{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:51:07Z","timestamp":1782953467432,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]],"date-time":"2018-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]],"date-time":"2018-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516233600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007268","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007268","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Though road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major cause of mortality in East Africa, few countries have emergency medical services. The aim was to create a sustainable and efficient prehospital lay first responder program, creating a system with lay first responders spread through the 53\u00a0motorcycle taxi stages of Iganga Municipality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and fifty\u2010four motorcycle taxi riders were taught a first aid curriculum in partnership with a local Red Cross first aid trainer and provided with a first aid kit following WHO guidelines for basic first aid. Pre\u2010 and post\u2010survey tests measured first aid knowledge improvement over the course. Post\u2010implementation incident report forms were collected from lay first responders after each patient encounter over 6\u00a0months. Follow\u2010up interviews were conducted with 110 of 154 trainees, 9\u00a0months post\u2010training.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Improvement was measured across all five major first aid categories: bleeding control (56.9 vs. 79.7%), scene management (37.6 vs. 59.5%), airway and breathing (43.4 vs. 51.6%), recovery position (13.1 vs. 43.4%), and victim transport (88.2 vs. 94.3%). From the incident report findings, first responders treated 250 victims (82.8% RTI related) and encountered 24 deaths (9.6% of victims). Of the first aid skills, bleeding control and bandaging was used most often (55.2% of encounters). Lay first responders provided transport in 48.3% of encounters. Of 110 lay first responders surveyed, 70 of 76 who had used at least one skill felt \u201cconfident\u201d in the care they provided.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prehospital care system composed of lay first responders can be developed leveraging existing transport organizations, offering a scalable alternative for LMICs, demonstrating usefulness in practice and measurable educational improvements in trauma skills for non\u2010clinical lay responders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-018-4467-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]],"date-time":"2018-01-18T17:38:22Z","timestamp":1516297102000},"page":"2293-2302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Lay First Responder Training in Eastern Uganda: Leveraging Transportation Infrastructure to Build an Effective Prehospital Emergency Care Training Program"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Delaney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis 1 Brookings Dr. 63130 St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Bamuleke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uganda Red Cross Society Plot 61\/62 Stadium Rd, Bulubandi Iganga District Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang Jae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis 660 S Euclied Ave 63110 St. Louis MO 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