{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T15:49:04Z","timestamp":1783784944411,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aesth Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Barraquer Simons Syndrome (BSS) is a subtype of idiopathic acquired lipodystrophy, wherein patients\u2014mostly female\u2014lose subcutaneous fat in the upper half of the body starting in childhood or puberty. A disproportionate fat allocation can be seen in the trochanteric region and thighs.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Along with three cases of lipoatrophy treated at our hospital, we conducted a comprehensive review and presented the treatments in the literature for improving bilateral facial lipodystrophy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Flaps and autologous fat grafting procedures were favored across the literature, and regardless of the intervention of choice, patients reported satisfaction and improved life prospects.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The loss of facial fat is especially afflicting for patients as the bilateral lipoatrophy imparts an aged, cachexic look which negatively affects not only their self-image but their social status as well. Alternatives to approach lipoatrophy vary in their invasiveness, permanency, and feasibility; thus, treatments must be thoroughly tailored to each patient\u2019s needs and expectations.<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>Barraquer Simons Syndrome is a rare subtype of lipodystrophy primarily affecting females, leading to fat loss in mainly the upper body.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>The negative social impact of the syndrome necessitates intervention, and patients receiving appropriate treatment reported improved psychosocial parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>Treatment plans should consider each patient's specific needs and expectations, balancing invasiveness, permanency, and feasibility of the procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n              <\/jats:list>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Level of Evidence IV<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the\u00a0online Instructions to Authors \u00a0<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/00266\" ext-link-type=\"uri\">www.springer.com\/00266<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-025-04794-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T20:22:42Z","timestamp":1743020562000},"page":"4139-4155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Barraquer Simons Syndrome: Case Series and Review of Surgical Treatments for Facial Lipodystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4898-4229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meryem","family":"Hamam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atilla Adnan","family":"Eyuboglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa Tonguc","family":"Isken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"4794_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.05.007","volume":"352","author":"JE Small","year":"2016","unstructured":"Small JE, Jassam YN, Small KM, Chea P, Popov V, Li S, Srinivasan J. Barraquer\u2013Simons syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2016;352:280\u20134.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"4794_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2016.06.012","volume":"45","author":"I Hussain","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hussain I, Garg A. Lipodystrophy syndromes. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2016;45:783\u201397.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"4794_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200101000-00025","volume":"107","author":"AK Greene","year":"2001","unstructured":"Greene AK. Lluis Barraquer-Roviralta (1855\u20131928): Spanish neurologist described progressive lipodystrophy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2001;107:158\u201362.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2021.104073","volume":"50","author":"G Ceccarini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ceccarini G, Magno S, Gilio D, Pelosini C, Santini F. Autoimmunity in lipodystrophy syndromes. Presse Med. 2021;50: 104073.","journal-title":"Presse Med"},{"key":"4794_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-018-0887-z","volume":"42","author":"D Ara\u00fajo-Vilar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ara\u00fajo-Vilar D, Santini F. Diagnosis and treatment of lipodystrophy: a step-by-step approach. J Endocrinol Invest. 2019;42:61\u201373.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"4794_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2018.11.007","volume":"46","author":"KP Schultz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schultz KP, Dong E, Truong TA, Maricevich RS. Parry Romberg syndrome. Clin Plast Surg. 2019;46:231\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(62)90297-0","volume":"104","author":"RC Ower","year":"1962","unstructured":"Ower RC, Duckworth JW. Treatment for facial deformity in lipodystrophia progressiva. Am J Surg. 1962;104:65\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR8","first-page":"14","volume":"6","author":"LN Heidemann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Heidemann LN, Thomsen JB, S\u00f8rensen JA. Barraquer-Simons syndrome: a unique patient\u2019s perspective on diagnosis, disease progression and recontouring treatment. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;6:14.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"4794_CR9","first-page":"617","volume":"51","author":"Z Kurugol","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kurugol Z, Ulger Z, Berk O, Tugral O. Acquired partial lipodystrophy associated with varicella. Turk J Pediatr. 2009;51:617\u201320.","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"4794_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:71.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4794_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00238-008-0294-3","volume":"31","author":"S Schmitz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schmitz S, Weis C, Morley S, Demey A, Dabernig J. Treatment of facial lipodystrophy syndromes. Lipofilling versus free flap surgery. Eur J Plast Surg. 2018;31:305\u201310.","journal-title":"Eur J Plast Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(00)90331-8","volume":"58","author":"A Cortese","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cortese A, Savastano G, Felicetta L. Free fat transplantation for facial tissue augmentation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000;58:164\u201370.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR13","first-page":"91","volume":"27","author":"TT Daurova","year":"1985","unstructured":"Daurova TT, Khitrov FM, Brusova LA, Ostretsova NI, Tebloyev IK. Oligosiloxans in reconstructive surgery of the face. Acta Chir Plast. 1985;27:91\u20137.","journal-title":"Acta Chir Plast"},{"key":"4794_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199302000-00016","volume":"30","author":"JM Serra","year":"1993","unstructured":"Serra JM, Ballesteros A, Mesa F, Baz\u00e1n A, Paloma V, Sanz J. Use of the temporal muscle flap in Barraquer\u2013Simon\u2019s progressive lipodystrophy. Ann Plast Surg. 1993;30:180\u20132.","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198203000-00018","volume":"8","author":"PJ Hurwitz","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hurwitz PJ, Sarel R. Facial reconstruction in partial lipodystrophy. Ann Plast Surg. 1982;8:253\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12847","volume":"18","author":"TP Afra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Afra TP, Vinay K, Razmi TM, Narang T, Dogra S. Hyaluronic acid fillers for correcting midface volume deficit in Barraquer-Simons syndrome. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019;18:1264\u20136.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"4794_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(98)80088-X","volume":"27","author":"KGH Van Der Wal","year":"1998","unstructured":"Van Der Wal KGH, Mulder JW, Wiebe J. Facial contour reconstruction in partial lipodystrophy using two temporalis muscle flaps. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1998;27:14\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199401000-00014","volume":"32","author":"T Endo","year":"1994","unstructured":"Endo T, Nakayama Y, Matsuura E, Natsui H, Soeda S. Facial contour reconstruction in lipodystrophy using a double paddle dermis-fat radial forearm free flap. Ann Plast Surg. 1994;32:93\u20136.","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199504001-00023","volume":"95","author":"BC Coessens","year":"1995","unstructured":"Coessens BC, Van Geertruyden JP. Simultaneous bilateral facial reconstruction of a Barraquer\u2013Simons lipodystrophy with free TRAM flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1995;95:911\u20135.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.22508","volume":"22","author":"S Goossens","year":"2002","unstructured":"Goossens S, Coessens B. Facial contour restoration in Barraquer\u2013Simons syndrome using two free TRAM flaps: presentation of two case reports and long-term follow-up. Microsurgery. 2002;22:211\u20138.","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"4794_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200004050-00019","volume":"105","author":"PJ Guelinckx","year":"2000","unstructured":"Guelinckx PJ, Sinsel NK. Facial contour restoration in Barraquer\u2013Simons syndrome using two free anterolateral thigh flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000;105:1730\u20136.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31824ddf5a","volume":"23","author":"M Okazaki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Okazaki M, Tanaka K, Kodaira S, Homma T, Miyashita H. One-stage transfer of 2 paddles of thoracodorsal artery perforator flap with 1 pair of vascular anastomoses for Barraquer-Simons syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2012;23:883\u20135.","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198812000-00008","volume":"21","author":"C Ketterings","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ketterings C. Lipodystrophy and its treatment. Ann Plast Surg. 1988;21:536\u201343.","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"13","key":"4794_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-232601","volume":"12","author":"FHK Jeon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jeon FHK, Griffin M, Frosdick C, Butler PEM. Lipotransfer provides effective soft tissue replacement for acquired partial lipodystrophy. BMJ Case Rep. 2020;12(13): e232601.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"4794_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01570359","volume":"13","author":"B Davies","year":"1989","unstructured":"Davies B, Guyuron B, Cederna J. Rhytidectomy in patients with facial lipodystrophy: a review of the literature with case presentations. Aesthe Plast Surg. 1989;13:267\u201371.","journal-title":"Aesthe Plast Surg"},{"key":"4794_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2016.52.9.2545017","volume":"52","author":"AI Graul","year":"2016","unstructured":"Graul AI, Stringer M, Sorbera L. Cachexia. Drugs Today (Barc). 2016;52:519\u201329.","journal-title":"Drugs Today (Barc)"},{"key":"4794_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000111061.69212.59","volume":"83","author":"A Misra","year":"2004","unstructured":"Misra A, Peethambaram A, Garg A. Clinical features and metabolic and autoimmune derangements in acquired partial lipodystrophy: report of 35 cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2004;83:18\u201334.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"4794_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2019.10.003","volume":"81","author":"C Sollier","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sollier C, Vatier C, Capel E, Lascols O, Auclair M, Janmaat S, F\u00e8ve B, J\u00e9ru I, Vigouroux C. Lipodystrophic syndromes: from diagnosis to treatment. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2020;81:51\u201360.","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"key":"4794_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199608000-00037","volume":"329","author":"ED Arrington","year":"1996","unstructured":"Arrington ED, Smith WJ, Chambers HG, Bucknell AL, Davino NA. Complications of iliac crest bone graft harvesting. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996;329:300\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-199608000-00037.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4794_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1177\/1943387520910678","volume":"13","author":"SA Issa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Issa SA, Jameel ME. Free dermal fat graft for reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the maxillofacial region. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2020;13:260\u20136.","journal-title":"Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr"}],"container-title":["Aesthetic Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00266-025-04794-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00266-025-04794-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00266-025-04794-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T20:07:06Z","timestamp":1757534826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00266-025-04794-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["4794"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00266-025-04794-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-216X","1432-5241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-216X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5241","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no financial, personal, or professional conflicts of interest that could have influenced the content, outcomes, or interpretations presented in this work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}