{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:51:52Z","timestamp":1773276712497,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417478400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>An increasing body of evidence is being published about single\u2010incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC), but there are no well\u2010powered trials with an adequate evaluation of post\u2010operative pain. This randomized trial compares SILC against four\u2010port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with post\u2010operative pain as the primary endpoint.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hundred patients were randomized to either SILC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 50) or LC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 50). Exclusion criteria were (1) Acute cholecystitis; (2) ASA 3 or above; (3) Bleeding disorders; and (4) Previous open upper abdominal surgery. Patients and post\u2010operative assessors were blinded to the procedure performed. The site and severity of pain were compared at 4 h, 24 h, 14\u00a0days and 6\u00a0months post\u2010procedure using the visual analog scale; non\u2010inferiority was assumed when the lower boundary of the 95 % confidence interval of the difference was above \u22121 and superiority when <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study arms were demographically similar. At 24 h post\u2010procedure, SILC was associated with less pain at extra\u2010umbilical sites (rest: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.004; movement: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.008). Pain data were inconclusive at 24 h at the umbilical site on movement; SILC was otherwise non\u2010inferior for pain at all other points. Operating duration was longer in SILC (79.46 vs 58.88\u00a0min, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.003). 8 % of patients in each arm suffered complications (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 1.000). Re\u2010intervention rates, analgesic use, return to function, and patient satisfaction did not differ significantly.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>SILC has improved short\u2010term pain outcomes compared to LC and is not inferior in both short\u2010term and long\u2010term pain outcomes. The operating time is longer, but remains feasible in routine surgical practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-014-2903-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T17:03:32Z","timestamp":1417539812000},"page":"897-904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Post\u2010operative Pain in Single\u2010Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Stephen Kin Yong","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery National University Health System 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8 119228 Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi 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