{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T05:51:24Z","timestamp":1772603484242,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,29]],"date-time":"2013-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gunshot wounds to the face (GSWF) may produce life\u2010threatening injuries. Our objective is to describe outcomes of and factors related to interventions for urgent airway control (UAC) and urgent bleeding control (UBC) as well as to analyze complications associated with GSWF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective study of 155 GSWF patients who were admitted to two Level 1 academic trauma centers over an 11\u2010year period. Demographic details, injuries sustained, interventions performed, and timing of the interventions were recorded. Morbidity and mortality data were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 115 (74 %) patients suffered isolated GSWF, and none died. Of the 90 (58 %) patients requiring UAC, only three had a cricothyroidotomy. Of the 41 (26 %) patients requiring UBC, only four had angiographic embolization. Intraoral involvement and extrafacial injuries were associated with both UAC and UBC. Overall, 75 patients (48 %) required operations on the bones, eyes, or both. Complications developed in 14 and were treated successfully.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>UAC and UBC are required frequently after GSWF and are associated with intraoral involvement and injuries beyond the face. Simple methods, such as orotracheal intubation and packing, are typically sufficient for successful management. About half of the patients need further surgery, with infrequent morbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-013-2139-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,28]],"date-time":"2013-06-28T18:21:52Z","timestamp":1372443712000},"page":"2348-2352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Gunshot Wounds to the Face: Emergency Interventions and Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"George","family":"Orthopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head &amp; Neck Surgery Boston University Medical Center 820 Harisson Avenue, FGH 4 02118 Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonios","family":"Sideris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Trauma, Emergency Surgery and Surgical Critical Care Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elpida","family":"Velmahos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Trauma, Emergency Surgery and Surgical Critical Care Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Troulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Surveillance for fatal and nonfatal firearm\u2010related injuries","volume":"50","author":"Gotsch KE","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20102005\u2010922859"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373\u2010199807000\u201000007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/joms.2001.20989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000313489906500818"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"132","article-title":"Gunshot injuries to the face: analysis of 165 cases and reevaluation of the primary treatment","volume":"43","author":"Siberchicot F","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Chir Plast Esthet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974\u20102700.82208"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100029\u20101202595"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268\u2010007\u20109220\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e31824eefc8"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-013-2139-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00268-013-2139-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-013-2139-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T23:23:32Z","timestamp":1704929012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00268-013-2139-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,29]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/s00268-013-2139-x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-013-2139-x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-2313","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2323","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,29]]}}}