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However, evidence has been fragmented by indication\/device heterogeneity. We evaluated clinical effectiveness, safety, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of RFMN across dermatological conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Searches of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar (January 2015\u2013July 2025) (PROSPERO registration: CRD420251089393) were conducted, and English-language RCTs, cohort studies, case series, and reports of RFMN across skin indications were included (non-human studies excluded). A modified Critical Appraisal Skills Programme\u00a0(CASP) checklist was used for quality analysis. Findings were narratively synthesized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty-one studies met the criteria (15 RCTs, 19 prospective non-randomized studies, 5 prospective cohorts, 2 case series) spanning diverse geographies and Fitzpatrick skin types. For atrophic acne scars, RFMN consistently reduced scar scores and demonstrated efficacy comparable to fractional lasers. For skin laxity\/photoaging, RFMN improved wrinkle scales, dermal density, and submental volume, (histologically evidenced). Additional benefits were noted for rosacea, melasma, and striae, though effect sizes varied. In primary axillary hyperhidrosis,\n                      <jats:italic>botulinum<\/jats:italic>\n                      toxin A outperformed RFMN for symptom reduction\/comfort. Safety was favorable; erythema, edema, and transient pain predominated; post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation was infrequent and self-limited. PROs indicated high satisfaction and minimal downtime. Reporting of technical parameters, especially temperature, pulse width, and cooling, was inconsistent.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RFMN is safe, well-tolerated, with credible efficacy across multiple indications and skin types, and an attractive recovery profile. Standardized outcomes, longer follow-up periods, and rigorous reporting of device settings are necessary to refine protocols and facilitate head-to-head device comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence III<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/00266\" ext-link-type=\"uri\">www.springer.com\/00266<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-026-05834-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:43:06Z","timestamp":1777387386000},"page":"5282-5317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effectiveness of Radiofrequency Microneedling in the Treatment of Dermatological Conditions: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4911-9726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narendra","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyoung Moon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayaka","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan Yeong","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woffles T. 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Dr. Hyoung Moon Kim and Dr Ayaka Nishikawa are speakers for Jeisys Med Inc. and received honorariums. Dr. Chan Yeong Heo and Dr. Woffles Wu declare no conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study is a review of clinical trials and case series that were ethically compliant and were reviewed by ethical committees. Thus, no separate ethical review was performed.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical Approaval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}