{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:29:20Z","timestamp":1791311360589,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,16]],"date-time":"2005-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1118880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and intermittent vascular control (IVC) have been shown to reduce the number of ischemia\/reperfusion injuries during liver resections with the Pringle maneuver. Our study aimed to compare the beneficial effect of these two modalities in relation to the duration of normothermic liver ischemia. A group of 24\u00a0Landrace pigs with a mean body weight of 25 to 30\u00a0kg were subjected to extended liver resection of more than 65%. Although, 12 animals underwent IPC (10\u00a0minutes of ischemia and 10\u00a0minutes of reperfusion), and subsequently the Pringle maneuver was applied for 90\u00a0minutes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 6) or 120\u00a0minutes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 6). Another 12 animals underwent liver resection by IVC (20\u00a0minutes of ischemia alternated with 5\u00a0minutes of reperfusion) for 60\u00a0minutes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 6) or 120\u00a0minutes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 6) of inflow vascular control. At 90\u00a0minutes of liver ischemia, the IPC group demonstrated lower levels of asportate aminotransferase (AST) (173 \u00b1 53 vs. 265 \u00b1 106 IU; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =0.089) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (2.60 \u00b1 1.03 vs. 5.33 \u00b1 2.25 \u03bcmol\/L; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =0.022) and higher liver tissue cAMP (200 \u00b1 42 vs. 146 \u00b1 40 pmol\/g wet wt, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.04) compared to the IVC group. However, no pathologic differences were observed between the two groups. By contrast, at 120\u00a0minutes of liver ischemia, IVC proved to be more beneficial, reflected by lower levels of AST (448 \u00b1 135 vs. 857 \u00b1 268 IU; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.006) and MDA (8.33 \u00b1 1.75 vs. 12.7 \u00b1 4.31 \u03bcmol\/L; (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.045), a higher cAMP level (127 \u00b1 10 vs. 97 \u00b1 31 pmol\/g wet wt <jats:italic>p =<\/jats:italic> 0.045), and eventually less cellular necrosis (necrosis score 1.66 \u00b1 0.51 vs. 2.85 \u00b1 1.16; <jats:italic>p =<\/jats:italic> 0.04) compared to the IPC group. It appears that IPC should be employed when liver ischemia is anticipated to last less than 90\u00a0minutes, followed by IVC when the liver ischemia is expected to last 120\u00a0minutes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-005-7591-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,10]],"date-time":"2005-06-10T19:33:03Z","timestamp":1118431983000},"page":"930-934","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Ischemic Preconditioning versus Intermittent Vascular Inflow Control during Major Liver Resection in Pigs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Vassilios","family":"Smyrniotis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Areteion Hospital Athens University 76 Vas. Sofias Ave. 115 28 Athens Greece"},{"name":"Vassilios Smyrniotis 22 Hanioti Street 154 52 Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Kostopanagiotou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology School of Medicine, Areteion Hospital Athens University 76 Vas. Sofias Ave. 115 28 Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kassiani","family":"Theodoraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology School of Medicine, Areteion Hospital Athens University 76 Vas. Sofias Ave. 115 28 Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charalampos","family":"Farantos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Areteion Hospital Athens University 76 Vas. 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