{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T13:27:12Z","timestamp":1788269232807,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444694400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long\u2010term voice function after robotic thyroidectomy in comparison with conventional transcervical thyroidectomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively evaluated the voice functions of 54 patients with thyroid nodules who underwent robotic thyroidectomy by a gasless unilateral axillary or axillo\u2010breast approach and of 70 patients who underwent conventional thyroidectomy. Subjective voice symptom score (VSS) was evaluated in questionnaires before thyroidectomy and then at 3, 6, 12, and 24\u00a0months after surgery. Objective acoustic parameters analyzed during the same period included fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, noise\u2010to\u2010harmonic ratio, highest frequency, frequency and intensity range, and maximal phonation time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At 3\u00a0months after surgery, VSS was better in the robotic group than in the conventional group. At 2 years after surgery, VSS had recovered to the pre\u2010operative level in the robotic group, whereas it remained significantly worse at 2 years in the conventional group. The phonatory frequency range and highest frequency were significantly wider and higher, respectively, in the robotic group than the conventional group at 6, 12, and 24\u00a0months post\u2010operatively. Within the robotic group, the frequency range and highest frequency recovered to pre\u2010operative levels by 6\u00a0months, whereas in the conventional group they remained below the pre\u2010operative levels at 2 years post\u2010operatively. There were no differences in other acoustic parameters between the two groups of patients at any period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Up to 2 years post\u2010operatively, robotic thyroidectomy has advantages in terms of recovery of voice symptoms and acoustic parameters over conventional thyroidectomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-015-3264-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T23:15:40Z","timestamp":1444778140000},"page":"110-116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Long\u2010Term Voice Outcomes After Robotic Thyroidectomy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Chang Myeon","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine Hanyang University 222 Wangsimni\u2010ro, Seongdong\u2010gu 133\u2010792 Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo Ram","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine Hanyang University 222 Wangsimni\u2010ro, Seongdong\u2010gu 133\u2010792 Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Bae","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine Hanyang University 222 Wangsimni\u2010ro, Seongdong\u2010gu 133\u2010792 Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eui Suk","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine Hanyang University 222 Wangsimni\u2010ro, Seongdong\u2010gu 133\u2010792 Seoul 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