{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T12:44:30Z","timestamp":1788525870439,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,3]],"date-time":"2016-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,3]],"date-time":"2016-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478131200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2015R1A2A2A04007141 to Hwang S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015R1A2A2A04007141 to Hwang S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Simultaneous double primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) (dpHCC\u2010ICC) is very rare. This study investigated the clinicopathological features and post\u2010resection prognosis of dpHCC\u2010ICC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 10 patients with dpHCC\u2010ICC through an institutional database search. Three control groups with HCC, ICC and combined HCC\u2010cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC\u2010CC) were selected (each <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 120) using propensity score matching.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of dpHCC\u2010ICC was 0.23%. The mean age was 57.4 \u00b1 11.7 years, and 8 were male. Hepatitis B virus infection was associated with 8 patients. All dpHCC\u2010ICC were diagnosed incidentally from surgical specimens. Only two patients demonstrated simultaneous elevation of alpha\u2010fetoprotein\/des\u2010\u03b3\u2010carboxy prothrombin and carbohydrate antigen 19\u20109. All patients underwent macroscopic curative resection. The HCC component was classified as stage I in 7 and stage II in 3, and ICC component was classified as stage I in 5, stage II in 2 and stage IV in 3. Tumor recurrence and patient survival rates were 30.0 and 90.0% at 1 year and 52.0 and 77.1% at 3 years, respectively. Tumor recurrence rates were not different between the dpHCC\u2010ICC and the three control groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.505). The overall and post\u2010recurrence patient survival rates were similar between the dpHCC\u2010ICC and cHCC\u2010CC groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &gt; 0.2); however, these were inferior to those in the HCC group but comparable with those in the ICC group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The post\u2010resection prognosis of dpHCC\u2010ICC was more dependent on the tumor stage of the ICC component than that of the HCC component. Therefore, they can be clinically regarded as ICC with concurrent HCC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-016-3787-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,3]],"date-time":"2016-11-03T17:57:41Z","timestamp":1478195861000},"page":"825-834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Clinicopathological Features and Post\u2010resection Prognosis of Double Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Dong\u2010Hwan","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine 88 Olympic\u2010ro 43\u2010gil, Songpa\u2010gu 138\u2010736 Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Asan Medical 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