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Our objective was to compare short versus long courses of antibiotics with the hypothesis that patients with persistent signs of systemic inflammation 72 h following PC would receive prolonged antibiotic therapy and that antibiotic duration would not affect outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 81 patients who underwent PC for acute cholecystitis at two hospitals during a 41\u2010month period ending November 2014. Patients who received short (\u22647\u00a0day) courses of post\u2010procedural antibiotics were compared to patients who received long (&gt;7\u00a0day) courses. Treatment response to PC was evaluated by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria. Logistic and linear regressions were used to evaluate associations between antibiotic duration and outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients who received short (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 30) and long courses (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 51) of antibiotics had similar age, comorbidities, severity of cholecystitis, pre\u2010procedural vital signs, treatment response, and culture results. There were no differences in recurrent cholecystitis (13 vs. 12%), requirement for open\/converted to open cholecystectomy (23 vs. 22%), or 1\u2010year mortality (20 vs. 18%). On logistic and linear regressions, antibiotic duration as a continuous variable was not predictive of any salient outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients who received short and long courses of post\u2010PC antibiotics had similar baseline characteristics and outcomes. Antibiotic duration did not predict recurrent cholecystitis, interval open cholecystectomy, or mortality. These findings suggest that antibiotics may be safely discontinued within one week of uncomplicated PC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-016-3861-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,3]],"date-time":"2017-01-03T19:02:29Z","timestamp":1483470149000},"page":"1239-1245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Antibiotics May be Safely Discontinued Within One Week of Percutaneous Cholecystostomy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Tyler J.","family":"Loftus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Florida 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100108 32610 Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott C.","family":"Brakenridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Florida 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100108 32610 Gainesville FL USA"},{"name":"University of Florida Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille G.","family":"Dessaigne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Florida 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100108 32610 Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"George A.","family":"Sarosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Florida 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100108 32610 Gainesville FL USA"},{"name":"Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Zingarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Florida 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100108 32610 Gainesville FL USA"},{"name":"Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick A.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Florida 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100108 32610 Gainesville FL USA"},{"name":"University of Florida Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janeen R.","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Florida 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100108 32610 Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chasen A.","family":"Croft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Florida 1600 SW Archer Road, PO Box 100108 32610 Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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