{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T05:16:37Z","timestamp":1789881397840,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]],"date-time":"2006-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1164931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Today, the posterior retroperitoneoscopic technique has become a standard procedure in adrenal surgery. The procedure allows direct access to the adrenal glands, but it seems to be difficult because of the uncommon anatomic view. This study compares the learning period of the new procedure of \u201cposterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy\u201d in the primary invention phase and the secondary introductory phase in a different hospital 10 years later.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analysis included 100 posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomies (PRA) and involved 50 procedures in each center. Group A consisted of 44 patients (14\u00a0males, 30 females; age: 48.7 \u00b1 14.5 years) undergoing surgery between 07\/1994 and 8\/1996 (24 right, 26 left; 8 Cushing adenomas, 14 Conn adenomas, 11\u00a0pheochromocytomas, 7\u00a0nonfunctioning adrenocortical adenomas, 10 ACTH\u2010dependent adrenal hyperplasias). Group B consisted of 50 patients (12\u00a0males, 38 females; mean age 59.3 \u00b1 10.7 years) operated between 01\/2004 and 01\/2006 (28 right, 22 left tumors; 5 Cushing adenomas, 12 Conn adenomas, 4\u00a0pheochromocytomas, 29\u00a0nonfunctioning adrenocortical adenomas). All PRAs were performed with the patient in the prone position with 3\u20134 trocars placed caudally in the region of the 11th and 12th ribs. In group A, the surgical team developed the technique of PRA themselves. Before their first PRA, the surgical team of group B was introduced to the technique by the group A surgeons and afterwards were supervised continuously.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No serious intraoperative or postoperative complication occurred in either group. Group A experienced 7 conversions to open surgery, whereas group B had one conversion and one early reoperation due to bleeding (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03; \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2010test). The mean operative time was 117 \u00b1 41\u00a0minutes versus 83 \u00b1 35\u00a0minutes (group A and B respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test). Estimated blood loss was similar in the two groups (47.2 \u00b1 46.2\u00a0ml versus 54 \u00b1 16.3\u00a0ml, group A versus B, respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.36; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study demonstrates the feasibility, safety, and reproducibility of the new surgical method of PRA both when it is employed in the early phase of invention, as well as when performed by surgeon\u2010learners. After comprehensive training, the operative time and conversion rate are dramatically reduced, allowing for a short learning period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-006-0083-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,18]],"date-time":"2006-12-18T12:36:47Z","timestamp":1166445407000},"page":"65-71","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Posterior Retroperitoneoscopic Adrenalectomy: A Comparison between the Initial Experience in the Invention Phase and Introductory Phase of the New Surgical Technique"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Marcin","family":"Barczy\u0144ski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine Surgery, 3rd Chair of General Surgery Jagiellonian University College of Medicine 37 Pr\u0105dnicka Street 31202 Krak\u00f3w PL Poland"},{"name":"23\/60 Mogilska Street 31\u2010542 Krak\u00f3w Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksander","family":"Konturek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine Surgery, 3rd Chair of General Surgery Jagiellonian University College of Medicine 37 Pr\u0105dnicka Street 31202 Krak\u00f3w PL Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Go\u0142kowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Jagiellonian University College of Medicine 17 Kopernika Street 31501 Krak\u00f3w PL Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanis\u0142aw","family":"Cicho\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine Surgery, 3rd Chair of General Surgery Jagiellonian University College of Medicine 37 Pr\u0105dnicka Street 31202 Krak\u00f3w PL Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bohdan","family":"Huszno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Jagiellonian University College of Medicine 17 Kopernika Street 31501 Krak\u00f3w PL Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Peitgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Surgery and Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery Kliniken Essen\u2010Mitte, Henricistrasse 92 D\u201045146 Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin K.","family":"Walz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Surgery and Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery Kliniken Essen\u2010Mitte, Henricistrasse 92 D\u201045146 Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10926420152761941"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004640090043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.139.11.1243"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004649900907"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5980\/jpnjurol1989.83.1130"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199210013271417"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"1120","article-title":"Early experience with laparoscopic approach for adrenalectomy","volume":"114","author":"Gagner M","year":"1993","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00316627"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002680010222"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464\u2010001\u20109178\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1994.tb02227.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"53","article-title":"Die dorsale retroperitoneoscopische Adrenalektomie\u07ddeine neue operative Methode","volume":"120","author":"Walz MK","year":"1995","journal-title":"Zentralbl Chir"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900117"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090\u20104295(97)00119\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65959-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2004.18.661"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000165336.44836.2d"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900553"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ejso.2002.1382"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268\u2010001\u20100023\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268\u2010004\u20107667\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002\u20109610(82)90010\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1995.01430050039006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4964"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000165654.34635.ad"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464\u2010003\u20108830\u20105"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-006-0083-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00268-006-0083-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-006-0083-8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,24]],"date-time":"2023-12-24T11:10:46Z","timestamp":1703416246000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00268-006-0083-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/s00268-006-0083-8"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-006-0083-8","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-2313","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2323","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}}}