{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T19:30:52Z","timestamp":1793475052362,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012149","name":"Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012149","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000203","name":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000203","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environmental Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-025-02354-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:21:20Z","timestamp":1789575680000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessing Low-Dose Copper Treatment for Dreissenid Mussels: Effects on Nontarget Organisms"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9965-3017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelique D.","family":"Dahlberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0095-9188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew T.","family":"Barbour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3556-0190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James A.","family":"Luoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5282-3779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Todd J.","family":"Severson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0184-6959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy K.","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Meulemans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2415-9273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Hammond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3116-860X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas B. D.","family":"Phelps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6104-810X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diane L.","family":"Waller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2354_CR1","unstructured":"Aryal D (2018) Evaluating the effectiveness of algaecide in a continuous flow through system. Thesis, University of Akron."},{"key":"2354_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barbour MT, Wise JK, Luoma JA (2018) A bioassay assessment of a zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) eradication treatment. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018-1138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3133\/ofr20181138","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr20181138"},{"key":"2354_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barbour MT, Luoma JA, Dahlberg A, Severson TJ, Wise JK, Meulemans MJ, Waller DL (2025) Data and code release: Copper-based control of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) settlement and non-target impacts on Lake Minnetonka: Treatment and post application monitoring (2019-2022). U.S. Geological Survey data release, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5066\/P14JBUQU.","DOI":"10.5066\/P14JBUQU"},{"key":"2354_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","volume":"67","author":"D Bates","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bates D, Maechler M, Bolker B, Walker S (2015) Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. J Stat Softw 67:1\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v067.i01.","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"2354_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-007-9048-7","volume":"54","author":"KM B\u00e9chard","year":"2008","unstructured":"B\u00e9chard KM, Gillis PL, Wood CM (2008) Acute toxicity of waterborne Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn to first-instar Chironomus riparius larvae. Arch Environ Contamination Toxicol 54:454\u2013459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00244-007-9048-7.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contamination Toxicol"},{"key":"2354_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06512","volume":"451","author":"E Beninc\u00e0","year":"2008","unstructured":"Beninc\u00e0 E, Huisman J, Heerkloss R, J\u00f6hnk KD, Branco P, Van Nes EH, Scheffer M, Ellner SP (2008) Chaos in a long-term experiment with a plankton community. Nature 451:822\u2013825. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature06512.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2354_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2007.10.014","volume":"86","author":"SK Bopp","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bopp SK, Abicht HK, Knauer K (2008) Copper-induced oxidative stress in rainbow trout gill cells. Aquat Toxicol 86:197\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aquatox.2007.10.014.","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"2354_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2011.06.004","volume":"154","author":"KV Brix","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brix KV, Esbaugh AJ, Grosell M (2011) The toxicity and physiological effects of copper on the freshwater pulmonate snail, Lymnaea stagnalis. Comp Biochem Physiol - C Toxicol Pharmacol 154:261\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpc.2011.06.004.","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol - C Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2354_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1899\/12-176.1","volume":"32","author":"FA Camacho","year":"2013","unstructured":"Camacho FA, Thacker RW (2013) Predator cues alter habitat use by the amphipod Hyalella azteca (Saussure). Freshw Sci 32:1148\u20131154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1899\/12-176.1.","journal-title":"Freshw Sci"},{"key":"2354_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-018-2427-0","volume":"101","author":"N Carmosini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carmosini N, Gillis R, Ismail A, Sandland GJ (2018) A pilot evaluation of the toxicity of EarthTec\u00ae QZ on invasive (Bithynia tentaculata) and native (Physa gyrina) snail species from the Upper Mississippi River. Bull Environ Contamination Toxicol 101:428\u2013433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00128-018-2427-0.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contamination Toxicol"},{"key":"2354_CR11","unstructured":"Claudi R, Prescott T, Mastisky S, Coffey H (2014) Efficacy of copper based algaecides for control of quagga and zebra mussels. RNY Consulting Report prepared for California Department of Water Resources, Aquatic Nuisance Species Program, Picton, Ontario."},{"key":"2354_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-006-0296-5","volume":"40","author":"NA Connelly","year":"2007","unstructured":"Connelly NA, O\u2019Neill CR, Knuth BA, Brown TL (2007) Economic impacts of zebra mussels on drinking water treatment and electric power generation facilities. Environ Manag 40:105\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00267-006-0296-5.","journal-title":"Environ Manag"},{"key":"2354_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-36522-5","volume":"13","author":"AD Dahlberg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dahlberg AD, Waller DL, Hammond D, Lund K, Phelps NBD (2023) Open water dreissenid mussel control projects: lessons learned from a retrospective analysis. Sci Rep 13:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-36522-5.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2354_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.04.026","volume":"56","author":"EC De Oliveira-Filho","year":"2004","unstructured":"De Oliveira-Filho EC, Matos Lopes R, Roma Paumgartten FJ (2004) Comparative study on the susceptibility of freshwater species to copper-based pesticides. Chemosphere 56:369\u2013374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.04.026.","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2354_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0380-1330(03)70439-0","volume":"29","author":"JM Dettmers","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dettmers JM, Raffenberg MJ, Weis AK (2003) Exploring zooplankton changes in southern Lake Michigan: implications for yellow perch recruitment. J Gt Lakes Res 29:355\u2013364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0380-1330(03)70439-0.","journal-title":"J Gt Lakes Res"},{"key":"2354_CR16","first-page":"130","volume":"1","author":"C Ezeonyejiaku","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ezeonyejiaku C, Obiakor M, Ezenwelu CO (2011) Toxicity of copper sulphate and behavioral locomotor response of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and catfish (Clarias gariepinus) species. Online J Anim Feed Res 1:130\u2013134.","journal-title":"Online J Anim Feed Res"},{"key":"2354_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.151318","volume":"806","author":"JE Fantle-Lepczyk","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fantle-Lepczyk JE, Haubrock PJ, Kramer AM, Cuthbert RN, Turbelin AJ, Crystal-Ornelas R, Diagne C, Courchamp F (2022) Economic costs of biological invasions in the United States. Sci Total Environ 806:151318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.151318.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2354_CR18","unstructured":"Fernald RT, Watson BT (2014) Eradication of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) from Millbrook Quarry, Virginia: Rapid response in the real world, in: Quagga and Zebra Mussels: Biology Impacts and Control. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 195\u2013213."},{"key":"2354_CR19","unstructured":"Galatowitsch ML (2014) Invertebrate life-history trade-offs and dispersal across a pond-permanence gradient. University of Canterbury."},{"key":"2354_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.205.8.1179","volume":"205","author":"M Grosell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Grosell M, Wood CM (2002) Copper uptake by rainbow trout gills. J Exp Biol 205:1179\u20131188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jeb.205.8.1179.","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"2354_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(98)00567-0","volume":"38","author":"C Gundacker","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gundacker C (1999) Tissue-specific heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) deposition in a natural population of the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha pallas. Chemosphere 38:3339\u20133356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0045-6535(98)00567-0.","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2354_CR22","unstructured":"Hammond D, Bland J, Johnson S (2022) Apparent eradication of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) from an entire lake using low doses of acid-stabilized ionic copper. Oral presentation at the International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species, Oostende, Belgium, April 18-22, 2022."},{"key":"2354_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.3391\/mbi.2019.10.3.07","volume":"10","author":"D Hammond","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hammond D, Ferris G (2019) Low doses of EarthTec QZ ionic copper used in effort to eradicate quagga mussels from an entire Pennsylvania lake. Manag Biol Invasions 10:500\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3391\/mbi.2019.10.3.07.","journal-title":"Manag Biol Invasions"},{"key":"2354_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-020-02198-5","volume":"22","author":"GJA Hansen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hansen GJA, Ahrenstorff TD, Bethke BJ, Dumke JD, Hirsch J, Kovalenko KE, LeDuc JF, Maki RP, Rantala HM, Wagner T (2020) Walleye growth declines following zebra mussel and Bythotrephes invasion. Biol Invasions 22:1481\u20131495. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10530-020-02198-5.","journal-title":"Biol Invasions"},{"key":"2354_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-1688.1984.tb04797.x","volume":"20","author":"MJ Hanson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hanson MJ, Stefan HG (1984) Side effects of 58 years of copper sulfate treatment of the Fairmont Lakes, Minnesota. J Am Water Resour Assoc 20:889\u2013900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1752-1688.1984.tb04797.x.","journal-title":"J Am Water Resour Assoc"},{"key":"2354_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/0269-7491(94)90135-X","volume":"84","author":"KE Havens","year":"1994","unstructured":"Havens KE (1994) An experimental comparison of the effects of two chemical stressors on a freshwater zooplankton assemblage. Environ Pollut 84:245\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0269-7491(94)90135-X.","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2354_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1021\/es00082a001","volume":"24","author":"DR Helsel","year":"1990","unstructured":"Helsel DR (1990) Less than obvious - statistical treatment of data below the detection limit. Environ Sci Technol 24:1766\u20131774.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2354_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamrin MA (Ed.) (1997) Pesticide Profiles: Toxicity, Environmental Impact, and Fate. CRC Press LLC.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420049220"},{"key":"2354_CR29","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"CN Kamunde","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kamunde CN, Wood CM (2004) Environmental chemistry, physiological homeostasis, toxicology, and environmental regulation of copper, an essential element in freshwater fish. Australas J Ecotoxicol 10:1\u201320.","journal-title":"Australas J Ecotoxicol"},{"key":"2354_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01054945","volume":"16","author":"P Kosalwat","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kosalwat P, Knight AW (1987) Chronic toxicity of copper to a partial life cycle of the midge, Chironomus decorus. Arch Environ Contamination Toxicol 16:283\u2013290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01054945.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contamination Toxicol"},{"key":"2354_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.129278","volume":"267","author":"TTY Le","year":"2021","unstructured":"Le TTY, Grabner D, Nachev M, Peijnenburg WJGM, Hendriks AJ, Sures B (2021) Modelling copper toxicokinetics in the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, under chronic exposures at various pH and sodium concentrations. Chemosphere 267: 129278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.129278.","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2354_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1080\/10402381.2017.1360417","volume":"34","author":"K Lund","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lund K, Cattoor KB, Fieldseth E, Sweet J, McCartney MA (2018) Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) eradication efforts in Christmas Lake, Minnesota. Lake Reserv Manag 34:7\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10402381.2017.1360417.","journal-title":"Lake Reserv Manag"},{"key":"2354_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.3391\/mbi.2018.9.4.06","volume":"9","author":"J Luoma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luoma J, Severson TJ, Barbour MT, Wise JK (2018) Effects of temperature and exposure duration on four potential rapid-response tools for zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) eradication. Manag Biol Invasions 9:425\u2013438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3391\/mbi.2018.9.4.06.","journal-title":"Manag Biol Invasions"},{"key":"2354_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/36.3.287","volume":"36","author":"H MacIsaac","year":"1996","unstructured":"MacIsaac H (1996) Potential abiotic and biotic impacts of zebra mussels on the inland waters of North America. Am Zool 36:287\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/icb\/36.3.287.","journal-title":"Am Zool"},{"key":"2354_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00024759","volume":"219","author":"GL Mackie","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mackie GL (1991) Biology of the exotic zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, in relation to native bivalves and its potential impact in Lake St. Clair. Hydrobiologia 219:251\u2013268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00024759.","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"2354_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00006625","volume":"85","author":"WP Magdych","year":"1981","unstructured":"Magdych WP (1981) An efficient, inexpensive elutriator design for separating benthos from sediment samples. Hydrobiologia 85:157\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00006625.","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"2354_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10061126","volume":"10","author":"N Malhotra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Malhotra N, Ger T-R, Uapipatanakul B, Huang J-C, Chen KH-C, Hsiao C-D (2020) Review of copper and copper nanoparticle toxicity in fish. Nanomaterials 10:1126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano10061126.","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"2354_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/fwb.13206","volume":"64","author":"MC McEachran","year":"2018","unstructured":"McEachran MC, Trapp RS, Zimmer KD, Herwig BR, Hegedus CE, Herzog CE, Staples DF (2018) Stable isotopes indicate that zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) increase dependence of lake food webs on littoral energy sources. Freshw Biol 64:183\u2013196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/fwb.13206.","journal-title":"Freshw Biol"},{"key":"2354_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McIntosh AW, Kevern NR (1974) Toxicity of copper to zooplankton 3, 166\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2134\/jeq1974.00472425000300020018x","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq1974.00472425000300020018x"},{"key":"2354_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(93)90242-W","volume":"27","author":"J Mersch","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mersch J, Morhain E, Mouvet C (1993) Laboratory accumulation and depuration of copper and cadmium in the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha and the aquatic moss Rhynchostegium riparioides. Chemosphere 27:1475\u20131485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0045-6535(93)90242-W.","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2354_CR41","unstructured":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MN DNR) (2024) Infested Waters List. https:\/\/files.dnr.state.mn.us\/eco\/invasives\/infested-waters.xlsx. Accessed 3 January 2025."},{"key":"2354_CR42","unstructured":"Montgomery DC (2017) Design and Analysis of Experiments, 9th edn. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, NJ"},{"key":"2354_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1080\/02705060.2010.9664407","volume":"25","author":"GR Montz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Montz GR, Hirsch J, Rezanka R, Staples DF (2011) Impacts of copper on a lotic benthic invertebrate community: response and recovery. J Freshw Ecol 25:575\u2013587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02705060.2010.9664407.","journal-title":"J Freshw Ecol"},{"key":"2354_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-002-1135-1","volume":"43","author":"CL Murray-Gulde","year":"2002","unstructured":"Murray-Gulde CL, Heatley JE, Schwartzman AL, Rodgers JH (2002) Algicidal effectiveness of Clearigate, Cutrine-Plus, and copper sulfate and margins of safety associated with their use. Arch Environ Contamination Toxicol 43:19\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00244-002-1135-1.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contamination Toxicol"},{"key":"2354_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620210217","volume":"21","author":"RB Naddy","year":"2002","unstructured":"Naddy RB, Stubblefield WA, May JR, Tucker SA, Hockett JR (2002) The effect of calcium and magnesium ratios on the toxicity of copper to five aquatic species in freshwater. Environ Toxicol Chem 21:347\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/etc.5620210217.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2354_CR46","unstructured":"Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Friendly M, Kindt R, Legendre P, McGlinn D, Minchin P, O\u2019Hara RB, Simpson G, Solymos P, Stevens MHH, Sz\u00f6cs E, Wagner H. (2020). vegan community ecology package version 2.5-7 November 2020."},{"key":"2354_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1532-0456(02)00112-6","volume":"133","author":"PR Paquin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Paquin PR, Gorsuch JW, Apte S, Batley GE, Bowles KC, Campbell PGC, Delos CG, Di Toro DM, Dwyer RL, Galvez F, Gensemer RW, Goss GG, Hogstrand C, Janssen CR, McGeer JC, Naddy RB, Playle RC, Santore RC, Schneider U, Stubblefield WA, Wood CM, Wu KB (2002) The biotic ligand model: A historical overview. Comp Biochem Physiol - C Toxicol Pharmacol 133:3\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1532-0456(02)00112-6.","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol - C Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2354_CR48","unstructured":"R Core Team (2021) R: A language and environment for statistical computing"},{"key":"2354_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620120715","volume":"12","author":"MK Schubauer-Berigan","year":"1993","unstructured":"Schubauer-Berigan MK, Dierkes JR, Monson PD, Ankley GT (1993) pH-Dependent toxicity of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn to Ceriodaphnia dubia, Pimephales promelas, Hyalella azteca and Lumbriculus variegatus. Environ Toxicol Chem 12:1261\u20131266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/etc.5620120715.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2354_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.10.035","volume":"148","author":"V Silva","year":"2018","unstructured":"Silva V, Marques CR, Campos I, Vidal T, Keizer JJ, Gon\u00e7alves F, Abrantes N (2018) Combined effect of copper sulfate and water temperature on key freshwater trophic levels \u2013 Approaching potential climatic change scenarios. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 148:384\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.10.035.","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"2354_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1890\/080020","volume":"7","author":"DL Strayer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Strayer DL (2009) Twenty years of zebra mussels: Lessons from the mollusk that made headlines. Front Ecol Environ 7:135\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1890\/080020.","journal-title":"Front Ecol Environ"},{"key":"2354_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/13921657.1999.10512293","volume":"9","author":"G Svecevi\u010dius","year":"1999","unstructured":"Svecevi\u010dius G (1999) Fish avoidance response to heavy metals and their mixtures. Acta Zoologica Lituanica 9:103\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13921657.1999.10512293.","journal-title":"Acta Zoologica Lituanica"},{"key":"2354_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1127\/archiv-hydrobiol\/152\/2001\/39","volume":"152","author":"K Tolonen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tolonen K, H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen H, Holopainen I, Karjalainen J (2001) Influences of habitat type and environmental variables on littoral macroinvertebrate communities in a large lake system. Fundamental Appl Limnol \/ Arch f\u00fcr Hydrobiologie 152:39\u201367.","journal-title":"Fundamental Appl Limnol \/ Arch f\u00fcr Hydrobiologie"},{"key":"2354_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/23311843.2017.1339386","volume":"3","author":"JL Wagner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wagner JL, Townsend AK, Velzis AE, Paul EA (2017) Temperature and toxicity of the copper herbicide (NautiqueTM) to freshwater fish in field and laboratory trials. Cogent Environ Sci 3:1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23311843.2017.1339386.","journal-title":"Cogent Environ Sci"},{"key":"2354_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1897\/06-523R.1","volume":"26","author":"N Wang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wang N, Ingersoll CG, Hardesty DK, Ivey CD, Kunz JL, May TW, Dwyer FJ, Roberts AD, Augspurger T, Kane CM, Neves RJ, Barnhart MC (2007) Acute toxicity of copper, ammonia, and chlorine to glochidia and juveniles of freshwater mussels (Unionidae). Environ Toxicol Chem 26:2036\u20132047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1897\/06-523R.1.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2354_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1897\/08-655.1","volume":"28","author":"N Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang N, Mebane CA, Kunz JL, Ingersoll CG, May TW, Arnold WR, Santore RC, Augspurger T, Dwyer FJ, Barnhart MC (2009) Evaluation of acute copper toxicity to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, Lampsilis siliquoidea) in natural and reconstituted waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 28:2367\u20132377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1897\/08-655.1.","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2354_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2008.04.003","volume":"148","author":"W-X Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang W-X, Rainbow PS (2008) Comparative approaches to understand metal bioaccumulation in aquatic animals. Comp Biochem Physiol Part C: Toxicol Pharmacol 148:315\u2013323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpc.2008.04.003.","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol Part C: Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2354_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1080\/02772240802166557","volume":"91","author":"E Warrin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Warrin E, Vedamanikam VJ, Shazilli NAM (2009) Toxicity of three forms of copper to the Chironomus tentans in both the aquatic and sediment media. Toxicological Environ Chem 91:297\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02772240802166557.","journal-title":"Toxicological Environ Chem"},{"key":"2354_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.586","volume":"13","author":"J White","year":"2003","unstructured":"White J, Irvine K (2003) The use of littoral mesohabitats and their macroinvertebrate assemblages in the ecological assessment of lakes. Aquat Conserv: Mar Freshw Ecosyst 13:331\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aqc.586.","journal-title":"Aquat Conserv: Mar Freshw Ecosyst"},{"key":"2354_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.18061\/ojs.v115i2.4638","volume":"115","author":"MCW Williams","year":"2015","unstructured":"Williams MCW, Conroy JD, Miner JG, Farver JR (2015) Indirect effects of copper sulfate addition on zooplankton communities in Ohio upground reservoirs. Ohio J Sci 115:24\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18061\/ojs.v115i2.4638.","journal-title":"Ohio J Sci"},{"key":"2354_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2008.01.016","volume":"213","author":"J Zhao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhao J, Ramin M, Cheng V, Arhonditsis GB (2008) Plankton community patterns across a trophic gradient: The role of zooplankton functional groups. Ecol Model 213:417\u2013436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2008.01.016.","journal-title":"Ecol Model"},{"key":"2354_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1007\/s001280000066","volume":"64","author":"MA Zyadah","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zyadah MA, Abdel-Baky TE (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper, zinc, and cadmium in some aquatic organisms. Bull Environ Contamination Toxicol 64:740\u2013747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s001280000066.","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contamination Toxicol"}],"container-title":["Environmental Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00267-025-02354-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00267-025-02354-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00267-025-02354-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T18:30:09Z","timestamp":1793471409000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00267-025-02354-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2354"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00267-025-02354-4","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-6205980\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0364-152X","1432-1009"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-152X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1009","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"David Hammond is employed by Earth Science Laboratories, Inc. the producer of EarthTec QZ used in the study discussed in the paper. David contributed technical assistance and guidance on product use and did not have a role in data collection or analysis. The other authors have nothing to declare.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of Interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The project was completed under permits issued by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (application permit number 2019-0758 and prohibited invasive species permit number 436) and the Hennepin County Sherriff\u2019s Office Water Patrol Unit (temporary structure permit). The use and treatment of test organisms in this study was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at UMESC (Study plan AEH-18-LowCu-01), and hatchery-reared organisms were certified specific pathogen free by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service\u2019s La Crosse Fish Health Center (La Crosse, Wisconsin).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}}],"article-number":"321"}}