{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T19:38:44Z","timestamp":1778701124915,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,29]],"date-time":"2006-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1156809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proportion of gastric cancers affecting the upper third of the stomach has been increasing. At our surgical service we perform total and proximal gastrectomy for this condition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the surgical outcome of the two operative procedures and determine an optimal surgical approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from 147 patients who underwent resection for gastric cancer affecting the proximal one\u2010third of the stomach were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were classified into a total gastrectomy (TG) group or a proximal gastrectomy (PG) group, and the clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical results were compared. We analyzed survival rates using Kaplan\u2010Meier methods and made comparisons using a log\u2010rank test across the same stage of the gastric cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 1992 to 2000, a total of 104 total gastrectomies and 43 proximal gastrectomies for gastric cancer affecting the upper one\u2010third of the stomach were performed. Our investigation revealed significantly different clinicopathologic characteristics in Borrmann type, length of the resection margin, degree of lymph node dissection, and lymph node stage. During the procedure, a combined resection of other organs was performed in 30 TG and 27\u00a0PG patients. Postoperative complications developed in 15 TG and 22\u00a0PG patients. The cancer recurrence rate was 4.8% for the TG group and 39.5% for the PG group; it was highest when the length of the proximal resection margin was &lt; 1\u00a0cm. When we compared 5\u2010year survival rates between the two groups, each at the same cancer stage, a significant difference was noted for stage III and IV gastric cancers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Proximal gastrectomy may be performed during the early stage of proximal gastric cancer; but because of the high frequency of complications and cancer recurrence, an additional procedure should be expected afterward. When the cancer stage is advanced, total gastrectomy should be performed with sufficient length of the proximal resection margin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-005-0703-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,6]],"date-time":"2006-09-06T12:36:44Z","timestamp":1157546204000},"page":"1870-1876","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Surgical Outcomes for Gastric Cancer in the Upper Third of the Stomach"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Jong Han","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Korea University College of Medicine 126\u20101, 5\u2010ga, Anam\u2010dong 136\u2010705 Sung buk\u2010gu Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Soo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Korea University College of Medicine 126\u20101, 5\u2010ga, Anam\u2010dong 136\u2010705 Sung buk\u2010gu Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Korea University College of Medicine 126\u20101, 5\u2010ga, Anam\u2010dong 136\u2010705 Sung buk\u2010gu Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoon Jung","family":"Boo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Korea University College of Medicine 126\u20101, 5\u2010ga, Anam\u2010dong 136\u2010705 Sung buk\u2010gu Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung Joo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Korea University College of Medicine 126\u20101, 5\u2010ga, Anam\u2010dong 136\u2010705 Sung buk\u2010gu Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Jae","family":"Mok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Korea University College of Medicine 126\u20101, 5\u2010ga, Anam\u2010dong 136\u2010705 Sung buk\u2010gu Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chong Suk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Korea University College of Medicine 126\u20101, 5\u2010ga, Anam\u2010dong 136\u2010705 Sung buk\u2010gu Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(98)70248-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1990.314"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"223","article-title":"Clinicopathologic characteristics of and prognosis for proximal gastric carcinoma","volume":"59","author":"Ryu KW","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Korean Surg Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"302","article-title":"Total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma","volume":"52","author":"Isguder AS","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002\u20109610(99)80166\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"603","article-title":"Adenocarcinoma of the proximal stomach and cardia: problems of surgical strategy and technics","volume":"36","author":"Forni E","year":"1984","journal-title":"Chir Ital"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"143","article-title":"Adenocarcinoma of the cardia: surgical strategies compared","volume":"89","author":"Solerio D","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tumori"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"23","article-title":"Evaluation of surgical traumaticity of standard and extended surgical procedures in cancer of a proximal part of the stomach","volume":"3","author":"Aitaliev MS","year":"2005","journal-title":"Khirurgiia (Mosk)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2004.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s101200300009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268\u2010002\u20106369\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10434\u2010000\u20100520\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2002.121891"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/ASO.2004.03.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"603","article-title":"Indication of splenectomy for gastric carcinoma involving the proximal part of the stomach","volume":"48","author":"Sakaguchi T","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","first-page":"491","article-title":"Proximal gastrectomy reconstructed by interposition of a jejunal pouch","volume":"159","author":"Kameyama J","year":"1993","journal-title":"Surgical technique. 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