{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T09:05:36Z","timestamp":1770455136364,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]],"date-time":"2019-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]],"date-time":"2019-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552348800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a recent noninvasive technique of treating thyroid nodules. Our study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of HIFU in treating benign thyroid nodules.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who underwent HIFU of benign thyroid nodules at our institution from July 2017\u20132018. All procedures were performed by a single surgeon. Patients were evaluated immediately post\u2010procedure, and at subsequent intervals of 1 week, 1\u00a0month, 3\u00a0months, and 6\u00a0months. The primary endpoint was thyroid nodule volume reduction at 6\u00a0months posttreatment. Secondary endpoints were post\u2010procedure local complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten patients with 13 thyroid nodules were included. The median follow\u2010up period was 426\u00a0days (range 238\u2013573). Mean maximum diameter reduced from 2.6\u00a0cm (\u00b10.8) pretreatment to 1.4\u00a0cm (\u00b10.7, <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20090.05) 6\u00a0months posttreatment. Mean nodule volume reduced from 5.2\u00a0cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> (\u00b14.2) pretreatment to 1.5\u00a0cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> (\u00b11.3<jats:italic>, P\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.01) 6\u00a0months posttreatment. Mean volume reduction ratio (VRR) at 6\u00a0months posttreatment was 63.2% (\u00b122.5, <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20090.05), with volume reduction of \u226550% in 10 of 13 (76.9%) nodules. Two nodules (15.4%) showed size increases from 4\u00a0months posttreatment. No patients experienced local skin burns or hematomas. Mean pain scores were 1.5 (\u00b11.2) immediate post\u2010procedure, 0.8 (\u00b11.5) at 1 week, and 0.6 (\u00b11.2) at 1\u00a0month post\u2010procedure, respectively, with no reports of pain beyond 1\u00a0month. Only two (20.0%) patients had early, temporary posttreatment voice hoarseness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study shows HIFU ablation to be efficacious and safe\u2014with significant thyroid nodule volume reductions, and no significant or prolonged local complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-019-04976-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]],"date-time":"2019-03-12T15:45:41Z","timestamp":1552405541000},"page":"1957-1963","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Efficacy and Safety of High\u2010Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Therapy for Benign Thyroid Nodules\u2014A Single Center Experience from Singapore"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Prajwala S.","family":"Prakash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thyroid and Endocrine Surgery University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System (NUHS) NUHS Tower Block Level 8 119228 Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han Boon","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thyroid and Endocrine Surgery University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System (NUHS) NUHS Tower Block Level 8 119228 Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wee Boon","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thyroid and Endocrine Surgery University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System (NUHS) NUHS Tower Block Level 8 119228 Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajeev","family":"Parameswaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thyroid and Endocrine Surgery University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System (NUHS) NUHS Tower Block Level 8 119228 Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kee Yuan","family":"Ngiam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thyroid and Endocrine Surgery University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System (NUHS) NUHS Tower Block Level 8 119228 Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330\u2010017\u20105207\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330\u2010017\u20105200\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LangBHH WuALHHigh intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of benign thyroid nodules\u2014a systematic review.J Ther Ultrasound(2017)10.1186\/s40349\u2010017\u20100091\u20101285231275434558","DOI":"10.1186\/s40349-017-0091-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020\u2010017\u20101350\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330\u2010018\u20105333\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020\u2010018\u20101560\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.15141492"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266462317003270"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2011.0141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100035\u20101553348"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GiovanellaL PiccardoA PezzoliCet al. 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