{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:41:07Z","timestamp":1791409267775,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aesth Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-025-05192-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T14:16:59Z","timestamp":1757686619000},"page":"6642-6652","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Abdominal Lipedema: Clinical Diagnosis and Management Through a Proposed Diagnostic Algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Agostino","family":"Bruno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1019-4295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Cilluffo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"5192_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X231202769","volume":"29","author":"A Aday","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aday A, Donahue P, Garza M, et al. National survey of patient symptoms and therapies among 707 women with a lipedema phenotype in the United States. Vasc Med. 2024;29:36\u201341.","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"key":"5192_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12949","volume":"15","author":"E Shavit","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shavit E, Wollina U, Alavi A. Lipoedema is not lymphoedema: a review of current literature. Int Wound J. 2018;15:921\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iwj.12949.","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"key":"5192_CR3","first-page":"184","volume":"15","author":"EVN Allen","year":"1940","unstructured":"Allen EVN, Hines EA. Lipedema of the legs: a syndrome characterized by fat legs and orthostatic edema. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin. 1940;15:184\u20137.","journal-title":"Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin"},{"key":"5192_CR4","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"K Herbst","year":"2015","unstructured":"Herbst K, Mirkovskaya L, Bharhagava A, Chava Y, Te C. Lipedema fat and signs and symptoms of illness, increase with advancing stage. Arch Med. 2015;7:1\u20138.","journal-title":"Arch Med"},{"key":"5192_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000363503.92360.91","volume":"23","author":"CE Fife","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fife CE, Maus EA, Carter MJ. Lipedema: a frequently misdiagnosed and misunderstood fatty deposition syndrome. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2010;23:81\u201392.","journal-title":"Adv Skin Wound Care"},{"key":"5192_CR6","volume":"4","author":"DW Buck","year":"2016","unstructured":"Buck DW, Herbst KL. Lipedema: a relatively common disease with extremely common misconceptions. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016;4:e1043.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"5192_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176264","volume":"21","author":"S Michelini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Michelini S, Chiurazzi P, Marino V, et al. Aldo-keto reductase 1C1 (AKR1C1) as the first mutated gene in a family with nonsyndromic primary lipedema. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:6264.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"5192_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.964337","volume":"10","author":"A Mposhi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mposhi A, Cort\u00e9s-Mancera F, Heegsma J, et al. Mitochondrial DNA methylation in metabolic associated fatty liver disease. Front Nutr. 2023;10:964337.","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"5192_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ade7823","volume":"8","author":"S Ladraa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ladraa S, Zerbib L, Bayard C, et al. PIK3CA gain-of-function mutation in adipose tissue induces metabolic reprogramming with Warburg-like effect and severe endocrine disruption. Sci Adv. 2022;8:eade7823.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"5192_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35289","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.26246","volume":"9","author":"SD Villivalam","year":"2018","unstructured":"Villivalam SD, Kim J, Kang S. DNMT3a and TET2 in adi- pocyte insulin sensitivity. Oncotarget. 2018;9:35289\u201390.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"5192_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979504600408","volume":"46","author":"S Bilancini","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bilancini S, Lucchi M, Tucci S, Eleuteri P. Functional lymphatic alterations in patients suffering from lipedema. Angiology. 1995;46:333\u20139.","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"5192_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2011.4145","volume":"16","author":"Z Huang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Huang Z, Rose AH, Hoffmann PR. The role of Selenium in inflammation and immunity: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2012;16:705\u201343.","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"5192_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10123081","volume":"10","author":"A Poojari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Poojari A, Dev K, Rabiee A. Lipedema: insights into morphology, pathophysiology, and challenges. Biomedicines. 2022;10:3081. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines10123081.","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"5192_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0396","volume":"117","author":"P Kruppa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kruppa P, Georgiou I, Biermann N, Prantl L, Klein-Weigel P, Ghods M. Lipedema\u2014pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment options. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2020;117:396\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.2020.0396.","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"5192_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15163654","volume":"15","author":"L Di Renzo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Di Renzo L, Gualtieri P, Zomparelli S, De Santis GL, Seraceno S, Zuena C, et al. Modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diet and carboxytherapy as personalized therapeutic strategies in lipedema: a pilot study. Nutrients. 2023;15:3654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15163654.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"5192_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.23736\/S0392-9590.21.04604-6)","volume":"40","author":"I Forner-Cordero","year":"2021","unstructured":"Forner-Cordero I, Forner-Cordero A, Szolnoky G. Update in the management of lipedema. Int Angiol. 2021;40:345\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S0392-9590.21.04604-6).","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5192_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S56655","volume":"23","author":"U Wollina","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wollina U, Heinig B, Nowak A. Treatment of elderly patients with advanced lipedema: a combination of laser-assisted liposuction, medial thigh lift, and lower partial abdominoplasty. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2014;23(7):35\u201342.","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5192_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1177\/02683555211015887","volume":"36","author":"KL Herbst","year":"2021","unstructured":"Herbst KL, Kahn LA, Iker E, Ehrlich C, Wright T, McHutchison L, et al. Standard of care for lipedema in the United States. Phlebology. 2021;36(10):779\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02683555211015887.","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"5192_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39493.646875.AE","volume":"336","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, et al. GRADE: going from evidence to recommendations. Br Med J. 2008;336:1049\u201351.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"5192_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Agoritsas T, Merglen A, Heen AF, Kristiansen A, Neumann I, Brito JP, Brignardello-Petersen R, Alexander PE, Rind DM, Vandvik PO, Guyatt GH. UpToDate adherence to GRADE criteria for strong recommendations: an analytical survey. BMJ Open. 2017;7(11):e018593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018593.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018593"}],"container-title":["Aesthetic Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00266-025-05192-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00266-025-05192-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00266-025-05192-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T15:04:45Z","timestamp":1766588685000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00266-025-05192-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5192"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00266-025-05192-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-216X","1432-5241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-216X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-5241","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"Each participants have given written informed consent for publication","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}]}}