{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T16:01:21Z","timestamp":1781452881488,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]],"date-time":"2005-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1126742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]],"date-time":"2005-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1126742400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]],"date-time":"2005-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1126742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ascariasis is a helminthic infection of humans caused by the nematode <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>. Biliary ascariasis is one of the most common and well described entities caused by ascaris. In endemic areas pregnant women are prone to develop biliary ascariasis. Its management poses a great challenge to both the attending surgeon and the endoscopist. Between January 1993 and March 2003, 15 cases of biliary ascariasis were seen in pregnant patients in our institution. Ultrasonography was used as the main investigative tool. Treatment involved management by conservative, endoscopic, and surgical methods, taking due care of both the mother and the fetus. Ten patients (66.6%) were in the third trimester of pregnancy, and 10 (66.6%) patients were in their third pregnancy. Ultrasonography proved to be the best tool for diagnosing and monitoring worms inside the biliary ductal system. Nine (60%) patients responded to the conservative treatment; endoscopic extraction was successful in 4 (66.6%) patients. Surgical treatment was required in 2 (13.3%) patients. One (6.6%) patient had had spontaneous abortion at 12 weeks gestation, and one (6.6%) patient had a premature labor. The remaining patients had normal pregnancies. Management of biliary ascariasis in pregnancy is a challenge for both the attending surgeon and the endoscopist. Safe and effective management requires special attention to the gestational age and accurate recognition of the specific pathology in the patient. The majority of patients respond to conservative treatment, but endoscopic extraction may be needed in nonresponsive cases. Lead shielding of the fetus and limitation of the total fluorscopic exposure during therapeutic endoscopy can minimize the teratogenic risk of ionizing radiation. Failures of endoscopic extraction may lead to surgical intervention, which carries risks of fetal wastage and premature labor. Routine worming of women in the child\u2010bearing years is recommended in endemic areas of ascariasis. Though ascariasis is a problem in developing countries, because of increased travel and population migration, clinicians elsewhere should be aware of the problems associated with ascariasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-005-0015-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]],"date-time":"2005-09-01T11:56:40Z","timestamp":1125575800000},"page":"1294-1298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Management of Biliary Ascariasis in Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Omar Javed","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Sher\u2010i\u2010Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irfan","family":"Robanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Sher\u2010i\u2010Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fayaz","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Sher\u2010i\u2010Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Showkat Ali","family":"Zargar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroentrology Sher\u2010i\u2010Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gul","family":"Javid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroentrology Sher\u2010i\u2010Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"968","article-title":"Endoscopic management of biliary and pancreatic ascariasis in Viet\u2010Nam. Report of a series of 91 cases. Gastroenterol","volume":"26","author":"Hoi MT","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(85)90501-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1963.01310090052010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870200904"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800680709"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01659056"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140\u20106736(90)93037\u2010P"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658\u2010199902000\u201000007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jsre.1994.1112"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90540-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","first-page":"586","article-title":"Sphincter of Oddi manometer in patients with possible sphincter of Oddi dysfunction","volume":"86","author":"Sherman S","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pregnancy and cholelithiasis: pathogenesis and natural course of gallstones diagnosed in early puerperium","volume":"17","author":"Valdevieso V","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198002143020702"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(79)90738-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-196707000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1961.03040430030007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","first-page":"1207","article-title":"The role of the common bile duct in biliary dynamics","volume":"122","author":"Watts JM","year":"1966","journal-title":"Surg\u2010Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(58)90111-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840070520"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000077334"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.139.3.485"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00174333"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(93)70222-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1998.00764.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","first-page":"725","article-title":"Endoscopic removal of Ascaris lumbricoides from the common bile duct","volume":"79","author":"Saul C","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02067009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","first-page":"1235","volume-title":"Harrison\u2019s Principles of Internal Medicine","author":"Weller PF","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","first-page":"1005","article-title":"GI Parasites: how hazardous in pregnancy? Contemp","volume":"61","author":"Lee RV","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_2","first-page":"1263","article-title":"ERCP in pregnancy","volume":"90","author":"Jamidar P","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosoc."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Performance of ERCP for symptomatic choledocholithiasis during pregnancy: Techniques to increase safety and improve patient management","volume":"89","author":"Axelrad AM","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)31633-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002\u20109610(89)90613\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM195101252440402"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(72)80103-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_2","first-page":"374","article-title":"Intestinal obstruction in pregnancy","volume":"43","author":"Beck WW","year":"1974","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."}],"container-title":["World Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-005-0015-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00268-005-0015-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-005-0015-z","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-005-0015-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,24]],"date-time":"2023-12-24T11:52:30Z","timestamp":1703418750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00268-005-0015-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/s00268-005-0015-z"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-005-0015-z","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-2313","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2323","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 September 2005","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}