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The first goal of this study was to determine the accuracy of axillary lymph node status in relation to the presence of metastases as revealed by histopathological examination. The second goal was to compare the tumor size as assessed by physical examination, with the size obtained by histopathological examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was based on a consecutive series of 2,537 patients diagnosed with breast cancer in Malm\u00f6, Sweden, between 1987 and 2002. These patients had available information in the South Swedish Breast Cancer Group registry, corresponding to 97 %. The axillary lymph nodes status was compared with the results of the histopathological examination for the presence of metastases. Tumor size by physical examination was compared with the tumor size after histopathological examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 674 women with axillary lymph nodes metastases according to histological examination; only 206 of these cases had palpable lymph nodes at clinical examination. The sensitivity was 30 % and the specificity 93 %. There were 812 tumors measured to be larger than 20\u00a0mm according to histopathological examination, but only 665 of these tumors were considered larger than 20\u00a0mm by clinical examination. This corresponded to a sensitivity of 81 % and a specificity of 80 %.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conclude that the possibility of axillary metastases estimated by clinical examination is subjected to a large proportion of false\u2010positive and false\u2010negative results. Similarly, tumor size estimated by clinical examination is subject to under\u2010 and overestimation in comparison to histopathological examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-012-1788-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,13]],"date-time":"2012-09-13T19:27:41Z","timestamp":1347564461000},"page":"67-71","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Clinical Assessment of Axillary Lymph Nodes and Tumor Size in Breast Cancer Compared with Histopathological Examination: A Population\u2010Based Analysis of 2,537 Women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Shabaz","family":"Majid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Malmo Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Tengrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Malmo Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Manjer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Malmo Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/145749690509400105"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2004.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097\u20100142(19991015)86:8<1511::AID\u2010CNCR18>3.0.CO;2\u2010D"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097\u20100142(19970515)79:10<1918::AID\u2010CNCR12>3.0.CO;2\u2010Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20102000\u201010053"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2006.09.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1075\u2010122X.2006.00241.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0b013e31817fbe5e"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0720\u2010048X(03)00081\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","first-page":"44","article-title":"Assessment of breast cancer size: a comparison of methods","volume":"18","author":"Pain JA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549\u2010005\u20106653\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","unstructured":"SSBCG. 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