{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T15:38:15Z","timestamp":1791041895553,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgery as definitive treatment of pediatric Graves\u2019 disease is recommended for children and adolescents experiencing adverse effects of thionamides or disease relapse after at least 2 years of medical treatment. In addition, it is indicated in patients with a large goiter or with suspicious nodules. Total or near\u2010total thyroidectomy should be performed, since subtotal thyroidectomy is associated with a high risk of relapse in this group. Patients should be referred to surgeons experienced in thyroid surgery because studies show that children and adolescents have a higher complication rate than adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective matched case\u2013control study. To analyze postoperative morbidity of children and adolescents (mean age = 15 \u00b1 3 years) with Graves\u2019 disease who underwent total thyroidectomy between 2000 and 2010\u00a0in our department, a statistically identical group of adults (mean age = 46 \u00b1 3) who also underwent total thyroidectomy for Graves\u2019 disease was matched as a control. End points were surgical complications like postoperative bleeding, transient and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, and transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no significant difference in the mean operation time (137 \u00b1 33\u00a0min), the rate of intraoperative parathyroid gland autotransplantation (9.5%), postoperative bleeding (4.8%), transient and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (4.8 and 0%), and transient and permanent hypocalcemia (28.6 and 0%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Total thyroidectomy in children and adolescents with Graves\u2019 disease performed in a department that specializes in endocrine surgery is a safe procedure with no higher complication rates than total thyroidectomy in adults with Graves\u2019 disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-011-1238-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,30]],"date-time":"2011-08-30T18:53:10Z","timestamp":1314730390000},"page":"2428-2431","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The Surgical Treatment of Graves\u2019 Disease in Children and Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Chiapponi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Campus Innenstadt Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010University (LMU) Nussbaumstr. 20 80539 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Stocker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Campus Innenstadt Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010University (LMU) Nussbaumstr. 20 80539 Munich 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