{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:17:00Z","timestamp":1792441020717,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664150400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007642","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007642","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aesth Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The tuberous breast is considered a breast deformity characterized by varying degrees of herniation of the parenchyma, widened nipple-areolar complex (NAC), absence of the lower quadrants, and may involve several degrees of hypoplasia and asymmetry causing significant psychosocial distress.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The paper aimed to compare the results obtained in patients suffering tuberous breast treated with fat grafting (FG), with those of patients treated with a mastopexy and silicone implants (M-SI) also analyzing the influence of breast and chest deformities (degrees of hypoplasia and tuberous breast, volume and NAC asymmetry, pectus excavatum, and carinatum) in the reconstructive outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A retrospective, case-control study was conducted. Thirty-five patients affected by tuberous breast with several degrees of hypoplasia and asymmetry were treated with FG, comparing results with those of 30 patients treated with M-SI. Postoperative follow-up took place at 1, 3, 7, 12, 24, 48, weeks, and then annually for 2 years.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p> 77% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200927) of patients treated with two FG procedures showed excellent results after 1 year compared with the patients treated with only one M-SI procedure, who showed the same results in 73% (<jats:italic>n\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u200922) of cases, but the naturalness and the satisfaction degree in the FG group were higher than that in the M-SI group (<jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u2009.0001 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. M-SI group).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients treated with FG showed natural breasts without scars and excellent cosmetic results after two procedures. Patients treated with M-SI showed more evident and lasting results after only one procedure, presenting though scars and less natural results.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Level of Evidence IV<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/00266\">www.springer.com\/00266<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-022-03089-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T15:02:59Z","timestamp":1664204579000},"page":"1683-1694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Tuberous Breast, Deformities, and Asymmetries: A Retrospective Analysis Comparing Fat Grafting Versus Mastopexy and Breast Implants"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3123-3977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro","family":"Gentile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"3089_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199912000-00014","volume":"104","author":"JL Grolleau","year":"1999","unstructured":"Grolleau JL, Lanfrey E, Lavigne B et al (1999) Breast base anomalies: treatment strategy for tuberous breasts, minor deformities, and asymmetry. 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The patients involved in the study compiled and signed a detailed informed consent including all risks, benefits, and alternative procedures, before any treatment. This paper has been the object of a research contract between the author P.G. and the \u201cTor Vergata\u201d University, approved by Rectoral Decree R.D n. #1467\/2017, continued in associate professor contract #13489\/2021.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"All participants provided informed consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}}]}}