{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T17:20:10Z","timestamp":1792948810948,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,7]],"date-time":"2012-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this article was to trace the historical origin of the inserted cannula during tracheotomy. Tracheotomy is mentioned in most ancient medical texts, but the origin of cannula insertion into the windpipe is unclear. We reviewed the incunabula and Renaissance texts reporting the utilization of surgical cannulas and tracheotomy. The incunabula disclosed extended use of surgical cannulas during the middle ages and Renaissance. Although tracheotomy was advocated in acutely suffocating patients for a disease of the throat termed <jats:italic>squinantia<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>angina<\/jats:italic>, the first report of the procedure was found only at the end of the middle ages and a second during the middle Renaissance. The introduction of cannula use in tracheotomy was supported by a semantic misinterpretation by Antonio Musa Brasavola. The historical origin for tracheotomy in the middle ages and Renaissance is conflicting. Antonio Brasavola wrongly interpreted Avicenna\u2019s oral cannula introduced into the windpipe for angina. This misinterpretation allowed Giulio Casserio to draw the first curved cannula introduced for used during tracheotomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-012-1435-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,6]],"date-time":"2012-02-06T19:44:14Z","timestamp":1328557454000},"page":"928-934","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Origin of the Cannula for Tracheotomy During the Middle Ages and Renaissance"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Missori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Neurosurgery University of Rome \u201cSapienza\u201d 155 Viale del Policlinico 00161 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacoma M.","family":"Brunetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Neurosurgery University of Rome \u201cSapienza\u201d 155 Viale del Policlinico 00161 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Domenicucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Neurosurgery University of Rome \u201cSapienza\u201d 155 Viale del Policlinico 00161 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000173910.99371.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"305","volume-title":"Nicolao (ed) De Medicina","author":"Celsus AC"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","unstructured":"VulpesB(1847)Memoria II contenente la interpetrazione dell\u2019 uso di un forcipe con le estremit\u00e0 delle branche a semi\u2010cucchiai dentellati: la illustrazione di due cannelli de\u2019 quali servivansi gli antichi per cavar l\u2019acqua dall\u2019 addomine. 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