{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T21:06:46Z","timestamp":1789506406192,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025JJ81166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JJ81166"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Orthopaedics (SICOT)"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-026-07021-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:15:48Z","timestamp":1789503348000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early postoperative serum metal profiles and subsequent revision-related surgery after instrumented fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Alonge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sha","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"7021_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-024-09939-2","volume":"18","author":"AH Jinnah","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jinnah AH, Lynch KA, Wood TR, Hughes MS (2025) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: advances in diagnosis and management. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 18:54\u201360","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"7021_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-024-02052-7","volume":"29","author":"M Pishnamaz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pishnamaz M et al (2024) Long-term outcomes of spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review. Eur J Med Res 29:534","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"7021_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682221117130","volume":"14","author":"Y Dong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dong Y et al (2024) Revision surgery after spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Glob Spine J 14:603\u2013609","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"7021_CR4","first-page":"e23.00179","volume":"9","author":"P Boufadel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Boufadel P, Badin D, Samdani AF, Sponseller PD (2024) Reoperation rate after posterior spinal fusion varies significantly by Lenke type. JB JS Open Access 9:e23.00179","journal-title":"JB JS Open Access"},{"key":"7021_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.02.019","volume":"24","author":"J Burgos","year":"2024","unstructured":"Burgos J et al (2024) Elevated blood metal ion levels in patients undergoing instrumented spinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine J 24:947\u2013960","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"7021_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16549","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-99065-x","volume":"15","author":"S Tamagawa","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tamagawa S et al (2025) Comparison of blood metal ion levels in scoliosis patients following instrumented spinal fusion with cobalt-chromium and titanium alloy rods. Sci Rep 15:16549","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"7021_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang Y et al (2026) Are levels of blood metal nanoparticles elevated after spinal fusion and implantation in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? Clin Orthop Relat Res. Published online April 28, 2026\u00a0","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000003964"},{"key":"7021_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014508","volume":"131","author":"GS Collins","year":"2015","unstructured":"Collins GS, Reitsma JB, Altman DG, Moons KGM (2015) Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD). Circulation 131:211\u2013219","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"7021_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e074819","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-074819","volume":"384","author":"GS Collins","year":"2024","unstructured":"Collins GS et al (2024) Evaluation of clinical prediction models (part 1): from development to external validation. BMJ 384:e074819","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"7021_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-1376","volume":"170","author":"RF Wolff","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wolff RF et al (2019) PROBAST: a tool to assess the risk of bias and applicability of prediction model studies. Ann Intern Med 170:51\u201358","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"7021_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-8-53","volume":"8","author":"AJ Vickers","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vickers AJ, Cronin AM, Elkin EB, Gonen M (2008) Extensions to decision curve analysis, a novel method for evaluating diagnostic tests, prediction models and molecular markers. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 8:53","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"7021_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000158872.42802.be","volume":"30","author":"Y-J Kim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kim Y-J et al (2005) Serum levels of nickel and chromium after instrumented posterior spinal arthrodesis. Spine 30:923\u2013926","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"7021_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181d53724","volume":"35","author":"TP Cundy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cundy TP et al (2010) Chromium ion release from stainless steel pediatric scoliosis instrumentation. Spine 35:967\u2013974","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"7021_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3279-x","volume":"23","author":"TP Cundy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cundy TP et al (2014) Serum titanium, niobium and aluminium levels two years following instrumented spinal fusion in children: does implant surface area predict serum metal ion levels? Eur Spine J 23:2393\u20132400","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"7021_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004406","volume":"47","author":"PJ Cundy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cundy PJ, Antoniou G, Freeman BJC, Cundy WJ (2022) Persistently raised serum titanium levels after spinal instrumentation in children. Spine 47:1241\u20131247","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"7021_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3036","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-022-07341-5","volume":"31","author":"D Fell","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fell D, Diarbakerli E, Gerdhem P (2022) Serum metal ion levels following spinal deformity surgery: a case-control study of 182 individuals. Eur Spine J 31:3036\u20133041","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"7021_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2017.06.005","volume":"6","author":"C Yilgor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yilgor C et al (2018) Metal ion release during growth-friendly instrumentation for early-onset scoliosis: a preliminary study. Spine Deform 6:48\u201353","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"7021_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.102B10.BJJ-2020-0842.R1","volume":"102-B","author":"T Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang T et al (2020) Systematic investigation of metallosis associated with magnetically controlled growing rod implantation for early-onset scoliosis: investigating metallosis in magnetically controlled growing rod surgery. Bone Joint J 102-B:1375\u20131383","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"7021_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-4347-6","volume":"25","author":"Y Goldenberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goldenberg Y, Tee JW, Salinas-La Rosa CM, Murphy M (2016) Spinal metallosis: a systematic review. Eur Spine J 25:1467\u20131473","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"7021_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.04.093","volume":"139","author":"KL Curley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Curley KL, Krishna C, Maiti TK, McClendon J, Bendok BR (2020) Metal hypersensitivity after spinal instrumentation: when to suspect and how to treat. World Neurosurg 139:471\u2013477","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"7021_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v14.i8.651","volume":"14","author":"YH Kwan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kwan YH, Teo HLT, Dinesh SK, Loo WL (2023) Metallosis with spinal implant loosening after spinal instrumentation: a case report. World J Orthop 14:651\u2013661","journal-title":"World J Orthop"},{"key":"7021_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-017-0502-8","volume":"410","author":"J Feldmann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Feldmann J, Raab A, Krupp EM (2018) Importance of ICPMS for speciation analysis is changing: future trends for targeted and non-targeted element speciation analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 410:661\u2013667","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"key":"7021_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"m441","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m441","volume":"368","author":"RD Riley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Riley RD et al (2020) Calculating the sample size required for developing a clinical prediction model. BMJ 368:m441","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["International Orthopaedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-026-07021-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00264-026-07021-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00264-026-07021-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:15:50Z","timestamp":1789503350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00264-026-07021-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["7021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-026-07021-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0341-2695","1432-5195"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0341-2695","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5195","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 August 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the ethics committee of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (approval number: 2024091060). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians, as appropriate. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional guidelines.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}