{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T02:59:58Z","timestamp":1793156398845,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aesth Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-021-02718-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T00:03:46Z","timestamp":1642637026000},"page":"2469-2479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Effect of Lipofilling and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Patients with Moderate\u2013Severe Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus who were Non-Responders to Topical Clobetasol Propionate: A Randomized Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7729-9480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Gutierrez-Ontalvilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Giner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Iborra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2718_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1988.tb01748.x","volume":"118","author":"RH Meyrick Thomas","year":"1988","unstructured":"Meyrick Thomas RH, Ridley CM, McGibbon DH, Black MM (1988) Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus and autoimmunity\u2013a study of 350 women. Br J Dermatol 118(1):41\u201346","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2718_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1986.tb06659.x","volume":"115","author":"NH Cox","year":"1986","unstructured":"Cox NH, Mitchell JN, Morley WN (1986) Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in non-identical female twins. Br J Dermatol 115:743\u2013746","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2718_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03572.x","volume":"24","author":"V Sherman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sherman V, McPherson T, Baldo M, Salim A, Gao XH, Wojnarowska F (2010) The high rate of familial lichen sclerosus suggests a genetic contribution: an observational cohort study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 24:1031\u20131034","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"2718_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03360.x","volume":"142","author":"J Powell","year":"2000","unstructured":"Powell J, Wojnarowska F, Winsey S, Marren P, Welsh K (2000) Lichen sclerosus premenarche: autoimmunity and immunogenetics. Br J Dermatol 142:481\u2013484","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2718_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13863-9","volume":"362","author":"N Oyama","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oyama N, Chan I, Neill SM et al (2003) Autoantibodies to extracellular matrix protein 1 in lichen sclerosus. Lancet 362:118\u2013123","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9166","key":"2718_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)08228-2","volume":"353","author":"JJ Powell","year":"1999","unstructured":"Powell JJ, Wojnarowska F (1999) Lichen sclerosus. Lancet 353(9166):1777\u20131783","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"2718_CR7","first-page":"477","volume":"50","author":"AT Goldstein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goldstein AT, Marinoff SC, Christopher K, Srodon M (2005) Prevalence of vulvar lichen sclerosus in a general gynecology practice. J Reprod Med 50(7):477\u2013480","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2718_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2019.0323","volume":"155","author":"LM Sadowsky","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sadowsky LM, Schlosser BJ (2019) Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in a patient with vulvar lichen sclerosus. JAMA Dermatol 155(7):844","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2718_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16241","volume":"178","author":"FM Lewis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lewis FM, Tatnall FM, Velangi SS, Bunker CB, Kumar A, Brackenbury F et al (2018) British association of dermatologists guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus. Br J Dermatol 178(4):839\u2013853","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2718_CR10","first-page":"e13527","volume":"13","author":"N Singh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Singh N, Mishra N, Ghatage P (2021) Treatment options in vulvar lichen sclerosus: a scoping review. Cureus 13(2):e13527","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"2718_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e238","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2012.00634.x","volume":"19","author":"H Ohshima","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ohshima H, Kinoshita S, Oyobikawa M, Futagawa M, Takiwaki H, Ishiko A et al (2013) Use of Cutometer area parameters in evaluating age-related changes in the skin elasticity of the cheek. Skin Res Technol 19(1):e238\u2013e242","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2718_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12134","volume":"20","author":"MS Woo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Woo MS, Moon KJ, Jung HY, Park SR, Moon TK, Kim NS et al (2014) Comparison of skin elasticity test results from the Ballistometer(\u00ae) and Cutometer(\u00ae). Skin Res Technol 20(4):422\u2013428","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2718_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2342","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2012.02814.x","volume":"9","author":"AR G\u00fcnthert","year":"2012","unstructured":"G\u00fcnthert AR, Duclos K, Jahns BG, Krause E, Amann E, Limacher A et al (2012) Clinical scoring system for vulvar lichen sclerosus. J Sex Med 9(9):2342\u20132350","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2718_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2011.11.003","volume":"30","author":"M-M Chren","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chren M-M (2012) The Skindex instruments to measure the effects of skin disease on quality of life. Dermatol Clin 30(2):231\u2013236","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"2718_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7753(02)72266-5","volume":"118","author":"M Jones-Caballero","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jones-Caballero M, Pe\u00f1as PF, Garc\u00eda-D\u00edez A, Chren MM, Bad\u00eda X (2002) The Spanish version of Skindex-29 an instrument for measuring quality of life in patients with cutaneous diseases. Med Clin (Barc) 118(1):5\u20139","journal-title":"Med Clin (Barc)"},{"key":"2718_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S191200","volume":"12","author":"JM Krapf","year":"2020","unstructured":"Krapf JM, Mitchell L, Holton MA, Goldstein AT (2020) Vulvar lichen sclerosus: current perspectives. Int J Womens Health 12:11\u201320","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"2718_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.6.709","volume":"140","author":"C Renaud-Vilmer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Renaud-Vilmer C, Cavelier-Balloy B, Porcher R, Dubertret L (2004) Vulvar lichen sclerosus: effect of long-term topical application of a potent steroid on the course of the disease. Arch Dermatol 140(6):709\u2013712","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2718_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181b17b8f","volume":"124","author":"A Mojallal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mojallal A, Lequeux C, Shipkov C, Breton P, Foyatier JL, Braye F et al (2009) Improvement of skin quality after fat grafting: clinical observation and an animal study. Plast Reconstr Surg 124(3):765\u2013774","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2718_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000440","volume":"23","author":"P Eshtiaghi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Eshtiaghi P, Sadownik LA (2019) Fact or fiction? adipose-derived stem cells and platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus. J Low Genit Tract Dis 23(1):65\u201370","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2718_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199102000-00001","volume":"87","author":"RA Ersek","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ersek RA (1991) Transplantation of purified autologous fat: a 3-year follow-up is disappointing. Plast Reconstr Surg 87(2):219\u2013227","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2718_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181ea9386","volume":"126","author":"F Casabona","year":"2010","unstructured":"Casabona F, Priano V, Vallerino V, Cogliandro A, Lavagnino G (2010) New surgical approach to lichen sclerosus of the vulva: the role of adipose-derived mesenchymal cells and platelet-rich plasma in tissue regeneration. Plast Reconstr Surg 126(4):210e-e211","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2718_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2561461","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2561461","volume":"2016","author":"M Giuseppina Onesti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Giuseppina Onesti M, Carella S, Ceccarelli S, Marchese C, Scuderi N (2016) The use of human adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of physiological and pathological vulvar dystrophies. Stem Cells Int 2016:2561461","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2718_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2015.10.014","volume":"139","author":"V Boero","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boero V, Brambilla M, Sipio E, Liverani CA, Di Martino M, Agnoli B et al (2015) Vulvar lichen sclerosus: a new regenerative approach through fat grafting. Gynecol Oncol 139(3):471\u2013475","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2718_CR24","first-page":"373","volume":"43","author":"CL La","year":"2017","unstructured":"La CL (2017) Perspectiva del paciente del ensayo cl\u00ednico. Investig Rev Cubana Salud P\u00fablica 43(3):373\u201395","journal-title":"Investig Rev Cubana Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"2718_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjab033","author":"Z Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang Z, Jin S, He Y, Zhang X, Han X, Li F (2021) Comparison of microfat, nanofat, and extracellular matrix\/stromal vascular fraction gel for skin rejuvenation: basic research and clinical applications. Aesthet Surg J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/asj\/sjab033","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2718_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.4161\/21623945.2014.957987","volume":"3","author":"TM Gause 2nd","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gause TM 2nd, Kling RE, Sivak WN, Marra KG, Rubin JP, Kokai LE (2014) Particle size in fat graft retention: a review on the impact of harvesting technique in lipofilling surgical outcomes. Adipocyte 3(4):273\u2013279","journal-title":"Adipocyte"},{"issue":"12","key":"2718_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.141","volume":"9","author":"I Andia","year":"2013","unstructured":"Andia I, Maffulli N (2013) Platelet-rich plasma for managing pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 9(12):721\u2013730","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"2718_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-01975-2","author":"M Ortiz-Virumbrales","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ortiz-Virumbrales M, Menta R, P\u00e9rez LM, Lucchesi O, Manche\u00f1o-Corvo P, Avivar-Valderas \u00c1 et al (2020) Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells modulate myeloid cells toward an anti-inflammatory and reparative phenotype: role of IL-6 and PGE2. Stem Cell Res Ther. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-020-01975-2","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"2718_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00661","volume":"9","author":"MI Guill\u00e9n","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guill\u00e9n MI, Platas J, P\u00e9rez Del Caz MD, Mirabet V, Alcaraz MJ (2018) Paracrine anti-inflammatory effects of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in human monocytes. Front Physiol 9:661","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2718_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00236","author":"S Ceccarelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ceccarelli S, Pontecorvi P, Anastasiadou E, Napoli C, Marchese C (2020) Immunomodulatory effect of adipose-derived stem cells: the cutting edge of clinical application. Front Cell Dev Biol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2020.00236","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2718_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13221-016-0037-3","volume":"8","author":"V Ceserani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ceserani V, Ferri A, Berenzi A, Benetti A, Ciusani E, Pascucci L et al (2016) Angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of micro-fragmented fat tissue and its derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Vasc Cell 8(1):1\u20132","journal-title":"Vasc Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"2718_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4279","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e02-02-0105","volume":"13","author":"PA Zuk","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zuk PA, Zhu M, Ashjian P, De Ugarte DA, Huang JI, Mizuno H et al (2002) Human adipose tissue is a source of multipotent stem cells. Mol Biol Cell 13(12):4279\u20134295","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"issue":"7","key":"2718_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.64","volume":"131","author":"SC Heo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Heo SC, Jeon ES, Lee IH, Kim HS, Kim MB, Kim JH (2011) Tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1-activated human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells accelerate cutaneous wound healing through paracrine mechanisms. J Investig Dermatol 131(7):1559\u20131567","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2718_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22274","volume":"225","author":"P Bendinelli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bendinelli P, Matteucci E, Dogliotti G, Corsi MM, Banfi G, Maroni P et al (2010) Molecular basis of anti-inflammatory action of platelet-rich plasma on human chondrocytes: mechanisms of NF-\u03baB inhibition via HGF. J Cell Physiol 225(3):757\u2013766","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2718_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513507766","volume":"42","author":"EA Sundman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sundman EA, Cole BJ, Karas V, Della Valle C, Tetreault MW, Mohammed HO et al (2014) The anti-inflammatory and matrix restorative mechanisms of platelet-rich plasma in osteoarthritis. Am J Sports Med 42(1):35\u201341","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"19\u201320","key":"2718_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2012.0557","volume":"19","author":"F Descalzi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Descalzi F, Ulivi V, Cancedda R, Piscitelli F, Luongo L, Guida F et al (2013) Platelet-rich plasma exerts antinociceptive activity by a peripheral endocannabinoid-related mechanism. Tissue Eng Part A 19(19\u201320):2120\u20132129","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"issue":"6","key":"2718_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.12.060","volume":"80","author":"AT Goldstein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goldstein AT, Mitchell L, Govind V, Heller D (2019) A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of autologous platelet-rich plasma intradermal injections for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus. J Am Acad Dermatol 80(6):1788\u20131789","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Aesthetic Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00266-021-02718-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00266-021-02718-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00266-021-02718-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T00:55:26Z","timestamp":1700096126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00266-021-02718-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2718"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00266-021-02718-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-216X","1432-5241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-216X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5241","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 October 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 January 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"None of the authors have any commercial interests in the subject of study or sources of any financial or material support to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"L. Vidal is an employee of Fidia Farmaceutica S.L.U. All the authors state that Fidia Farmaceutica S.L.U. did not solicit this research project or any protocols through research investigators or institutes. Fidia Farmaceutica S.L.U. was not responsible for initiating the study and did not participate in the scientific design of the trial, creation of the protocol, study management, data analysis, reporting, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The study protocol and its amendments were approved by the Ethics Committee at the Hospital La Fe research institute, and each patient provided their express written informed consent to participation. The trial was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practices guidelines (trial registration: EudraCT: 2016-003952-63).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}