{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T06:52:36Z","timestamp":1779173556420,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aesth Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-022-03008-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T21:02:37Z","timestamp":1658437357000},"page":"3072-3079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Concentration-Dependent Inhibition of Hypertrophic Scar Formation by Botulinum Toxin Type A in a Rabbit Ear Model"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Zhiguo","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zizheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liuliu","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4394-5886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongsheng","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/irz158","volume":"41","author":"L Nabai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nabai L, Pourghadiri A, Ghahary A (2020) Hypertrophic scarring: current knowledge of predisposing factors, cellular and molecular mechanisms. J Burn Care Res 41(1):48\u201356","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"3008_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2729","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14310","volume":"20","author":"ML Elsaie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Elsaie ML (2021) Update on management of keloid and hypertrophic scars: a systemic review. J Cosmet Dermatol 20(9):2729\u20132738","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030711","volume":"19","author":"HJ Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee HJ, Jang YJ (2018) Recent understandings of biology, prophylaxis and treatment strategies for hypertrophic scars and keloids. Int J Mol Sci 19(3):711","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2018.10.029","volume":"46","author":"FL Yuan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yuan FL et al (2020) Comments on \u201cComparison of efficacy and safety of intralesional triamcinolone and combination of triamcinolone with 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars: randomisedcontrol trial.\u201d Burns 46(2):490\u2013491","journal-title":"Burns"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12020112","volume":"12","author":"M Serrera-Figallo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Serrera-Figallo M et al (2020) Use of botulinum toxin in orofacial clinical practice. Toxins 12(2):112","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"6","key":"3008_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-020-00532-0","volume":"21","author":"TS Alster","year":"2002","unstructured":"Alster TS, Harrison IS (2002) Alternative clinical indications of botulinum toxin. Am J Clin Dermatol 21(6):855\u2013880","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3008_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP273","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjz165","volume":"40","author":"X Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo X et al (2020) Efficacy of botulinum toxin type a in improving scar quality and wound healing: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Aesthet Surg J 40(5):NP273\u2013NP285","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"5","key":"3008_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000081073.94689.DB","volume":"112","author":"HG Gassner","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gassner HG, Sherris DA (2003) Chemoimmobilization: improving predictability in the treatment of facial scars. Plast Reconstr Surg 112(5):1464\u20131466","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-017-1008-7","volume":"42","author":"SH Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee SH, Min HJ, Kim YW, Cheon YW (2018) The efficacy and safety of early postoperative botulinum toxin a injection for facial scars. Aesthetic Plast Surg 42(2):530\u2013537","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005264","volume":"143","author":"TJ Phillips","year":"2019","unstructured":"Phillips TJ et al (2019) The use of botulinum toxin type a in the healing of thyroidectomy wounds: a randomized, prospective, Placebo-controlled study. Plast Reconstr Surg 143(2):375e\u2013381e","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12534","volume":"17","author":"R Hao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hao R et al (2018) Efficacy and possible mechanisms of botulinum toxin type A on hypertrophic scarring. J Cosmet Dermatol 17(3):340\u2013346","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules17022169","volume":"17","author":"Z Xiao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xiao Z, Qu G (2012) Effects of botulinum toxin type a on collagen deposition in hypertrophic scars. Molecules 17(2):2169\u20132177","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"10","key":"3008_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-019-01975-0","volume":"311","author":"GS Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park GS et al (2019) Botulinum toxin type A suppresses pro-fibrotic effects via the JNK signaling pathway in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. Arch Dermatol Res 311(10):807\u2013814","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"3008_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13842","volume":"20","author":"YH Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li YH et al (2021) Botulinum toxin type A attenuates hypertrophic scar formation via the inhibition of TGF-beta1\/Smad and ERK pathways. J Cosmet Dermatol 20(5):1374\u20131380","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199709000-00021","volume":"100","author":"DE Morris","year":"1997","unstructured":"Morris DE et al (1997) Acute and chronic animal models for excessive dermal scarring: quantitative studies. Plast Reconstr Surg 100(3):674\u2013681","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"3008_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.06.176","volume":"108","author":"Y Song","year":"2018","unstructured":"Song Y et al (2018) Usnic acid inhibits hypertrophic scarring in a rabbit ear model by suppressing scar tissue angiogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 108:524\u2013530","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"3008_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2016.05.002","volume":"97","author":"A Stempien-Otero","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stempien-Otero A, Kim DH, Davis J (2016) Molecular networks underlying myofibroblast fate and fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 97:153\u2013161","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"3008_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.603187","volume":"11","author":"ZC Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang ZC et al (2020) The roles of inflammation in keloid and hypertrophic scars. Front Immunol 11:603187","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4804(78)90115-4","volume":"25","author":"RB Donoff","year":"1978","unstructured":"Donoff RB, Burke JF (1978) Abnormality of hypertrophic scar blood vessels. J Surg Res 25(3):251\u2013255","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"3008_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2018.02.010","volume":"146","author":"S Korntner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Korntner S et al (2019) Limiting angiogenesis to modulate scar formation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 146:170\u2013189","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"3008_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2008.36","volume":"88","author":"TA Wilgus","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wilgus TA et al (2008) Regulation of scar formation by vascular endothelial growth factor. Lab Invest 88(6):579\u2013590","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"issue":"10","key":"3008_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164599","volume":"11","author":"EH Dutra","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dutra EH et al (2016) Cellular and matrix response of the mandibular condylar cartilage to botulinum toxin. PLoS ONE 11(10):e0164599","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3008_CR23","first-page":"2170750","volume":"2020","author":"N Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou N et al (2020) Effects of botulinum toxin type a on microvessels in hypertrophic scar models on rabbit ears. Biomed Res Int 2020:2170750","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21020617","volume":"21","author":"D Jiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiang D, Rinkevich Y (2020) Scars or regeneration? - Dermal fibroblasts as drivers of diverse skin wound responses. Int J Mol Sci 21(2):617","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001438","volume":"136","author":"HS Jeong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jeong HS et al (2015) Effect of botulinum toxin type a on differentiation of fibroblasts derived from scar tissue. Plast Reconstr Surg 136(2):171e\u2013178e","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001360","volume":"44","author":"E Austin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Austin E, Koo E, Jagdeo J (2018) The cellular response of keloids and hypertrophic scars to botulinum toxin a: a comprehensive literature review. Dermatol Surg 44(2):149\u2013157","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"3008_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2008.05.003","volume":"61","author":"ZB Xiao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Xiao ZB, Zhang MB (2008) Botulinum toxin type A affects cell cycle distribution of fibroblasts derived from hypertrophic scar. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 61(9):1128\u20131129","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"3008_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110287","volume":"129","author":"T Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang T et al (2020) Current potential therapeutic strategies targeting the TGF-beta\/Smad signaling pathway to attenuate keloid and hypertrophic scar formation. Biomed Pharmacother 129:110287","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR29","first-page":"661","volume":"44","author":"X Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang X et al (2019) Botulinum toxin type A prevents the phenotypic transformation of fibroblasts induced by TGFbeta1 via the PTEN\/PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 44(2):661\u2013671","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"3008_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.03.062","volume":"74","author":"Y Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li Y et al (2021) Botulinum toxin type a intralesional monotherapy for treating human hypertrophic scar in a dose-dependent manner: in an animal model. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 74(11):3186\u20133195","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13673","volume":"19","author":"L Pan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pan L et al (2021) Safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A in preventing and treating scars in animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Wound J 19(4):774\u2013781","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005324","volume":"143","author":"R Ogawa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ogawa R (2019) Discussion: treatment of keloid scars with botulinum toxin type a versus triamcinolone in an athymic nude mouse model. Plast Reconstr Surg 143(3):768\u2013769","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"3008_CR33","first-page":"655","volume":"19","author":"HY Li","year":"1998","unstructured":"Li HY et al (1998) Establishment of experimental animal model for hypertrophic scar. J Fourth Milit Med Univ 19(06):655\u2013657","journal-title":"J Fourth Milit Med Univ"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006064","volume":"144","author":"MK An","year":"2019","unstructured":"An MK et al (2019) Appropriate timing of early postoperative botulinum toxin type a injection for thyroidectomy scar management: a split-scar study. Plast Reconstr Surg 144(4):659e\u2013668e","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Aesthetic Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00266-022-03008-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00266-022-03008-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00266-022-03008-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T14:18:19Z","timestamp":1670422699000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00266-022-03008-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3008"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00266-022-03008-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-216X","1432-5241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-216X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5241","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"For this type of study informed consent is not required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}},{"value":"All applicable institutional and\/or national guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and Animal Rights"}}]}}