Rana RE, Azam S, Ahmad R, Ahmad S (2019) Pelvic bone hydatidosis: a dangerous crippling disease. Cureus 11(4):e4465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.4465","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"10","key":"5731_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.24198","volume":"47","author":"P Ramteke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ramteke P, Phulware RH, Shende T, Sahoo B, Barwad A (2019) Hydatid cyst of femur, radiologically mimicking a sarcoma. Diagn Cytopathol 47(10):1045\u20131048. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dc.24198","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"5731_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200309000-00019","volume":"85","author":"A Herrera","year":"2003","unstructured":"Herrera A, Martinez AA (2003) Extraspinal bone hydatidosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 85:1790\u20131794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-200309000-00019","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"5731_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s002680020010","volume":"25","author":"M Zlitini","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zlitini M, Ezzaoula K, Lebib H, Karray M, Kooli M, Mesteri M (2001) Hydatid cyst of bone: diagnosis and treatment. World J Surg 25(1):75\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002680020010","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"5731_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1306.061074","volume":"13","author":"A Schweiger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schweiger A, Ammann RW, Candinas D, Clavien PA, Eckert J, Gottstein B et al (2007) Human alveolar echinococcosis after fox population increase, Switzerland. Emerg Infect Dis 13(6):878\u2013882. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid1306.061074","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"5731_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00075","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00075-18","volume":"32","author":"H Wen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wen H, Vuitton L, Tuxun T, Liu J, Vuitton DA, Zhang W et al (2019) Echinococcosis: advances in the 21st century. Clin Microbiol Rev 32(2):e00075-e118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.00075-18","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"5731_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e722","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000722","volume":"4","author":"PR Torgerson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Torgerson PR, Keller K, Magnotta M, Ragland N (2010) The global burden of alveolar echinococcosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4(6):e722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000722","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"5731_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt429","volume":"69","author":"S Steinmetz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Steinmetz S, Racloz G, Stern R, Dominguez D, Al-Mayahi M, Schibler M et al (2014) Treatment challenges associated with bone echinococcosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 69(3):821\u2013826. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkt429","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"5731_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12246","volume":"8","author":"G Togral","year":"2016","unstructured":"Togral G, Arkan S, Ekiz T, Keke\u00e7 AF, Ek\u015fio\u011flu MF (2016) Musculoskeletal hydatid cysts resembling tumors: a report of five cases. Orthop Surg 8(2):246\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.12246","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"5731_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2450","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002450","volume":"7","author":"A Neumayr","year":"2013","unstructured":"Neumayr A, Tamarozzi F, Goblirsch S, Blum J, Brunetti E (2013) Spinal cystic echinococcosis-a systematic analysis and review of the literature: part 1. Epidemiology and anatomy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7(9):e2450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002450","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"5731_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2017.1401466","volume":"15","author":"B Monge-Maillo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Monge-Maillo B, Chamorro Tojeiro S, L\u00f3pez-V\u00e9lez R (2017) Management of osseous cystic echinococcosis. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 15(12):1075\u20131082. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14787210.2017.1401466","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"5731_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0758","volume":"100","author":"L Cattaneo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cattaneo L, Manciulli T, Cretu CM, Giordani MT, Angheben A, Bartoloni A et al (2019) Cystic echinococcosis of the bone: a European multicenter study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 100(3):617\u2013621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0758","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"11","key":"5731_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1915","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001915","volume":"6","author":"M FasihiHarandi","year":"2012","unstructured":"FasihiHarandi M, Budke CM, Rostami S (2012) The monetary burden of cystic echinococcosis in Iran. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 6(11):e1915. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001915","journal-title":"PLOS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"5731_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2013.51.4.453","volume":"51","author":"D Bracanovic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bracanovic D, Djuric M, Sopta J, Djonic D, Lujic N (2013) Skeletal manifestations of hydatid disease in serbia: demographic distribution, site involvement, radiological findings, and complications. Korean J Parasitol 51(4):453\u2013459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3347\/kjp.2013.51.4.453","journal-title":"Korean J Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5731_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.23","volume":"66","author":"G Bartholomot","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bartholomot G, Vuitton DA, Harraga S, da Shi Z, Giraudoux P, Barnish G et al (2002) Combined ultrasound and serologic screening for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in central China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 66(1):23\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.23","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"5731_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-200101000-00014","volume":"25","author":"M T\u00fcz\u00fcn","year":"2001","unstructured":"T\u00fcz\u00fcn M, Hekimo\u011flu B (2001) Various locations of cystic and alveolar hydatid disease: CT appearances. J Comput Assist Tomogr 25(1):81\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004728-200101000-00014","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"5731_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.09.010","volume":"18","author":"Q Liang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liang Q, Wen H, Yunus A, Tian Z, Jiang F, Song X (2014) Treatment experiences of pelvic bone hydatidosis. Int J Infect Dis 18:57\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.09.010","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"5731_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e87","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30335-3","volume":"18","author":"TR Meinel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meinel TR, Gottstein B, Geib V, Keel MJ, Biral R, Mohaupt M et al (2018) Vertebral alveolar echinococcosis-a case report, systematic analysis, and review of the literature. Lancet Infect Dis 18(3):e87\u2013e98. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30335-3","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"5731_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2005.11753843","volume":"28","author":"MM Prabhakar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Prabhakar MM, Acharya AJ, Modi DR, Jadav B (2005) Spinal hydatid disease: a case series. J Spinal Cord Med 28(5):426\u2013431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10790268.2005.11753843","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"5731_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2007.8.6.548","volume":"8","author":"HT Sanal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sanal HT, Kocaoglu M, Bulakbasi N, Yildirim D (2007) Pelvic hydatid disease: CT and MRI findings causing sciatica. Korean J Radiol 8(6):548\u2013551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3348\/kjr.2007.8.6.548","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"5731_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3866","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e3866","volume":"344","author":"DP McManus","year":"2012","unstructured":"McManus DP, Gray DJ, Zhang W, Yang Y (2012) Diagnosis, treatment, and management of echinococcosis. BMJ 344:e3866. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.e3866","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"5731_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1673.2002.t01-1-01099.x","volume":"46","author":"BS Morris","year":"2002","unstructured":"Morris BS, Madiwale CV, Garg A, Chavhan GB (2002) Hydatid disease of bone: a mimic of other skeletal pathologies. Australas Radiol 46(4):431\u2013434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1440-1673.2002.t01-1-01099.x","journal-title":"Australas Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5731_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bsd.0000211288.37013.42","volume":"20","author":"XH Song","year":"2007","unstructured":"Song XH, Liu DP, Wen H (2007) Diagnostic pitfalls of spinal echinococcosis. J Spinal Disord Tech 20(2):180\u2013185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.bsd.0000211288.37013.42","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"issue":"1","key":"5731_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01912-2","volume":"15","author":"YW Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen YW, Aikebaier A, Zhao Y (2020) Evaluation of imaging features of pelvic echinococcosis based on multimodal images. J Orthop Surg Res 15(1):493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-020-01912-2","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"5731_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.13107\/jocr.2250-0685.834","volume":"7","author":"N Bhatnagar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhatnagar N, Kishan H, Sura S, Lingaiah P, Jaikumar K (2017) Pelvic hydatid disease: a case report and review of literature. J Orthop Case Rep 7(4):25\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13107\/jocr.2250-0685.834","journal-title":"J Orthop Case Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"5731_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-003-0624-7","volume":"124","author":"A Mass\u00e8","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mass\u00e8 A, Parola PG, Brach del Prever EM, Gallinaro P (2004) Hydatidosis of the pelvis: a case report with a 25-year follow-up. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 124(3):203\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-003-0624-7","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"5731_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2013.7.1.39","volume":"7","author":"M Gouse","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gouse M, Amritanand R, Venkatesh K, David Sundararaj G (2013) Recurrent echinococcal infection of the lumbar spine: an 11 year follow-up. Asian Spine J 7(1):39\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4184\/asj.2013.7.1.39","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"5731_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4178","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.4178","volume":"11","author":"F Inayat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Inayat F, Azam S, Baig AS, Nawaz G, Ullah W (2019) Presentation patterns, diagnostic modalities, management strategies, and clinical outcomes in patients with hydatid disease of the pelvic bone: a comparative review of 31 cases. Cureus 11(3):e4178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.4178","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"7","key":"5731_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.83b7.12105","volume":"83","author":"Y Yildiz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yildiz Y, Bayrakci K, Altay M, Saglik Y (2001) The use of polymethylmethacrylate in the management of hydatid disease of bone. J Bone Joint Surg Br British 83(7):1005\u20131008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.83b7.12105","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br British"},{"issue":"6","key":"5731_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.12.017","volume":"13","author":"R Siwach","year":"2009","unstructured":"Siwach R, Singh R, Kadian VK, Singh Z, Jain M, Madan H, Singh S (2009) Extensive hydatidosis of the femur and pelvis with pathological fracture: a case report. Int J Infect Dis 13(6):e480-482. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.12.017","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["International Orthopaedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-023-05731-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00264-023-05731-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-023-05731-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T11:07:37Z","timestamp":1680779257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00264-023-05731-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["5731"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-023-05731-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0341-2695","1432-5195"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0341-2695","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5195","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 January 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. It was reviewed and approved by the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University research ethics committee for exemptions and exemptions from written informed consent requirements.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors agreed to be published in this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}