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Albeit the disease is labelled as idiopathic, it is thought that pathologic reflux, often silent, plays a role in its pathogenesis through a process of microaspiration of gastric contents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to review the available evidence linking reflux to IPF, and to study the effect of medical and surgical therapy on the natural history of this disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medical therapy with acid\u2010reducing medications controls the production of acid and has some benefit. However, reflux and aspiraion of weakly acidic or alkaline gastric contents can still occur. Better results have been reported after laparoscopic anti\u2010reflux surgery, as this form of therapy re\u2010establishes the competence of the lower esophageal sphincter, therefore stopping any type of reflux.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A phase II NIH study in currently in progress in the USA to determine the role of antireflux surgery in patients with GERD and IPF. The hope is that this simple operations might alter the natural history of IPF, avoiding progression and the need for lung transplantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-017-3956-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T16:49:10Z","timestamp":1488559750000},"page":"1691-1697","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Gastroesophageal Reflux and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Marco E.","family":"Allaix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences University of Torino Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Rebecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences University of Torino Turin 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